scholarly journals Accuracy and Incremental Yield of the Chest X-Ray in Screening for Tuberculosis in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Joanitah Nalunjogi ◽  
Frank Mugabe ◽  
Irene Najjingo ◽  
Pastan Lusiba ◽  
Francis Olweny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Number Needed To Screen ◽  
Screening Algorithm ◽  
Chest X Ray

The WHO END TB strategy requires ≥90% case detection to combat tuberculosis (TB). Increased TB case detection requires a more sensitive and specific screening tool. Currently, the symptoms recommended for screening TB have been found to be suboptimal since up to 44% of individuals with TB are asymptomatic. The chest X-ray (CXR) as a screening tool for pulmonary TB was evaluated in this study, as well as its incremental yield in TB diagnosis using a cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of data of 4512 consented/assented participants ≥15 years who participated in the Uganda National TB prevalence survey between 2014 and 2015. Participants with a cough ≥2 weeks, fever, weight loss, and night sweats screened positive for TB using the symptoms screening method, while participants with a TB defining abnormality on CXR screened positive for TB by the CXR screening method. The Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) culture was used as a gold standard for TB diagnosis. The CXR had 93% sensitivity and 65% specificity compared to LJ culture results, while symptoms had 76% sensitivity and 31% specificity. The screening algorithm involving the CXR in addition to symptoms led to a 38% increment in the yield of diagnosed tuberculosis. The number needed to screen using the CXR and symptoms screening algorithm was 32 compared to 45 when the symptoms are used alone. Therefore, the CXR in combination with symptoms is a good TB screening tool and increases the yield of diagnosed TB.

scholarly journals Sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Behzadmehr ◽  
E. Nejadkehkha
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chest X Ray

Despite many advances in the diagnosis, screening, and rapid treatment of tuberculosis, it is still a public health concern in the world. Due to the importance of this issue in diagnosis and reduction of transmission of infection and treatment of the disease especially where this study is conducted due to the high prevalence of tuberculosis, this study was done to determine The relationship between sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a hospital in southeast of Iran. This cross-sectional study was performed on all patients with pulmonary TB referencing the health centers in Zabol city, southeast of Iran from 1 January 2015 to 30 December 2020. Sputum smear and radiographic findings of the chest X-ray were evaluated. Data was collected using a form of information and finally analyzed by SPSS 22. Out of 101 patients examined in the present study, 71 were women and 30 were men. The mean age of the patients was 62.68 ± 13.61 years. The frequency of opacity in patients with grades 1, 2, and 3 was 71.4, 78.5, and 76.5%, respectively. Frequency of cavitation in patients with Grade 1, 2 and 3 was 11.5%, 28.5% and 52.9% respectively (P value 0.001). The frequency of reticulonodular presentations in patients with grade 1, 2, and 3 was 24.2, 7.1, and 0%, respectively.  In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (1+, 2+, and 3+), the frequency of cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (, the frequency of Cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. The findings of the present study can help physicians better diagnose TB.

CLINICAL CORRELATION AND AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CHEST CT SCAN AND CHEST X-RAY FINDINGS IN TUBERCULIN-POSITIVE CHILDREN: A PROSPECTIVE CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

CHEST Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 40S
Author(s):  
Beverly D. Delacruz ◽  
Nerissa A. Deleon ◽  
Milagros S. Bautista ◽  
Fernando Ayuyao ◽  
Teresita Deguia
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

