The effect of a propionic acid bacterial inoculant applied at ensiling, with or without lactic acid bacteria, on the aerobic stability of pearl millet and maize silages

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of ensiling on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of a total mixed ration (TMR) containing wet brewers’ grains and corn straw. During the ensiling period, pH fell dramatically from 6.00 to 3.92 at the initial 3 days, then it maintained relatively stable. Lactic acid concentration firstly increased rapidly then it became slowly to reach 3.21% at day 28 post-ensiling. No propionic acid or butyric acid was observed throughout the ensiling. When exposed to air, the temperature of TMR increased quickly to reach a maximum of about 45°C at the 6-day, then it tended to decline until day 9. Later, it had another relative low peak at the 10-day, then it dropped slowly to be equal to air temperature. For TMR silage, no heat production or mold were detected in the entire period. In addition, during the days of exposure, the pH for TMR varied from 6.0-8.7, while TMR silages had no significant differences (3.86 to 3.87). The number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for the TMR decreased from the initial 3.2×103cfu g-1to below detectable levels and yeast counts increased by 1000 times. However, the TMR silage had no significant change in LAB and yeast counts. These results indicated that the TMR silage showed great quality and aerobic stability. Overall, fermentation plays an important part in helping total mixed ration silage forming a good aerobic stability.

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Effect of 11CFT and 11C33 inoculants on the chemical and fermentation composition, and aerobic stability of corn silage during the feed out period

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n1p395 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 395-410

Author(s):

Tânia Mara Becher Ribas ◽

◽

Mikael Neumann ◽

Egon Henrique Horst ◽

Fernando Braga Cristo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Bacterial Inoculants ◽

Aerobic Stability

The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of two bacterial inoculants, 11CFT and 11C33, with different genera of lactic acid bacteria on the chemical and fermentation composition of the silage, and the temperature and pH behavior of the silage during the feed out period. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three treatments: corn silage without inoculant (control); corn silage with 11CFT inoculant (consisting of strains of Lactobacillus buchneri and L. casei); and corn silage with 11C33 inoculant (consisting of strains of L. buchneri, L. plantarum and Enterococcus faecium). The use of both inoculants increased the concentration of lactic acid in the silage (22.42 g kg-1 for control against 36.00 and 33.33 g kg-1 for 11CFT and 11C33, respectively) and reduced aerobic dry matter losses. The silage treated with 11C33 obtained a higher concentration of acetic acid (17.44 g kg-1) and propionic acid (2.08 g kg-1). The 11CFT inoculant provided a lower concentration of ethanol, however, without differing from the silage with 11C33 (0.70 and 1.61 g kg-1, respectively). Even without variations in temperature and pH at silage unloading, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acid, providing better aerobic stability days after unloading. Both inoculants also improved the in situ ruminal digestibility of corn silage compared to control silage. They provide an increase in the content of lactic and propionic acids, which assist to reduce dry matter losses and ethanol production. There were no variations in temperature and pH at the silo unloading, however, the use of the 11C33 inoculant generated a higher concentration of acetic and propionic acids providing better aerobic stability after exposure to air.

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Effect of applying lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of oats-common vetch mixed silage on the Tibetan plateau

Animal Science Journal ◽

10.1111/asj.12340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 595-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jie Zhang ◽

Gang Guo ◽

Lei Chen ◽

Junfeng Li ◽

Xianjun Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Common Vetch ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Fermentation Quality

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Fermentation quality and aerobic stability of mulberry silage prepared with lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid

Animal Science Journal ◽

10.1111/asj.13181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 513-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ying‐Chao Zhang ◽

Dong‐Xia Li ◽

Xue‐Kai Wang ◽

Yan‐Li Lin ◽

Qing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Fermentation Quality

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Effects of applying lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro gas production of forage-based total mixed ration silage in Tibet

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 376 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Chen ◽

X. J. Yuan ◽

J. F. Li ◽

Z. H. Dong ◽

S. R. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Gas Production ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Experimental Treatments

