Age and sex differences of risk factors of activity limitations in Japanese older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Monma ◽  
Fumi Takeda ◽  
Haruko Noguchi ◽  
Nanako Tamiya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postprandial Hypotension Among Japanese Older Adults in a Facility

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 222-222
Author(s):  
Noriko Suzuki ◽  
Masahiko Hashizume ◽  
Hideyuki Shiotani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Postprandial Hypotension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

Abstract Postprandial hypotension (PPH) is an unrecognized sudden drop of blood pressure (BP) after meals and a hidden problem among older people including those living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Though PPH causes dizziness, falls, and syncope, it has received little attention from¬¬¬ healthcare workers (HCW) including caregivers, nurses and physicians, and risk factors of PPH should be carefully assessed to improve quality of life. Therefore, we aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors of PPH in a LTCF in Japan. Participants were 114 older adults living in a LTCF in Japan (mean age 85.9 years old; 85 female (74%)). To examine PPH, blood pressure (BP) was measured before and after lunch. BP after meal was measured four times every 30 minutes. PPH is defined as a BP drop of 20 mmHg or more and we also defined a BP drop within a range of 19 to 15 mmHg as potential-PPH. As risk factors, we compared systolic and diastolic BP at baseline, body mass index, pulse rate, disease and complications between groups with/without PPH. The prevalence of PPH was 41% (47/114) and 52% with potential-PPH; 11% (13/114) added. Among risk factors, systolic BP was significantly higher in those with PPH (142.6 vs 123.5 mmHg, p <0.001). This study revealed that PPH & potential-PPH occurred in half of the subjects in a LTCF in Japan. HCW need to focus on high systolic BP to predict PPH and future research is necessary to prevent and cope with PPH for older people.

Emotional Control in Adulthood

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Tahmaseb McConatha ◽  
Frances Marshall Leone ◽  
Jill M. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Emotional Control ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Socioemotional Selectivity ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Age And Sex

Although it is widely believed that emotions vary with age, there is a dearth of information on emotional experiences in later adulthood. Several researchers think that older adults experience less emotional intensity than younger people while others have suggested that aging is accompanied by a decrease in positive affect and an increase in negative emotions. Sex similarities and differences in emotionality have also been documented. This study focuses on age and sex similarities and differences in emotional control. Three hundred and twenty seven men and women aged 19 to 92 years were administered two emotion measures. The results support previous research which suggests that the control of emotions increases with age. In evaluating sex differences in emotional control, women scored as more emotionally expressive than men, a finding which is consistent with previous research. Results are discussed in relation to socioemotional selectivity theory.

The effect of age and sex on clustering and switching during speeded verbal fluency tasks

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAWNDA LANTING ◽  
NICOLE HAUGRUD ◽  
MARGARET CROSSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractPast research has been inconsistent with regard to the effects of normal aging and sex on strategy use during verbal fluency performance. In the present study, both Troyer et al.’s (1997) and Abwender et al.’s (2001) scoring methods were used to measure switching and clustering strategies in 60 young and 72 older adults, equated on verbal ability. Young adults produced more words overall and switched more often during both phonemic and semantic fluency tasks, but performed similarly to older adults on measures of clustering. Although there were no sex differences in total words produced on either fluency task, males produced larger clusters on both tasks, and females switched more frequently than males on the semantic but not on the phonemic fluency task. Although clustering strategies appear to be relatively age-insensitive, age-related changes in switching strategies resulted in fewer overall words produced by older adults. This study provides evidence of age and sex differences in strategy use during verbal fluency tests, and illustrates the utility of combining Troyer’s and Abwender’s scoring procedures with in-depth categorization of clustering to understand interactions between age and sex during semantic fluency tasks. (JINS, 2009, 15, 196–204.)

scholarly journals An Epidemiological Study of the Risk Factors of Bicycle-Related Falls Among Japanese Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
Ryota Sakurai ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Hiroyuki Suzuki ◽  
Susumu Ogawa ◽  
Hunkyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Japanese Older Adults

scholarly journals Age and sex differences in sleep disorders as risk factors and markers of hypertension in young people with normal body weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-561
Author(s):  
A. L. Kalinkin ◽  
A. S. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Old People ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective. To assess age and sex differences in sleep disorders as risk factors and markers of hypertension (HTN) in 18–39-year old people with normal body weight. Design and methods. We performed a cross-sectional study based on the internet survey of 18–39-year-old people with body mass index of 18–25 kg/m2  (n = 2094). The unvalidated questionnaire included 42 questions about various types of sleep disorders and sleep-associated symptoms (0 — never, 1 — rarely, 2 — from time to time, 3 — quite often, 4 — almost all the time). Results. The probability of detecting HTN in young men with normal body weight is higher than in women with similar characteristics (p < 0,001). In women, the probability of detecting HTN decreases, starting with the youngest category (18–24 years old), reaching a minimum in the age group 30–34 years old and then starts to increase. By the age of 40, the indicators for men and women become similar. Based on a multivariate analysis, the risk of HTN in young people with normal body weight is associated with both gender and age (p = 0,022). The contribution of gender to age-related changes in sleep complaints was found for snoring (p < 0,001), sleep apnea (p < 0,001), early awakenings (p = 0,002). The contribution of gender was also noted for various symptoms — daytime sleepiness, some symptoms of restless legs syndrome (RLS), anxiety, depression, leg cramps (p < 0,001) and nocturnal heartburn (p < 0,001). The contribution of age was noted for snoring (p < 0,001), sleep apnea (p < 0,001), early awakenings (p < 0,001) and for a variety of symptoms — daytime sleepiness, some symptoms of RLS, anxiety, nocturnal cough, and nocturnal choking. Conclusions. Our data can be considered when developing measures for HTN prevention, can be recommended for clinical use, as well as in subsequent clinical studies using validated questionnaires.

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