The Intracellular Location of Abscisic Acid in Stressed and Non-Stressed Leaf Tissue

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. LOVEYS
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Intracellular Location ◽  
Stressed Leaf

Cytokinins and abscisic acid in hardening winter wheat

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1597-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Taylor ◽  
Munjeet K. Bhalla ◽  
J. Mason Robertson ◽  
Lu J. Piening
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Freeze Dried

During overwintering in a northern climate, winter wheat goes through a hardening process, followed by dehardening in late winter – early spring. This sequence of events may be partially controlled by changes in endogenous hormone levels. Crowns and leaf tissue from field grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norstar) seeded at the beginning of September were collected and freeze-dried at monthly intervals during the winters of 1985–1986 and 1986–1987. Material was also sampled and freeze-dried from seedlings grown in a growth chamber under hardening conditions (21 °C for 2 weeks plus 3 °C for 6 weeks) or nonhardening conditions (3 weeks at 21 °C). The tissues were analysed for cytokinins and abscisic acid. Cytokinin levels, measured with the soybean hypocotyl section assay, declined from October onwards and then rose to a peak in late winter (January and February, winter 1986–1987; February and March, winter 1985–1986), subsequently declining again. Abscisic acid, quantitated as the methyl ester by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector, increased in level from October to December, then decreased to a relatively low level between January and March. Hardened seedlings from the growth chamber contained significantly higher abscisic acid levels and significantly lower cytokinin levels than did the nonhardened seedlings. Key words: abscisic acid, cytokinins, hardening, Triticum aestivum, winter wheat.

Uptake of 2-[14C]abscisic acid by senescing leaf tissue of radish, Raphanus sativus L.

Planta ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Colquhoun ◽  
John R. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Senescing Leaf

Quantification of Abscisic Acid in Wheat Leaf Tissue by Direct Enzyme Immunoassay

Crop Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1185-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Tahara ◽  
Arron C. Guenzi ◽  
John J. Read ◽  
Brett F. Carver ◽  
Richard C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Wheat Leaf

Intracellular location of isocitrate lyase in leaf tissue

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Hunt ◽  
John Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Isocitrate Lyase ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Intracellular Location

A rapid effect of applied brassinolide on abscisic acid concentrations in Brassica napus leaf tissue subjected to short-term heat stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid V. Kurepin ◽  
Mirwais M. Qaderi ◽  
Thomas G. Back ◽  
David M. Reid ◽  
Richard P. Pharis
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rapid Effect

Endogenous biosynthetic precursors of (+)-abscisic acid. VI. Carotenoids and ABA are formed by the ‘non-mevalonate’ triose-pyruvate pathway in chloroplasts

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.V. Milborrow ◽  
H.-S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Isopentenyl Diphosphate ◽  
Free System ◽  
Cell Free System ◽  
Avocado Fruit ◽  
Intact Chloroplasts ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Spinach Leaf ◽  
Leaf Protoplasts

A cell-free system from avocado fruit which routinely incorporated [14C]mevalonate into ABA (1000 dpm per 5 mL of preparation), and into carotenoids, has now been shown to incorporate [14C]pyruvate even more successfully (1620 dpm). Intact chloroplasts from spinach leaf protoplasts incorporated 2990 dpm of [14C]pyruvate (from 2 x 106 dpm) into ABA compared with 990 dpm from [3-R-5-14C]mevalonate (also from 2 x 106 dpm). The intact chloroplasts also produced [14C]ABA (1575 dpm) when supplied with [14C]isopentenyl diphosphate. This result establishes that the whole pathway of biosynthesis of ABA can occur within chloroplasts. Little [14C]acetate or [14C]alanine was incorporated into ABA by avocado fruit mesocarp. Most of the ABA in leaf tissue now appears to be formed by the triose-pyruvate pathway in chloroplasts and incorporation of [14C]mevalonate occurs after activation in the cytoplasm and importation of a later intermediate into the plastids.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF ABSCISIC ACID ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF STAGE III ROOTING ARONIA ARBUTIFOLIA (ROSACEAE)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1137f-1137
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Colon ◽  
Mike Kane ◽  
Dewayne Ingram ◽  
Hilton Biggs
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Root Primordia ◽  
Woody Plant Medium ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Differences

Stage 2 micropropagules were transferred into woody plant medium supplemented with either 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 mg/L ABA (Abscisic acid) and with or without 1 mg/L IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid), Significant decreases in total dry weight and shoot length were observed at 1, 10 and 100 mg/L of ABA regardless of IBA concentration, Leaf area was significantly reduced in all treatments by increasing ABA levels. In the absence of IBA no callus formed but lateral roots developed. Another experiment using ABA levels of 0, 0.1, 0.5 and 0, 1 mg/L IBA was conducted. Total number of roots decreased with increasing ABA levels. Adventitious roots which formed on the stem and roots originating from root primordia were observed in all ABA levels with IBA, Callus did not form in the treatments lacking IBA. Scanning electron microscopy was used to document morphological differences due to ABA, Abscisic acid levels in leaf tissue were assayed using immunological techniques.

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Increases Carotenoid and Chlorophyll Concentrations in Leaves and Fruit of Two Tomato Genotypes

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Casey Barickman ◽  
Dean A. Kopsell ◽  
Carl E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fruit Tissue ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Β Carotene

One important regulator that coordinates response to environmental stress is the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), which is synthesized from xanthophyll pigments. Despite the fact that there is strong evidence of increases in ABA concentrations under various environmental stresses, information concerning the effects of exogenous ABA applications on leaf pigments and fruit carotenoids in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is lacking. This study investigated the impacts of root tissue ABA applications on tomato leaf and fruit pigmentation concentrations of ‘MicroTina’ and ‘MicroGold’ tomato plants. Tomato plants were treated with increasing concentrations of ABA in the nutrient solution. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine dose–response effects of ABA treatment in solution culture for maximum leaf pigmentation and fruit carotenoids in two distinct genotypes of dwarf tomato. Because ABA is a product of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, we hypothesized that applications of ABA treatments would have a positive impact on leaf chlorophylls and carotenoids. Applications of ABA treatments may also have a positive impact on tomato fruit carotenoids. The results indicated that ‘MicroTina’ plants treated with ABA (0.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg·L−1) had a significant increase in β-carotene [BC (P ≤ 0.001)], lutein [LUT (P ≤ 0.001)], zeaxanthin [ZEA (P ≤ 0.05)], and neoxanthin [NEO (P ≤ 0.001)] in the leaf tissue. In ‘MicroGold’ tomato plants, carotenoids responded similarly. For example, there were significant increases in BC (P ≤ 0.01), LUT (P ≤ 0.001), ZEA (P ≤ 0.05), and NEO (P ≤ 0.001). In ‘MicroTina’ tomato leaves, there were significant increases in chlorophyll a [Chl a (P ≤ 0.001)] and chlorophyll b [Chl b (P ≤ 0.001)] concentrations. Furthermore, there were significant increases in Chl a (P ≤ 0.001) and Chl b (P ≤ 0.001) in ‘MicroGold’ leaf tissue. In ‘MicroTina’ tomato fruit tissue, the concentration increased significantly for lycopene [LYCO (P ≤ 0.01)]. However, in ‘MicroGold’, there were no significant changes in BC and LUT concentrations. In addition, LYCO was found to be below detection limits in ‘MicroGold’ tomato fruit. Therefore, ABA has been shown to positively change tomato leaf pigments in both genotypes and fruit tissue carotenoid concentrations in ‘MicroTina’ tomato.

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