Early‐Life Socioeconomic Status Impact on Cognition is Higher for Older than Middle‐Aged Adults and Independent of Education Level and Late‐Life Socioeconomic Status

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laiss Bertola ◽  
Isabela M. Benseñor ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
Luana Giatti ◽  
Arlinda B. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

scholarly journals Relationships between Socioeconomic Status, Handgrip Strength, and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Middle-Aged Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1892
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Inhwan Lee ◽  
Dong-Ho Park ◽  
Hyo-Bum Kwak ◽  
Kisuk Min
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Middle Aged Adults ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Although low socioeconomic status (SES) and decreased muscle strength have been found to be associated with the risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, the associations among SES, muscle strength, and NAFLD are still unclear. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of SES and relative handgrip strength (HGS) on the risk of NAFLD in middle-aged adults. Data from 5272 middle-aged adults who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2014–2018 were analyzed. NAFLD was defined using the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) > 36 and the comprehensive NAFLD score (CNS) ≥ 40 in the absence of other causes of liver disease. SES was based on a self-reported questionnaire. Overall, individuals with low SES (odds ratio (OR) = 1.703, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.424–2.037, p < 0.001) or low HGS (OR = 12.161, 95% CI: 9.548–15.488, p < 0.001) had a significantly higher risk of NAFLD. The joint association analysis showed that a low SES combined with a low HGS (OR = 2.479, 95% CI: 1.351–4.549, p = 0.003) further significantly increased the risk of NAFLD when adjusted for all the covariates, compared with individuals with a high SES and a high HGS (OR = 1). The current findings suggest that both low SES and low HGS were independently and synergistically associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in middle-aged Korean adults.

Early Life Socioeconomic Status and Late Life Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
Paul A. Scherr ◽  
George Hoganson ◽  
Julia L. Bienias ◽  
Denis A. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Late Life

PT054 The Association Between Malnutrition in Early Life and Hypertension in Chinese Middle-Aged Adults in Chongqing, China

Global Heart ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e135-e136
Author(s):  
X. Xu ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
H. Zeng ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
F. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Characteristics of Self-Defining Memories in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Cuervo-Lombard ◽  
Delphine Raucher-Chéné ◽  
Martial Van der Linden ◽  
Virginie Voltzenlogel
Keyword(s):  
Education Level ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Aged Subjects ◽  
Verbal Knowledge ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background: Self-Defining Memories (SDMs) are a specific type of autobiographical memory, and that plays a key role in the construction of personal identity. Objective: We investigated the characteristics of SDMs in elderly subjects. The originality of the present study is to compare our elderly group to middle-aged subjects instead of young adults, as previously reported in the literature to understand the age-related modifications in SDMs. Method: We recruited 41 elderly subjects with normal cognitive functioning and 37 middle-aged adults. They were matched for education level and verbal knowledge. Result: Older participants recalled the same number of specific memories than middle-aged participants. SDMs were predominantly constituted of episodic characteristics, with specific details, in both groups. However, middle-aged subjects gave more integrative meaning of SDMs and more redemptive events than older participants. The two samples differed for three content dimensions (exploration/recreation, relationship contents, and not classifiable). As predicted, older participants reported memories that were more positive, on average, than the middle-aged participants’ memories. Conclusion: Our study added some contributions to the understanding of the consequences of aging on the self. Future research should explore the continuity of SDMs characteristics across the lifespan.