scholarly journals CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND CHEST X-RAY FINDINGS FOR EVALUATION OF CHEST X-RAY IN MANAGEMENT AND PREDICTION OF CLINICAL OUTCOME OF CONFIRM CASES OF COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1847-52
Author(s):  
Khawaja Muhammad Baqir Hassan ◽  
Tathir Baqir Hassan ◽  
Shakil Sarwar ◽  
Irfan Najam Sheen ◽  
Farrukh Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Objective: To study clinical symptoms and chest X-ray findings for evaluation of chest X-ray in management ofconfirmed cases of COVID-19 and predicting the clinical outcome. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The departments of Radiology & Medicine of Combined Military Hospital Malir,from Mar to May 2020. Methodology: The sample used in this study consists of 73 patients. All the standard frontal projections of chest X-ray of PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients were studied on computer and findings were noted Results: At the aggregate, the study indicates that there is no Significant Connection in between the clinicalsymptoms, their severity and chest X-ray findings. Conclusion: There is no significant connection found between the severity of clinical symptoms and chest X-rays suggesting that chest X-Ray cannot be a reliable indicator to predict the clinical outcome of the patient and has limited role in management of patient. Clinical assessment is still the main stay of the patient management.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Chest X-Ray in Patients With Suspected Infection and No Respiratory Signs or Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha F de Stoppelaar ◽  
Liza Pereverzeva ◽  
Bram Hafkamp ◽  
Nikki Lips ◽  
Floor Tielbeke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract Suspicion of an infection without localizing signs or symptoms is a common problem. A chest x-ray (CXR) is often performed to rule out pneumonia. Our prospective cross-sectional study suggests that a CXR has no diagnostic value in patients without respiratory signs or symptoms, if a reliable medical history can be obtained.

THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CONVENTIONAL TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE COMPARED WITH GENE X-PERT MTB/RIF: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
KETUT SURYANA ◽  
HAMONG SUHARSONO ◽  
IDA BAGUS NGURAH RAI
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the diagnostic value of conventional tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic procedure compared with Gene X-pert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from January to December 2018. The accuracy of conventional TB diagnostic procedure: TB screening, chest X-ray, and sputum Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining was compared to Gene X-pert MTB/RIF using 2 × 2 table. p < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. The collected data were processed using Statistical Package for the Social Science software version 26.0. Results: A total of 117 participants suspected TB was found 44 (37.60%) confirmed TB. Among the suspected TB cases, 86 (73.50%) were male and 31 (26.50%) were female with the mean age of 43.86±16.47 years. The sensitivity and specificity of TB screening (prolonged cough) were 84.00% and 12.00%, respectively. Chest X-ray had the sensitivity and specificity (91.00%) and (10.00%). The sensitivity and specificity of sputum ZN were 57.00% and 99.00%. Conclusions: Conventional TB diagnostic procedure has a high accuracy compared with Gene X-pert MTB/RIF. Therefore, it is still recommended as a TB diagnostic procedure routinely in era of Gene X-pert MTB/RIF, especially in Primary Health Care with limited settings.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of GeneXpert in tuberculosis–HIV co–infected patients at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southeastern Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0242205
Author(s):  
Abebe Sorsa ◽  
Muhammedawel Kaso
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Detection Rate

Background GeneXpert is a new introduction in the diagnostic modality to fight tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) under the program of intensified TB case finding. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of GeneXpert under the program of intensified TB cases finding among PLHIV. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting individuals attending an HIV clinic from February 2018 to January 2019. Data on clinical parameters were collected using a standardized tool. Two-morning sputum samples were collected and processed for smear microscopy and GeneXpert. SPSS 21 used for data analysis. Proportion, percentage, and mean with SD were used to describe variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess factors associated with the GeneXpert. Values for which the 95% CI interval not includes 1 and for which P<0.05 were considered significant. Result A total of 384 presumptive TB-HIV co-infection cases were included, of which 166 (43%) were diagnosed to have TB. Fifty-four (32.5%) TB cases were smear AFB positive while 79 (47.7%) TB cases were GeneXpert positive. The GeneXpert detection rate was almost two-fold of that of smear microscopy and all smear positive TB cases were detected by GeneXpert. Moreover, GeneXpert was able to detect an additional third of TB confirmed cases among smear AFB negative cases. Advanced stage of the disease, high viral load and presence of anemia were significantly associated with TB. The WHO TB screening tool remained least sensitive with the lowest positive predictive value. Conclusion GeneXpert demonstrated two-fold case detection rate compared to the sputum smear microscopy and additional third TB case detection rate among smear AFB negative cases. Clinical screening tool for evaluation of TB-HIV co-infection showed poor performance in TB case notification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document