Vitamin D and white matter abnormalities in older adults: a cross-sectional neuroimaging study

The health effects of vitamin D are well documented, with increasing evidence of its roles beyond bone. There is, however, little evidence of the effects of vitamin D on hospitalisation among older adults. This study aimed to prospectively determine the relationship of vitamin D status in older adults with hospital admission and emergency department (ED) attendance. Trinity University of Ulster Department of Agriculture (TUDA) is a large cross-sectional study of older adults with a community population from three disease-defined cohorts (cognitive dysfunction, hypertension, and osteoporosis). Participants included in this analysis were recruited between 2008 and 2012. ED and hospital admission data were gathered from the date of TUDA participation until June 2013, with a mean follow up of 3.6 years. Of the 3093 participants, 1577 (50.9%) attended the ED during the period of follow-up. Attendees had lower mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations than non-attendees (59.1 vs. 70.6 nmol/L). Fully adjusted models showed an inverse association between vitamin D and ED attendance (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.996; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.995–0.998; p < 0.001). A total of 1269 participants (41%) were admitted to hospital during the follow-up. Those admitted had lower mean vitamin D concentrations (58.4 vs. 69.3 nmol/L, p < 0.001). In fully adjusted models, higher vitamin D was inversely associated with hospital admission (HR 0.996; 95% CI 0.994–0.998; p < 0.001) and length of stay (LOS) (β = −0.95, p = 0.006). This study showed independent prospective associations between vitamin D deficiency and increased hospitalisation by older adults. The need for further evaluation of current recommendations in relation to vitamin D supplementation, with consideration beyond bone health, is warranted and should focus on randomised controlled trials.

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Brain White Matter Abnormalities in Female Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A MAPP Network Neuroimaging Study

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.082 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 194 (1) ◽

pp. 118-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Melissa A. Farmer ◽

Lejian Huang ◽

Katherine Martucci ◽

Claire C. Yang ◽

Kenneth R. Maravilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Interstitial Cystitis ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽

Bladder Pain ◽

White Matter Abnormalities ◽

Brain White Matter ◽

Neuroimaging Study

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The association between 25(OH)D levels, frailty status and adiposity indices in older adults

10.1101/330340 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ana Rita Sousa-Santos ◽

Cláudia Afonso ◽

Alejandro Santos ◽

Nuno Borges ◽

Pedro Moreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Positive Association ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Shape Index ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adiposity Indices

AbstractBackgroundVitamin D deficiency is common in older adults and has been linked with frailty and obesity, but it remains to be studied whether frail obese older adults are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the association between frailty, adiposity indices and serum 25(OH)D concentrations.Methods1447 individuals with 65 years or older, participating in a cross-sectional study (Nutrition UP 65). Frailty, according to Fried et al., body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body roundness index (BRI) and body shape index (ABSI) were evaluated. A stepwise multinomial logistic regression was carried out to quantify the association between 25(OH)D quartiles and independent variables.ResultsMedian 25(OH)D levels were lower in individuals presenting both frailty and obesity (p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, pre-frailty (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.63-4.32) and frailty (OR 3.76; 95% CI 2.08-6.81) were associated with increased odds of lower 25(OH)D serum levels (first quartile). Regarding adiposity indices, obesity (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.07-2.87) and the highest categories of WC (OR 3.46; 95% CI 1.95-6.15), BRI (OR 4.35; 95% CI 2.60-7.29) and ABSI (OR 3.17 95% CI 1.86-5.38) were directly associated with lower 25(OH)D serum levels (first quartile).ConclusionsA positive association between frailty or obesity and lower levels of vitamin D was found. Moreover, besides BMI and WC, other indicators of body adiposity, such as BRI and ABSI, were associated with lower 25(OH)D serum concentrations.

