Cell-Surface Properties of Enterotoxigenic and CytotoxicSalmonella enteritidisandSalmonella typhimurium: Studies on Hemagglutination, Cell-Surface Hydrophobicity, Attachment to Human Intestinal Cells and Fibronectin-Binding

Cell surface hydrophobicity is believed to be important to flocculation in activated sludge and biofilm systems. Optimization of these processes includes changes in the growth conditions of the bacteria. A number of factors influence cell surface hydrophobicity. The influence of oxygen on the cell surface hydrophobicity of 4 bacteria isolated from activated sludge was tested. The bacteria were grown in batch cultures with and without oxygen limitation. It was found that oxygen limitation generally caused a lowering of the cell surface hydrophobicity. The study also showed that there are many difficulties in measuring cell surface hydrophobicity since other cell surface properties, such as surface charge, influence the measurement methods. The MATH test was employed to establish how assay conditions influenced the results.

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Changes in Cell Surface Properties of Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli by Quercus infectoria G. Olivier

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-72.8.1699 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 72 (8) ◽

pp. 1699-1704 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

SUPAYANG PIYAWAN VORAVUTHIKUNCHAI ◽

SAKOL SUWALAK

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Cell Surface Properties ◽

E Coli ◽

Quercus Infectoria

The effects of Quercus infectoria (family Fagaceae) nutgalls on cell surface properties of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) were investigated with an assay of microbial adhesion to hydrocarbon. The surface of bacterial cells treated with Q. infectoria exhibited a higher level of cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) toward toluene than did the surface of untreated cells. With 50% ethanolic extract, the CSH of the three strains of STEC O157:H7 treated with 4× MIC of the extract resulted in moderate or strong hydrophobicity, whereas at 2× MIC and MIC, the CSH of only one strain of E. coli O157:H7 was significantly affected. The 95% ethanolic extract had a significant effect on CSH of all three strains at both 4× MIC and 2× MIC but not at the MIC. The effect on bacterial CSH was less pronounced with the other STEC strains. At 4× MIC, the 50% ethanolic extract increased the CSH of all non-O157 STEC strains significantly. At 2× MIC and 4× MIC, the 95% ethanolic extract affected the CSH of E. coli O26:H11 significantly but did not affect E. coli O111:NM or E. coli O22. Electron microscopic examination revealed the loss of pili in the treated cells. The ability of Q. infectoria extract to modify hydrophobic domains enables this extract to partition the lipids of the bacterial cell membrane, rendering the membrane more permeable and allowing leakage of ions and other cell contents, which leads to cell death. Further studies are required to evaluate the effects of Q. infectoria extract in food systems or in vivo and provide support for the use of this extract as a food additive for control of these STEC pathogens.

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Biofilm Formation and Cell Surface Properties among Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Strains of the Bacillus cereus Group

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00155-09 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (20) ◽

pp. 6616-6618 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Sandrine Auger ◽

Nalini Ramarao ◽

Christine Faille ◽

Agnès Fouet ◽

Stéphane Aymerich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Cells ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Bacillus Cereus Group ◽

Cell Surface Properties ◽

Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Biofilm formation by 102 Bacillus cereus and B. thuringiensis strains was determined. Strains isolated from soil or involved in digestive tract infections were efficient biofilm formers, whereas strains isolated from other diseases were poor biofilm formers. Cell surface hydrophobicity, the presence of an S layer, and adhesion to epithelial cells were also examined.

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SubMICs of penicillin and erythromycin enhance biofilm formation and hydrophobicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.052373-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 754-760 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. L. R. Gomes ◽

