Seasonal weather patterns drive population vital rates and persistence in a stream fish

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1856-1870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kanno ◽  
Benjamin H. Letcher ◽  
Nathaniel P. Hitt ◽  
David A. Boughton ◽  
John E. B. Wofford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stream Fish ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Weather

Seasonal patterns in the structure of epigeic beetle (Coleoptera) assemblages in two subarctic habitats in Nunavut, Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Ernst ◽  
C.M. Buddle
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Assemblage Structure ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Group Species ◽  
Seasonal Weather

AbstractSeasonal patterns in the taxonomic and functional structure of epigeic Coleoptera assemblages in wet and mesic habitats were studied in Kugluktuk, Nunavut, Canada. Using pan and pitfall traps, 2638 beetles were collected between 21 June and 13 August 2010. Fifty species (including 17 new territory records) in 11 families were identified. The biomass of each specimen was estimated, and each was assigned to a functional group. Species composition differed between habitats throughout the active season and there was a rapid compositional turnover even though species diversity was similar in both habitats and among sampling periods. The functional beetle assemblages in the two habitats were different, and both assemblages experienced seasonal turnover in function; this effect was more pronounced in the mesic habitats. The beetle fauna in both habitats was predominantly entomophagous. We also examined the influence of seasonal weather patterns on assemblage structure: there is a significant relationship between mean daily temperature and assemblage structure. This relationship indicates that changes in weather (or longer-term changes in climate) could affect the diversity and ecological function of insects in this system. Given the significance of insects in the north, this could result in important changes to northern ecology.

Impact of high air temperatures on Brassicacae crops in southern Ontario

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Warland ◽  
Alan W McKeown ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Family ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Hot Weather ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Seasonal Weather

The yield patterns of many cool season vegetable crops were observed to be different from the gradual increase in yields that has been reported over time for corn and soybeans in Ontario. A study was conducted to determine if there was a relationship between yield and seasonal weather patterns for five vegetables (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, radish and rutabaga) in the family Brassicacae. The iterative chi-squared technique was used to identify correlations between daily temperature and marketable yield. Yields of all five of the crops showed some damage due to hot weather in August. For cauliflower, cabbage and rutabaga there was roughly a 10% yield loss for every 10 d that the temperature reached 30°C or above during the growing season. These results shed new insight into the mechanisms by which weather affects yield. Key words: Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, radish, rutabaga, yield, climate

Teaching Through Trade Books: Seasonal Weather Patterns

2019 ◽  
Vol 056 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Anne Royce
Keyword(s):  
Trade Books ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Weather

Prophecy and Prediction: Forecasting Drought and Famine in British India and the Australian Colonies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth A. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
British India ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Climate Knowledge ◽  
East Indian Ocean ◽  
Seasonal Weather

In British India and the Australian colonies, drought and famine, as well as other hazards, were challenges facing local and metropolitan meteorologists. In this article, I examine the colonial and environmental contexts that animated the studies of both Indian and Australian scientists and the meteorological futures they sought to realise. Colonial scientists in India and Australia were eager to develop means of seasonal weather prediction that could aid the advancement of Empire underway in their respective continents. As this article shows, meteorologists in both places understood that the climate knowledge emerging on each side of the east Indian Ocean could be mutually beneficial in related ways. Their vast continental scales, imperial bonds, geographic orientation and telegraphic connection made them worthy partners in colonial efforts to discern and predict weather patterns, while contributing to the wider field of meteorological science. The threat to colonial security and prosperity that drought and famine posed helped to thicken the bonds between these reaches of the empire, as their meteorologists sought to impose their territorial logic of the skies above.

Seasonal Population Dynamics of Potato Psyllid (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in the Columbia River Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-982
Author(s):  
Abigail L Cohen ◽  
Carrie H Wohleb ◽  
Silvia I Rondon ◽  
Kylie D Swisher Grimm ◽  
Isabel Cueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Potato Psyllid ◽  
Bactericera Cockerelli ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Seasonal Weather

Abstract Understanding factors that affect the population dynamics of insect pest species is key for developing integrated pest management strategies in agroecosystems. Most insect pest populations are strongly regulated by abiotic factors such as temperature and precipitation, and assessing relationships between abiotic conditions and pest dynamics can aid decision-making. However, many pests are also managed with insecticides, which can confound relationships between abiotic factors and pest dynamics. Here we used data from a regional monitoring network in the Pacific Northwest United States to explore effects of abiotic factors on populations of an intensively managed potato pest, the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli Šulc), which can vector Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurus, a bacterial pathogen of potatoes. We assessed effects of temperature on psyllid populations, and show psyllid population growth followed predictable patterns within each year, but there was considerable variation across years in psyllid abundance. Examination of seasonal weather patterns suggested that in 2017, when psyllid populations were less abundant by several orders of magnitude than other years, a particularly long and cold period of winter weather may have harmed overwintering populations and limited population growth. The rate of degree-day accumulation over time, as well as total degree-day accumulation also affected trap catch abundance, likely by mediating the number of psyllid generations per season. Our findings indicate that growers can reliably infer the potential magnitude of risk from potato psyllids using monitoring data, date of first detection, seasonal weather patterns, and population size early in the growing season.

scholarly journals Endemic Cholera in India and Imported Cholera in Russia: What is Common?