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NEUROIMAGING STUDY IN CONGENITAL MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO BRAIN SURFACE IMAGING AND WHITE MATTER ABNORMALITIES

Neuropediatrics ◽

10.1055/s-2006-943675 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 37 (S 1) ◽

Author(s):

A Ohnuma ◽

M Munakata ◽

K Inuma

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Special Reference ◽

Congenital Muscular Dystrophy ◽

Surface Imaging ◽

White Matter Abnormalities ◽

Brain Surface ◽

Neuroimaging Study

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Associations Between Frailty, Retinal Microvascular Changes, and Cerebral White Matter Abnormalities in Korean Older Adults

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society ◽

10.1111/jgs.13114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 2209-2210 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hee-Won Jung ◽

Sun-Wook Kim ◽

Sol-Ji Yoon ◽

Jung-Yeon Choi ◽

Kwang-il Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Cerebral White Matter ◽

White Matter Abnormalities ◽

Microvascular Changes

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White-matter microstructure and hearing acuity in older adults: a population-based cross-sectional DTI study

Neurobiology of Aging ◽

10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 61 ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Stephanie C. Rigters ◽

Lotte G.M. Cremers ◽

M. Arfan Ikram ◽

Marc P. van der Schroeff ◽

Marius de Groot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

White Matter Microstructure ◽

Hearing Acuity

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Calcium and Vitamin D Intakes In an Adult Canadian Population

Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research ◽

10.3148/70.1.2009.21 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Suzette Poliquin ◽

Lawrence Joseph ◽

Katherine Gray-Donald

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Food Frequency ◽

Men And Women ◽

Canadian Population ◽

Trained Interviewer

Purpose: Calcium and vitamin D intakes from food and supplements were estimated in Canadian men and women. Methods: Calciumintakes fromboth diet and supplements and vitamin D intakes fromfortifiedmilk and supplements were estimated using cross-sectional data from9423 randomly selected subjects aged 25 years or older, who were participating in a longitudinal study on osteoporosis. Subjects completed an abbreviated food frequency questionnaire administered by a trained interviewer between July 1995 and December 1997. Results: Themean (standard deviation) daily intake for calciumwas estimated to be 1038 (614)mg for women and 904 (583)mg formen; for vitamin D,mean intakes were 5.6 (5.9) μg and 4.8 (5.5) μg for women andmen, respectively. Conclusions: Mean intakes for calcium and vitamin D in men and women under age 51 were close to the adequate daily intake levels. Older adults, however, may be at risk of deficiency.

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Sweat the Fall Stuff: Physical Activity Moderates the Association of White Matter Hyperintensities With Falls Risk in Older Adults

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnhum.2021.671464 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel A. Crockett ◽

Ryan. S. Falck ◽

Elizabeth Dao ◽

Chun Liang Hsu ◽

Roger Tam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

White Matter ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Falls Risk ◽

Experienced Radiologist

Background: Falls in older adults are a major public health problem. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are highly prevalent in older adults and are a risk factor for falls. In the absence of a cure for WMHs, identifying potential strategies to counteract the risk of WMHs on falls are of great importance. Physical activity (PA) is a promising countermeasure to reduce both WMHs and falls risk. However, no study has yet investigated whether PA attenuates the association of WMHs with falls risk. We hypothesized that PA moderates the association between WMHs and falls risk.Methods: Seventy-six community-dwelling older adults aged 70–80 years old were included in this cross-sectional study. We indexed PA using the Physical Activity Score for the Elderly (PASE) Questionnaire. Falls risk was assessed using the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), and WMH volume (mm3) was determined by an experienced radiologist on T2-weighted and PD-weighted MRI scans. We first examined the independent associations of WMH volume and PASE score with PPA. Subsequently, we examined whether PASE moderated the relationship between WMH volume and PPA. We plotted simple slopes to interpret the interaction effects. Age, sex, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score were included as covariates in all models.Results: Participants had a mean age of 74 years (SD = 3 years) and 54 (74%) were female. Forty-nine participants (66%) had a Fazekas score of 1, 19 (26%) had a score of 2, and 6 (8%) a score of 3. Both PASE (β = −0.26 ± 0.11; p = 0.022) and WMH volume (β = 0.23 ± 0.11; p = 0.043) were each independently associated with PPA score. The interaction model indicated that PASE score moderated the association between WMH volume and PPA (β = −0.27 ± 0.12; p = 0.030), whereby higher PASE score attenuated the association between WMHs and falls risk.Conclusion: PA is an important moderator of falls risk. Importantly, older adults with WMH can reduce their risk of falls by increasing their PA.

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