scholarly journals Education, Race/Ethnicity, and Causes of Premature Mortality Among Middle-Aged Adults in 4 US Urban Communities: Results From CARDIA, 1985–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brita Roy ◽  
Catarina I. Kiefe ◽  
David R. Jacobs ◽  
David C. Goff ◽  
Donald Lloyd-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Black Women ◽  
White Women ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Objectives. To assess causes of premature death and whether race/ethnicity or education is more strongly and independently associated with premature mortality in a diverse sample of middle-aged adults in the United States. Methods. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (CARDIA) is a longitudinal cohort study of 5114 participants recruited in 1985 to 1986 and followed for up to 29 years, with rigorous ascertainment of all deaths; recruitment was balanced regarding sex, Black and White race/ethnicity, education level (high school or less vs. greater than high school), and age group (18–24 and 25–30 years). This analysis included all 349 deaths that had been fully reviewed through month 348. Our primary outcome was years of potential life lost (YPLL). Results. The age-adjusted mortality rate per 1000 persons was 45.17 among Black men, 25.20 among White men, 17.63 among Black women, and 10.10 among White women. Homicide and AIDS were associated with the most YPLL, but cancer and cardiovascular disease were the most common causes of death. In multivariable models, each level of education achieved was associated with 1.37 fewer YPLL (P = .007); race/ethnicity was not independently associated with YPLL. Conclusions. Lower education level was an independent predictor of greater YPLL.

scholarly journals Early-life Health as a Lifelong Precursor of Self-Related Views of Aging in Later Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui Smith ◽  
Marina Larkina
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Childhood Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Demographic Covariates

Abstract Objectives Age stereotypes and expectations about one’s own aging commence in childhood but most research focuses on predictive associations with midlife health behaviors, later-life chronic conditions, biomarkers, and longevity. Surprisingly little is known about the role of poor childhood health in these associations. This study aims to fill this gap. Methods Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS: N = 5,773, aged 50–98), we investigated whether diagnosed chronic illness before age 16 and self-rated childhood health predict late-life self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and proportional subjective age discrepancy (PSAD). We conducted multivariate multiple regression analysis (MMRA) to determine the joint and partial effects of the two indicators of childhood health. Models included controls for childhood family financial status as well as late-life self-rated health, chronic illnesses, memory status, and demographic covariates (age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, socioeconomic status) in 2016. Results Over and above all covariates and the covariation of the two views of one’s own aging, the MMRA models revealed that the number of childhood chronic illnesses predicted SPA but not for PSAD. Self-rated childhood health predicted both SPA and PSAD in the unadjusted models, but not in the adjusted models. Discussion This study provides new insight into potential early-life precursors of self-evaluations of aging. In particular, childhood diagnoses of chronic illness enhance negative SPA up to 50 years later. Non-normative experiences related to poor health in childhood are lifelong foundations for socioeconomic status, health, and for self-related beliefs about age and aging.

scholarly journals Life Course Socioeconomic Status and Later Life Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Neuropathological Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
Sarah Tom ◽  
Amol Mehta ◽  
Stepanie Izard ◽  
Paul Crane ◽  
David Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Braak Stage

Abstract While higher life course socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) risk, relationships with AD-related neuropathological lesions are unclear. We hypothesize that high SES in early, mid and late life will be associated with lower frequency of AD-related pathological lesions. The Rush Memory and Aging Project is a cohort of 2025 people age ≥ 65 years from Northeastern Illinois recruited 1997 – 2018; 972 participants died. We created binary variables for Braak stage (0-II versus III-VI), NIA-Reagan score (low likelihood/no AD pathology versus high/intermediate likelihood), presence of microinfarcts and, separately, macroinfarcts, and life course SES based on median for late life (baseline income), midlife (income at age 40 years), and early life (composite of parental education and number of siblings). Logistic regression models adjusted for ages at baseline and death, sex, presence of APOE-Ɛ4 alleles, and separately, vascular factors and education. Of 761 participants with relevant data, 69% were women, and mean ages at baseline and death were 83 + 6 years and 90 + 6 years, respectively. High early life SES was related to lower frequency of AD pathology (OR= 0.69, 95% CI 0.50, 0.96) and macroinfarcts (OR= 0.69, 95% CI 0.51, 0.94). Results were similar when adjusting for vascular factors; adjustment for education modestly attenuated these associations. Mid-life and late life SES were not associated with AD-related neuropathological lesions. High early life SES was related to lower frequency of AD pathology and macroinfarct presence. Environment during early development may influence later life brain aging.

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