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
E. V. Monakhova ◽  
A. Ghosh ◽  
A. Mutreja ◽  
F.-X. Weill ◽  
T. Ramamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Seasonal Weather

The endemicity of cholera in India has been well researched. Among the other endemic areas, Indian subcontinent appears to be the cradle of Vibrio cholerae genovariants, which subsequently spread worldwide. In contrast, all the cholera cases recorded in Russia are of imported origin. In the past century, such importations might result in epidemics, which, however, ended with elimination of toxigenic V. cholerae (TVC) from the affected areas. Currently, the incidence of TVC in water reservoirs or infected returnees from Asian countries are rare events, mostly due to constant surveillance activities. Furthermore, the climatic conditions in the majority of Russian regions are unfavorable for longterm environmental survival of the pathogen. On the other hand, global shifts in climate accompanied by unexpected anomalies in previously stable climatic zones may promote dissemination of imported TVC and emergence of cholera. In some regions of Russia, seasonal weather patterns are pretty similar to Indian. Molecular studies of isolates from diverse territories show that TVC have been introduced into new areas and acquired additional traits, absent in their ancestors.This article describes genomic characteristics of TVC isolates from Russia, India and some other countries. The review is complemented by bioinformatics analysis of important genetic markers to discriminate between clones that emerged in endemic regions and were imported into cholera-free locations. We have found more evidence in support of primary Indian origin of recent genovariants and their ongoing transformation, including the emergence of a new rtxA gene allele with a 60 bp deletion in addition to the previously known null mutation. In certain conditions, TVC could pose a potential threat of spreading epidemic cholera into Russia and other territories. Cholera control requires joint efforts of researchers to learn more about the pathogen at the molecular level for developing effective strategies to protect the humankind throughout the world.

Tariffs accentuate poor iron ore market fundamentals

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Tailings Dam ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Steel Mills ◽  
Metallurgical Coal ◽  
The Us ◽  
Market Fundamentals ◽  
Seasonal Weather

Significance High inventories in Chinese steel mills have reduced steel and iron ore prices this year. Concerns about retaliation against the US tariffs are accentuating the trend. Prices of iron ore, metallurgical coal and rebar steel fell on the Dalian Commodity Exchange last month after Beijing announced it will retaliate against the tariffs. The drop in the iron ore price since February is particularly concerning, given that China’s crackdown on scrap imports is boosting iron ore demand and that seasonal weather patterns traditionally reduce Brazilian and Australian production this time of the year. Impacts Brazil supplies one-third of China’s iron ore imports; these will be costlier as Brazil’s congress is raising royalty rates from 2% to 3.5%. Restart delays after Samarco’s 2015 tailings dam disaster will hold back 20 million tonnes of high-grade pellets per year, likely into 2019. Having come into operation at the start of this year, the S11D mine in Brazil will be the world’s largest iron ore within three years.

Seasonal and daily activity patterns of subterranean, wood-eating termite foragers

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore A. Evans ◽  
Patrick V. Gleeson
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Termite Species ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Foraging Pattern ◽  
Very High ◽  
Daily Activity Patterns ◽  
Seasonal Weather

Daily and seasonal changes in foraging activity of subterranean wood-feeding termites are not well known, but their subterranean habit is widely assumed to reduce the effect of the weather on their behaviour. The number of foraging Coptotermes lacteus in artificial feeding stations was examined over 24-h periods during summer and winter in temperate Australia. In summer, termites foraged disparately, with greater numbers found distant from the mounds, whereas in winter termites were clustered in very high numbers near the mounds. Daily patterns were seen in forager numbers: during summer, peaks occurred in late morning and late afternoon and troughs at dawn and noon, whereas in winter a peak occurred at noon and a trough at dawn. These patterns were associated with air and soil temperatures, which indicated that daily and seasonal weather patterns do influence subterranean wood-feeding termites. The foraging pattern is discussed with respect to predator behaviour and how the pattern might be used to infer positioning of cryptic nesting termite species.

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