scholarly journals An idealized model for tree–grass coexistence in savannas: the role of life stage structure and fire disturbances

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Baudena ◽  
Fabio D’Andrea ◽  
A. Provenzale
Keyword(s):  
Life Stage ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Idealized Model ◽  
Fire Disturbances

‘And all my children?’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Scott
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cultural Imagination ◽  
Modern Period

Beginning with an exploration of the role of the child in the cultural imagination, Chapter 1 establishes the formative and revealing ways in which societies identify themselves in relation to how they treat their children. Focusing on Shakespeare and the early modern period, Chapter 1 sets out to determine the emotional, symbolic, and political registers through which children are depicted and discussed. Attending to the different life stages and representations of the child on stage, this chapter sets out the terms of the book’s enquiry: what role do children play in Shakespeare’s plays; how do we recognize them as such—age, status, parental dynamic—and what are the effects of their presence? This chapter focuses on how the early moderns understood the child, as a symbolic figure, a life stage, a form of obligation, a profound bond, and an image of servitude.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Extreme Stratospheric Negative Heat Flux Events in an Idealized Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 3521-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Dunn-Sigouin ◽  
Tiffany Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Wave Interaction ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Flow Mechanism ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Idealized Model

Recent work has shown that extreme stratospheric wave-1 negative heat flux events couple with the troposphere via an anomalous wave-1 signal. Here, a dry dynamical core model is used to investigate the dynamical mechanisms underlying the events. Ensemble spectral nudging experiments are used to isolate the role of specific dynamical components: 1) the wave-1 precursor, 2) the stratospheric zonal-mean flow, and 3) the higher-order wavenumbers. The negative events are partially reproduced when nudging the wave-1 precursor and the zonal-mean flow whereas they are not reproduced when nudging either separately. Nudging the wave-1 precursor and the higher-order wavenumbers reproduces the events, including the evolution of the stratospheric zonal-mean flow. Mechanism denial experiments, whereby one component is fixed to the climatology and others are nudged to the event evolution, suggest higher-order wavenumbers play a role by modifying the zonal-mean flow and through stratospheric wave–wave interaction. Nudging all tropospheric wave precursors (wave-1 and higher-order wavenumbers) confirms they are the source of the stratospheric waves. Nudging all stratospheric waves reproduces the tropospheric wave-1 signal. Taken together, the experiments suggest the events are consistent with downward wave propagation from the stratosphere to the troposphere and highlight the key role of higher-order wavenumbers.

Development of a Young Man with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Secondary Functional Encopresis

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan P.C. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Personality Development ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Eclectic Approach ◽  
Physical Abilities

A case review of a twenty-two year old man suffering from Prader-Willi Syndrome, Secondary Functional Encopresis, mental retardation and aggressive behaviour is presented. Emphasis is made in assessing this man from various developmental perspectives. This includes: personality development, cognitive development, physical abilities, sexual development and family life stage. The role of a psychiatrist in treating this complex problem is established. An eclectic approach to treatment is reviewed using many therapeutic modalities found effective with the mentally handicapped. These modalities include: group therapy, play therapy, individual psychotherapy, behavioural therapy, family therapy, and use of medication. A literature review of Prader-Willi Syndrome is included.

Role of informal institutions in biodiversity conservation: Perspective of the Santhal tribe of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Edwin Murmu ◽  
◽  
Bhupendra Singh Adhikari ◽  
Harsh Bardhan Vashistha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Informal Institution ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

The study provides insights into the role of an informal institution of the Santhal tribe of India in the conservation of biodiversity. The data has been collected from 124 Santhal key informants from six tribal districts from the states of Jharkhand (Dumka, Pakur and Sahibganj) and West Bengal (Birbhum, Bankura and West Medinipur) through the methods of stratified sampling, chain-referrals, personal interactions, and focussed group discussions. The taboos associated with biodiversity conservation have been categorized into six categories such as segment taboo, specific-species taboo, life-stage taboo, temporal taboo, habitat taboo and method taboo.