Total mixed ration (TMR) silage technology has been practically used to feed ruminants in Tibet. This study was conducted on forage-based TMR to evaluate the effects of supplementing lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on its fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability and in vitro gas production kinetics and digestibility. Experimental treatments included four variants: (1) TMR supplemented with 10 mL deionised water per kilogram fresh matter (Control); (2) TMR supplemented with 1 × 106 cfu/g Lactobacillus plantarum (L); (3) TMR supplemented with 0.3% propionic acid (P); (4) TMR supplemented with a combination of 1 × 106 cfu/g Lactobacillus plantarum and 0.3% propionic acid (LP). The latter three additives were first dissolved in deionised water and then applied as a water solution (10 mL/kg fresh matter). All treatments were ensiled in laboratory-scale silos for 45 days, and then exposed to air for 12 days to evaluate the aerobic stability of TMR silage. Further, the four experimental treatments were fermented with buffered rumen fluid to measure in vitro gas production and nutrients’ digestibility. The results indicated that all TMR silages possessed good fermentation characteristics with low pH values (<4.18) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) contents (<100 g/kg total nitrogen), and high lactic acid contents (>66 g/kg DM) and Flieg points (>80). The addition of L and LP stimulated a more efficient homofermentation of TMR silage than in the variant without L, as evidenced by higher ratios of lactic:acetic acid. The addition of P had no effect (P > 0.05) on lactic acid production of TMR silage compared with the Control, whereas it decreased NH3-N content (P < 0.05). Under aerobic conditions, L silage showed less aerobic stability compared with the Control silage, whereas P and LP silages were more (P < 0.05) aerobically stable. Compared with the Control, all additives elevated (P < 0.05) the total gas production and in vitro dry matter digestibility of TMR silages. L silage had a higher (P < 0.05) in vitro neutral detergent fibre digestibility than the Control silage. Data obtained from this study suggested that TMR silage based on oat and common vetch can be well conserved with or without additives. Lactic acid bacteria were compatible with propionic acid, and addition of lactic acid bacteria together with propionic acid can improve the fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro dry matter digestibility of TMR silage.

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Ability of Selected Lactic Acid Bacteria to Ferment a Pearl Millet-Soybean Slurry to Produce Gruels for Complementary Foods for Young Children

Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01640.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. M261-M269 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Laurencia T. Songré-Ouattara ◽

Claire Mouquet-Rivier ◽

Christèle Humblot ◽

Isabelle Rochette ◽

Bréhima Diawara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Young Children ◽

Pearl Millet ◽

Complementary Foods

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A meta‐analysis examining lactic acid bacteria inoculants for maize silage: Effects on fermentation, aerobic stability, nutritive value and livestock production

Grass and Forage Science ◽

10.1111/gfs.12452 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 596-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alexandre Bernardi ◽

Carla J. Härter ◽

Antonio W. L. Silva ◽

Ricardo A. Reis ◽

Carlos H. S. Rabelo

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Maize Silage ◽

Aerobic Stability

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Additive Type Affects Fermentation, Aerobic Stability and Mycotoxin Formation during Air Exposure of Early-Cut Rye (Secale cereale L.) Silage

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10091432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1432

Author(s):

Horst Auerbach ◽

Peter Theobald

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Potassium Sorbate ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Air Exposure ◽

Carbohydrate Concentration ◽

Aerobic Stability ◽

Silage Production

Whole-crop rye harvested before maturity represents a valuable forage for silage production. Due to the scarcity of data on fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability (ASTA) and the lack of information on mycotoxin formation during aeration of early-cut rye (ECR) silage after silo opening, we evaluated the effects of different additive types and compositions. Wilted forage was treated with various biological and chemical additives, ensiled in 1.5-L glass jars and stored for 64 days. Fermentation pattern, yeast and mould counts and ASTA were determined at silo opening. In total 34 mycotoxins were analysed in wilted forage and in silage before and after 240 h of air exposure. Chemical additives caused the lowest dry matter (DM) losses during fermentation accompanied with the lowest ethanol production and the highest water-soluble carbohydrate concentration. Aerobic deterioration, which started within two days after silo opening in silage left untreated and inoculated with homofermentative lactic acid bacteria, was prevented by the combined use of hetero- and homofermentative lactic acid bacteria and the chemical additive containing sodium nitrite, hexamethylene tetramine and potassium sorbate. Moreover, these two additives largely restricted the formation of the mycotoxin roquefortine C to < 0.05 mg kg−1 DM after aeration, whereas untreated silage contained 85.2 mg kg−1 DM.

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