R. S. Peixoto ◽

E. A. B. Barbosa ◽

F. Napoleão ◽

P. S. Sabbadini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽

Surface Charges ◽

Bacterial Surface ◽

Bacterial Morphology

Subinhibitory concentrations (subMICs) of antibiotics may alter bacterial surface properties and change microbial physiology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a subMIC (⅛ MIC) of penicillin (PEN) and erythromycin (ERY) on bacterial morphology, haemagglutinating activity, cell-surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and biofilm formation on glass and polystyrene surfaces, as well as the distribution of cell-surface acidic anionic residues of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains (HC01 tox − strain; CDC-E8392 and 241 tox + strains). All micro-organisms tested were susceptible to PEN and ERY. Growth in the presence of PEN induced bacterial filamentation, whereas subMIC of ERY caused cell-size reduction of strains 241 and CDC-E8392. Adherence to human erythrocytes was reduced after growth in the presence of ERY, while CSH was increased by a subMIC of both antibiotics in bacterial adherence to n-hexadecane assays. Conversely, antibiotic inhibition of biofilm formation was not observed. All strains enhanced biofilm formation on glass after treatment with ERY, while only strain 241 increased glass adherence after cultivation in the presence of PEN. Biofilm production on polystyrene surfaces was improved by ⅛ MIC of ERY. After growth in the presence of both antimicrobial agents, strains 241 and CDC-E8392 exhibited anionic surface charges with focal distribution. In conclusion, subMICs of PEN and ERY modified bacterial surface properties and enhanced not only biofilm formation but also cell-surface hydrophobicity. Antibiotic-induced biofilm formation may contribute to the inconsistent success of antimicrobial therapy for C. diphtheriae infections.

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How Capsular Exopolysaccharides Affect Cell Surface Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8121904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1904

Author(s):

Carsten Nachtigall ◽

Cordula Vogel ◽

Harald Rohm ◽

Doris Jaros

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Textural Properties ◽

Fermented Foods ◽

Cell Surface Properties ◽

The Impact

Some lactic acid bacteria are able to produce exopolysaccharides that, based on localization, can be distinguished in free and capsular or cell-bound exopolysaccharides (CPS). Up to now, the former were the focus of current research, mainly because of the technofunctional benefits they exhibit on fermented dairy products. On the other hand, CPS affect the surface properties of bacteria cells and thus also the textural properties of fermented foods, but data are very scarce. As the cell surface properties are strongly strain dependent, we present a new approach to investigate the impact of CPS on cell surface hydrophobicity and moisture load. CPS positive and negative Streptococcus thermophilus and Weissella cibaria were subjected to ultrasonication suitable to detach CPS without cell damage. The success of the method was verified by scanning electron and light microscopy as well as by cultivation experiments. Before applying ultrasonication cells with CPS exhibiting an increased hydrophilic character, enhanced moisture load, and faster water adsorption compared to the cells after CPS removal, emphasizing the importance of CPS on the textural properties of fermented products. The ultrasonic treatment did not alter the cell surface properties of the CPS negative strains.

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Use of aqueous two-phase partition to detect cell surface changes during growth of Dictyostelium discoideum

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.75.1.339 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 339-346

Author(s):

P.T. Sharpe ◽

D.J. Watts

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Cell Fate ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Cell Density ◽

Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽

Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Two Phase ◽

Cell Surface Properties ◽

Surface Changes

Changes in the cell surface properties of amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum during growth in different culture conditions have been studied by aqueous two-phase partitioning on a thin-layer countercurrent distribution apparatus. Changes in cell surface properties were not dependent on the source of nutrients but only on cell density. There was a progressive increase in cell surface hydrophobicity with cell density in both axenic cultures and cultures grown with a bacterial substrate. It is proposed that it is these cell-density-related surface changes that account for the ability of amoebae grown in different conditions to sort out during subsequent development in a manner related to cell fate.

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Effect of Direct Electric Current on the Cell Surface Properties of Phenol-Degrading Bacteria

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.1.423-427.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 423-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Qishi Luo ◽

Hui Wang ◽

Xihui Zhang ◽

Yi Qian

Keyword(s):

Cell Surface ◽

Electric Current ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Surface Hydrophobicity ◽

Electrostatic Charge ◽

Surface Shape ◽

Exponential Growth Phase ◽

Electric Currents ◽

Cell Surface Properties ◽

Degrading Bacteria

ABSTRACT The change in cell surface properties in the presence of electric currents is of critical concern when the potential to manipulate bacterial movement with electric fields is evaluated. In this study, the effects of different direct electric currents on the cell surface properties involved in bacterial adhesion were investigated by using a mixed phenol-degrading bacterial culture in the exponential growth phase. The traits investigated were surface hydrophobicity (measured by adherence to n-octane), net surface electrostatic charge (determined by measurement of the zeta potential), and the cell surface shape and polymers (determined by scanning electron microscope analysis). The results showed that a lower current (less than 20 mA) induced no significant changes in the surface properties of phenol-degrading bacteria, that an electric current of 20 mA could increase the surface hydrophobicity and flatten the cell shape, and that a higher current (40 mA) could increase the surface extracellular substances and the net negative surface electrostatic charge. The results also revealed that the electric current effects on cell hydrophobicity varied with the suspending medium. We suggest that an electric current greater than 20 mA is not suitable for use in manipulation of the movement of the phenol-degrading bacteria, although such a current might favor the electrophoretic movement of the bacterial species.

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