Introduction to Special Issue Financial and life instability: Obstacles to and opportunities for emerging adult development and future well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Margherita Lanz ◽  
Joyce Serido
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Special Issue

Current global economic instability has exacerbated the challenges of contemporary emerging adulthood and increased the urgency of examining financial instability as a life condition during this life stage. For this special issue, we assembled eight papers from different countries to examine how emerging adults are navigating financial instability. In the current introduction to the special issue, we identified the main themes that emerged from the collected studies: the role of family, emerging adults’ financial self-agency, financial disruptions and wellbeing, and the processes linking financial factors and positive development. Overall, these studies demonstrate that while the overall processes linking finances and development may be similar in different nations, the specificity of each context highlights the need to consider the important role of cultural norms and attitudes. We conclude this introduction, suggesting future research paths and implications for educators and practitioners that provide financial educators programs.

Stages in the Role Cycle of Pastoral Counseling

1982 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-104
Author(s):  
Robert L. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Counseling ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Pastoral Counselor ◽  
Stage Theory ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Counselor Role ◽  
The Individual

Contends that there is a role of pastoral counseling which moves through a cycle with discernable stages. These role cycle stages are independent of any particular life stage the individual pastoral counselor may be passing through and may be traversed at any age of adulthood. The stages identified are: pastoral counselor role acquisition; pastoral counseling role performance; pastoral counselor's role assessment; and pastoral counseling role restructuring or rejection. Concludes with a brief statement of implications of a role stage theory.

scholarly journals Divergence of chemosensing during the early stages of speciation

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (28) ◽  
pp. 16438-16447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas van Schooten ◽  
Jesyka Meléndez-Rosa ◽  
Steven M. Van Belleghem ◽  
Chris D. Jiggins ◽  
John D. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Mate Finding ◽  
Strong Candidate ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Heliconius Cydno

Chemosensory communication is essential to insect biology, playing indispensable roles during mate-finding, foraging, and oviposition behaviors. These traits are particularly important during speciation, where chemical perception may serve to establish species barriers. However, identifying genes associated with such complex behavioral traits remains a significant challenge. Through a combination of transcriptomic and genomic approaches, we characterize the genetic architecture of chemoperception and the role of chemosensing during speciation for a young species pair ofHeliconiusbutterflies,Heliconius melpomeneandHeliconius cydno. We provide a detailed description of chemosensory gene-expression profiles as they relate to sensory tissue (antennae, legs, and mouthparts), sex (male and female), and life stage (unmated and mated female butterflies). Our results untangle the potential role of chemical communication in establishing barriers during speciation and identify strong candidate genes for mate and host plant choice behaviors. Of the 252 chemosensory genes,HmOBP20(involved in volatile detection) andHmGr56(a putative synephrine-related receptor) emerge as strong candidates for divergence in pheromone detection and host plant discrimination, respectively. These two genes are not physically linked to wing-color pattern loci or other genomic regions associated with visual mate preference. Altogether, our results provide evidence for chemosensory divergence betweenH. melpomeneandH. cydno, two rarely hybridizing butterflies with distinct mate and host plant preferences, a finding that supports a polygenic architecture of species boundaries.

scholarly journals The role of carbon dioxide in nematode behaviour and physiology

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navonil Banerjee ◽  
Elissa A. Hallem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensory Cue ◽  
Context Dependent

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) is an important sensory cue for many animals, including both parasitic and free-living nematodes. Many nematodes show context-dependent, experience-dependent and/or life-stage-dependent behavioural responses to CO2, suggesting that CO2 plays crucial roles throughout the nematode life cycle in multiple ethological contexts. Nematodes also show a wide range of physiological responses to CO2. Here, we review the diverse responses of parasitic and free-living nematodes to CO2. We also discuss the molecular, cellular and neural circuit mechanisms that mediate CO2 detection in nematodes, and that drive context-dependent and experience-dependent responses of nematodes to CO2.

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