scholarly journals Long-term excess risk of stroke in people with Type 2 diabetes in Sweden according to blood pressure level: a population-based case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hedén Ståhl ◽  
M. Lind ◽  
A.-M. Svensson ◽  
M. Kosiborod ◽  
S. Gudbjörnsdottir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Association between cardiometabolic disease and severe COVID-19: a nationwide case–control study of patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e044486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Svensson ◽  
Robin Hofmann ◽  
Henrike Häbel ◽  
Tomas Jernberg ◽  
Per Nordberg
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Population Type ◽  
Susceptible Patient ◽  
Control Study

AimsThe risks associated with diabetes, obesity and hypertension for severe COVID-19 may be confounded and differ by sociodemographic background. We assessed the risks associated with cardiometabolic factors for severe COVID-19 when accounting for socioeconomic factors and in subgroups by age, sex and region of birth.Methods and resultsIn this nationwide case–control study, 1.086 patients admitted to intensive care with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation (cases), and 10.860 population-based controls matched for age, sex and district of residency were included from mandatory national registries. ORs with 95% CIs for associations between severe COVID-19 and exposures with adjustment for confounders were estimated using logistic regression. The median age was 62 years (IQR 52–70), and 3003 (24.9%) were women. Type 2 diabetes (OR, 2.3 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.7)), hypertension (OR, 1.7 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.0)), obesity (OR, 3.1 (95% CI 2.4 to 4.0)) and chronic kidney disease (OR, 2.5 (95% CI 1.7 to 3.7)) were all associated with severe COVID-19. In the younger subgroup (below 57 years), ORs were significantly higher for all cardiometabolic risk factors. The risk associated with type 2 diabetes was higher in women (p=0.001) and in patients with a region of birth outside European Union(EU) (p=0.004).ConclusionDiabetes, obesity and hypertension were all independently associated with severe COVID-19 with stronger associations in the younger population. Type 2 diabetes implied a greater risk among women and in non-EU immigrants. These findings, originating from high-quality Swedish registries, may be important to direct preventive measures such as vaccination to susceptible patient groups.Trial registration numberClinicaltrial.gov (NCT04426084).

Perinatal Risk Factors in Young Adult-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes—A Population-Based Case-Control Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Author(s):  
Niina Lammi ◽  
Paul A. Blomstedt ◽  
Elena Moltchanova ◽  
Johan G. Eriksson ◽  
Jaakko Tuomilehto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Perinatal Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals The Association of Vitamin A and Vitamin D with Hypertension in Children: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Liang ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Ping Qu ◽  
Guang Hao ◽  
Yisong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertension In Children ◽  
Control Study

Background. The prevalence of hypertension in children increases rapidly. This paper is to investigate the association of vitamin A and serum 25(OH)D level with hypertension and to explore the risk factors of hypertension in children. Methods. 164 children (age: 6-12 years, females: 49.39%) were included in this case-control study. The serum vitamin A and serum 25(OH)D level, the transcription level of RARs and RXRs, 25(OH)D receptor, and the retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), an indicator of vitamin A storage function, were measured. Results. The serum vitamin A level in hypertensive subjects was not significantly different compared to control, but the serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in hypertensive subjects compared to control (38.22±12.00umol/L vs. 43.28±12.33 umol/L, P=0.02). The transcription levels of RARα, RARβ, and RARγ were not significantly different between the two groups; but the LRAT was lower in the hypertensive group than that in the control (P<0.001). Compared with control group, the level of 25(OH)D receptor was lower in hypertension children (P=0.003). Logistic regression model showed that LRAT, HDL, and breastfed duration were negatively associated with blood pressure, and waist circumference was positively associated with blood pressure. Conclusions. The LRAT, serum 25(OH)D, and 25(OH)D receptor were significantly associated with blood pressure level, and both breastfed and HDL-C were independent protective factors of blood pressure level in children.

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