scholarly journals Lower soil moisture and deep soil temperatures in thermokarst features increase old soil carbon loss after 10 years of experimental permafrost warming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine F. Pegoraro ◽  
Marguerite E. Mauritz ◽  
Kiona Ogle ◽  
Christopher H. Ebert ◽  
Edward A. G. Schuur
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Permafrost Warming ◽  
Soil Temperatures

scholarly journals Rising Temperature May Trigger Deep Soil Carbon Loss Across Forest Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 2001242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinquan Li ◽  
Junmin Pei ◽  
Elise Pendall ◽  
Peter B. Reich ◽  
Nam Jin Noh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Deep Soil

Dynamic simulation of apple yield and dynamic response of deep soil moisture under rain-fed apple orchards of different planting densities at Baoji

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1385
Author(s):  
Peng FAN ◽  
Jun LI ◽  
Li-Na ZHANG ◽  
Yu CAO ◽  
Zheng GUO
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Deep Soil

scholarly journals Multilayer Soil Moisture Mapping at a Regional Scale from Multisource Data via a Machine Learning Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linglin Zeng ◽  
Shun Hu ◽  
Daxiang Xiang ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Deren Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Deep Soil

Soil moisture mapping at a regional scale is commonplace since these data are required in many applications, such as hydrological and agricultural analyses. The use of remotely sensed data for the estimation of deep soil moisture at a regional scale has received far less emphasis. The objective of this study was to map the 500-m, 8-day average and daily soil moisture at different soil depths in Oklahoma from remotely sensed and ground-measured data using the random forest (RF) method, which is one of the machine-learning approaches. In order to investigate the estimation accuracy of the RF method at both a spatial and a temporal scale, two independent soil moisture estimation experiments were conducted using data from 2010 to 2014: a year-to-year experiment (with a root mean square error (RMSE) ranging from 0.038 to 0.050 m3/m3) and a station-to-station experiment (with an RMSE ranging from 0.044 to 0.057 m3/m3). Then, the data requirements, importance factors, and spatial and temporal variations in estimation accuracy were discussed based on the results using the training data selected by iterated random sampling. The highly accurate estimations of both the surface and the deep soil moisture for the study area reveal the potential of RF methods when mapping soil moisture at a regional scale, especially when considering the high heterogeneity of land-cover types and topography in the study area.

scholarly journals Assessing Wood and Soil Carbon Losses from a Forest-Peat Fire in the Boreo-Nemoral Zone

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Andrey Sirin ◽  
Alexander Maslov ◽  
Dmitry Makarov ◽  
Yakov Gulbe ◽  
Hans Joosten
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Forest Stand Structure ◽  
Peat Fire ◽  
Peat Fires ◽  
Carbon Losses

Forest-peat fires are notable for their difficulty in estimating carbon losses. Combined carbon losses from tree biomass and peat soil were estimated at an 8 ha forest-peat fire in the Moscow region after catastrophic fires in 2010. The loss of tree biomass carbon was assessed by reconstructing forest stand structure using the classification of pre-fire high-resolution satellite imagery and after-fire ground survey of the same forest classes in adjacent areas. Soil carbon loss was assessed by using the root collars of stumps to reconstruct the pre-fire soil surface and interpolating the peat characteristics of adjacent non-burned areas. The mean (median) depth of peat losses across the burned area was 15 ± 8 (14) cm, varying from 13 ± 5 (11) to 20 ± 9 (19). Loss of soil carbon was 9.22 ± 3.75–11.0 ± 4.96 (mean) and 8.0–11.0 kg m−2 (median); values exceeding 100 tC ha−1 have also been found in other studies. The estimated soil carbon loss for the entire burned area, 98 (mean) and 92 (median) tC ha−1, significantly exceeds the carbon loss from live (tree) biomass, which averaged 58.8 tC ha−1. The loss of carbon in the forest-peat fire thus equals the release of nearly 400 (soil) and, including the biomass, almost 650 tCO2 ha−1 into the atmosphere, which illustrates the underestimated impact of boreal forest-peat fires on atmospheric gas concentrations and climate.

scholarly journals Undervine groundcover substantially increases shallow but not deep soil carbon in a temperate vineyard

2021 ◽  
Vol 313 ◽  
pp. 107362
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Fleishman ◽  
Hayden W. Bock ◽  
David M. Eissenstat ◽  
Michela Centinari
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Deep Soil

Silvicultural treatments, microclimatic conditions and seedling response in Southern Interior clearcuts

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Fleming ◽  
T. A. Black ◽  
R. S. Adams ◽  
R. J. Stathers
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions

Post-harvest levels of soil disturbance and vegetation regrowth strongly influence microclimate conditions, and this has important implications for seedling establishment. We examined the effects of blading (scalping), soil loosening (ripping) and vegetation control (herbicide), as well as no soil disturbance, on growing season microclimates and 3-yr seedling response on two grass-dominated clearcuts at different elevations in the Southern Interior of British Columbia. Warmer soil temperatures were obtained by removing surface organic horizons. Ripping produced somewhat higher soil temperatures than scalping at the drier, lower-elevation site, but slightly reduced soil temperatures at the wetter, higher-elevation site. Near-surface air temperatures were more extreme (higher daily maximums and lower daily minimums) over the control than over exposed mineral soil. Root zone soil moisture deficits largely reflected transpiration by competing vegetation; vegetation removal was effective in improving soil moisture availability at the lower elevation site, but unnecessary from this perspective at the higher elevation site. The exposed mineral surfaces self-mulched and conserved soil moisture after an initial period of high evaporation. Ripping and scalping resulted in somewhat lower near-surface available soil water storage capacities. Seedling establishment on both clearcuts was better following treatments which removed vegetation and surface organic horizons and thus enhanced microclimatic conditions, despite reducing nutrient supply. Such treatments may, however, compromise subsequent stand development through negative impacts on site nutrition. Temporal changes in the relative importance of different physical (microclimate) and chemical (soil nutrition) properties to soil processes and plant growth need to be considered when evaluating site productivity. Key words: Microclimate, soil temperature, air temperature, soil moisture, clearcut, seedling establishment

scholarly journals White Root Rot of Raspberries

1951 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
GC Wade
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
White Root Rot ◽  
High Soil Moisture ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Dry Soil

The disease known as white root rot affects raspberries, and to a less extent loganberries, in Victoria. The causal organism is a white, sterile fungus that has not been identified. The disease is favoured by dry soil conditions and high soil temperatures. It spreads externally to the host by means of undifferentiated rhizomorphs; and requires a food base for the establishment of infection. The spread of rhizomorphs through the soil is hindered by high soil moisture content and consequent poor aeration of the soil.

Seasonal variation of deep soil moisture under different land uses on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowei Yu ◽  
Gaohuan Liu ◽  
Qingsheng Liu ◽  
Chong Huang ◽  
He Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Estimating Annual Soil Carbon Loss in Agricultural Peatland Soils Using a Nitrogen Budget Approach

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0121432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie R. Kirk ◽  
Chris van Kessel ◽  
William R. Horwath ◽  
Bruce A. Linquist
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Budget ◽  
Carbon Loss
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