Correlation between plain X‐ray measurements and DXA scans, and its possible use as a screening tool for performing DXA scans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Hadidi ◽  
Osama A. Khalil ◽  
Azmy Alhadidy ◽  
Rula Alqawaba ◽  
Yazan Hammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dxa Scans

scholarly journals Accuracy and Incremental Yield of the Chest X-Ray in Screening for Tuberculosis in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Joanitah Nalunjogi ◽  
Frank Mugabe ◽  
Irene Najjingo ◽  
Pastan Lusiba ◽  
Francis Olweny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Number Needed To Screen ◽  
Screening Algorithm ◽  
Chest X Ray

The WHO END TB strategy requires ≥90% case detection to combat tuberculosis (TB). Increased TB case detection requires a more sensitive and specific screening tool. Currently, the symptoms recommended for screening TB have been found to be suboptimal since up to 44% of individuals with TB are asymptomatic. The chest X-ray (CXR) as a screening tool for pulmonary TB was evaluated in this study, as well as its incremental yield in TB diagnosis using a cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of data of 4512 consented/assented participants ≥15 years who participated in the Uganda National TB prevalence survey between 2014 and 2015. Participants with a cough ≥2 weeks, fever, weight loss, and night sweats screened positive for TB using the symptoms screening method, while participants with a TB defining abnormality on CXR screened positive for TB by the CXR screening method. The Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture was used as a gold standard for TB diagnosis. The CXR had 93% sensitivity and 65% specificity compared to LJ culture results, while symptoms had 76% sensitivity and 31% specificity. The screening algorithm involving the CXR in addition to symptoms led to a 38% increment in the yield of diagnosed tuberculosis. The number needed to screen using the CXR and symptoms screening algorithm was 32 compared to 45 when the symptoms are used alone. Therefore, the CXR in combination with symptoms is a good TB screening tool and increases the yield of diagnosed TB.

The utility of chest X-ray as a screening tool for blunt thoracic aortic injury

Injury ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Gutierrez ◽  
Kenji Inaba ◽  
Stefano Siboni ◽  
Zachary Effron ◽  
Tobias Haltmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Aortic Injury ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Injury ◽  
Chest X Ray

scholarly journals Chest X-ray as a screening tool for blunt thoracic trauma in children

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NL Yanchar ◽  
K Woo ◽  
M Brennan ◽  
C Palmer ◽  
M Ee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Blunt Thoracic Trauma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

A New X-Ray Based Osteoporosis Screening Tool Provides Accurate and Precise Assessment of Phalanx Bone Mineral Content

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Michaeli ◽  
Alireza Mirshahi ◽  
Jonathan Singer ◽  
Frank G. Rapa ◽  
David B. Plass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Osteoporosis Screening ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Precise Assessment

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Bladder Stones Following Transurethral Cystolithotripsy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tse Hsiao ◽  
Wan-Ching Lien
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bladder Stones ◽  
Physical Examinations

Abstract Background:Bladder stones are common diseases, constituting 5% of urinary stones. However, iatrogenic bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones is a rare complication after a transurethral cystolithotripsy (TUCL).Case presentation:A 73-year-old male was sent to the emergency department (ED) with presentations of dyspnea and hematuria after receiving a transurethral cystolithotripsy(TUCL) with laser. Upon arrival, his vital signs were relatively stable. An abdominal X-ray showed a radiopaque lesion within the pelvis. Physical examinations showed diffuse abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding. The initial focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST) was positive. Computed tomography (CT) revealed bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones. The patient received conservative supportive care with antibiotics and foley drainage and was discharged 3 weeks later smoothly.Conclusion:For emergency physicians, bladder rupture should be taken into consideration in patients with intraperitoneal bladder stones following TUCL. Computed tomography remains a standard of diagnosis although ultrasonography is a convenient screening tool for ascites.

scholarly journals Mammogram: Association of Music with Anxiety among Malaysian Woman – A Systematic Review.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Fatin Ruslizam ◽  
Nur Nadiah Fatihah Ab Malek ◽  
Norhayati Mohd Zain ◽  
Nur Anis Izzati Che Nut ◽  
Norhashimah Mohd Norsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Database Search ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Detect Breast Cancer

Mammography is one of the screening tool that using x-ray dose to detect breast cancer at early stage for women older than 40 years old. By performing mammography screening annually, it can decrease mortality from breast cancer. Pain and anxiety often a hindrance to the rate of intake of mammography screening among the women. A systematic review was conducted to know the association of music with anxiety and pain on patients during mammography screening. Review identification was performed through a database search on MEDLINE and CINAHL, and 2 qualified studies were selected. The keyword used is “music therapy”, “anxiety”, ‘pain”, and “mammography”. A total of 2 articles showed the use of music among women who undergoing mammography screening. The previous studies showed that the use of music can decrease level of pain and anxiety among women during mammography screening. Thus, applying music during the screening should be implemented to encourage women for annual mammography screening.

scholarly journals Intraperitoneal Bladder Stones Following Transurethral Cystolithotripsy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Tse Hsiao ◽  
Wan-Ching Lien
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bladder Stones ◽  
Physical Examinations

Abstract Background:Bladder stones are common diseases, constituting 5% of urinary stones. However, iatrogenic bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones is a rare complication after a transurethral cystolithotripsy (TUCL).Case presentation:A 73-year-old male was sent to the emergency department (ED) with presentations of dyspnea and hematuria after receiving a transurethral cystolithotripsy(TUCL) with laser. Upon arrival, his vital signs were relatively stable. An abdominal X-ray showed a radiopaque lesion within the pelvis. Physical examinations showed diffuse abdominal tenderness with muscle guarding. The initial focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST) was positive. Computed tomography (CT) revealed bladder rupture with intraperitoneal bladder stones. The patient received conservative supportive care with antibiotics and foley drainage and was discharged 3 weeks later smoothly.Conclusion:For emergency physicians, bladder rupture should be taken into consideration in patients with intraperitoneal bladder stones following TUCL. Computed tomography remains a standard of diagnosis although ultrasonography is a convenient screening tool for ascites.

scholarly journals Identification of and Associations among Low, Middle, and High Body Composition Trajectories from Age 5- to 17-Years

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Marshall ◽  
Alexandra M. Curtis ◽  
Joseph E. Cavanaugh ◽  
John J. Warren ◽  
Steven M. Levy
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Fat Mass Index ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Body Composition Measure ◽  
Dxa Scans

Our objective was to identify sex-specific age 5- to 17-year body composition (body mass index (BMI), % body fat, fat mass index, fat-free mass index) trajectories, compare trajectories assigned using age 5 (AGE5) data to those assigned using all available (ALL) data, and compare BMI assignments to other body composition assignments. Cluster analysis was used to identify low, medium, and high trajectories from body composition measures obtained from dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at 5, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 years in a birth cohort followed longitudinally (n = 469). Moderate agreement was observed for comparisons between AGE5 data and ALL data cluster assignments for each body composition measure. Agreement between cluster assignments for BMI and other body composition measures was stronger using ALL data than using AGE5 data. Our results suggest that BMI, % body fat, fat mass index, and fat free mass index trajectories are established during early childhood, and that BMI is a reasonable predictor of body composition appropriate to track obesity in public health and clinical settings.

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