The transgene pyramiding tobacco with betaine synthesis and heterologous expression ofAtNHX1is more tolerant to salt stress than either of the tobacco lines with betaine synthesis orAtNHX1

2009 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoGuang Duan ◽  
YingJie Song ◽  
AiFang Yang ◽  
JuRen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Transgene Pyramiding

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of Transcription Factor AtWRKY57 Alleviates Salt Stress-Induced Oxidative Damage

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-218
Author(s):  
Wei Tang
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors

Background:WRKY transcription factors play important roles in the responses to abiotic stresses, seed dormancy, seed germination, developmental processes, secondary metabolism, and senescence in plants. However, molecular mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors-related abiotic stress tolerance have not been fully understood.Methods:In this investigation, transcription factor AtWRKY57 was introduced into cell lines of rice (Oryza sativaL.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and white pine (Pinus strobesL.) for characterization of its function in salt stress tolerance. The purpose of this investigation is to examine the function of AtWRKY in a broad sample of plant species including monocotyledons, dicotyledons, and gymnosperms.Results:The experimental results demonstrated that heterologous expression of transcription factor AtWRKY57 improves salt stress tolerance by decreasing Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS), increasing Ascorbate Peroxidase (APOX) and Catalase (CAT) activity under salt stress. In rice, overexpression of transcription factor AtWRKY57 enhances expression of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase genesOsCPk6andOsCPk19to counteract salt stress.Conclusion:These results indicated that transcription factor AtWRKY57 might have practical application in genetic engineering of plant salt tolerance throughout the plant kingdom.

scholarly journals Isolation and Functional Characterization of a Salt-Responsive Calmodulin-Like Gene MpCML40 from Semi-Mangrove Millettia pinnata

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3475
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Jianzi Huang ◽  
Qiongzhao Hou ◽  
Yujuan Liu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Millettia Pinnata

Salt stress is a major increasing threat to global agriculture. Pongamia (Millettia pinnata), a semi-mangrove, is a good model to study the molecular mechanism of plant adaptation to the saline environment. Calcium signaling pathways play critical roles in the model plants such as Arabidopsis in responding to salt stress, but little is known about their function in Pongamia. Here, we have isolated and characterized a salt-responsive MpCML40, a calmodulin-like (CML) gene from Pongamia. MpCML40 protein has 140 amino acids and is homologous with Arabidopsis AtCML40. MpCML40 contains four EF-hand motifs and a bipartite NLS (Nuclear Localization Signal) and localizes both at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. MpCML40 was highly induced after salt treatment, especially in Pongamia roots. Heterologous expression of MpCML40 in yeast cells improved their salt tolerance. The 35S::MpCML40 transgenic Arabidopsis highly enhanced seed germination rate and root length under salt and osmotic stresses. The transgenic plants had a higher level of proline and a lower level of MDA (malondialdehyde) under normal and stress conditions, which suggested that heterologous expression of MpCML40 contributed to proline accumulation to improve salt tolerance and protect plants from the ROS (reactive oxygen species) destructive effects. Furthermore, we did not observe any measurable discrepancies in the development and growth between the transgenic plants and wild-type plants under normal growth conditions. Our results suggest that MpCML40 is an important positive regulator in response to salt stress and of potential application in producing salt-tolerant crops.

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of the Melatonin-Related Gene HIOMT Improves Salt Tolerance in Malus domestica

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12425
Author(s):  
Kexin Tan ◽  
Jiangzhu Zheng ◽  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Xianghan Liu ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Melatonin Synthesis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Melatonin, a widely known indoleamine molecule that mediates various animal and plant physiological processes, is formed from N-acetyl serotonin via N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT). ASMT is an enzyme that catalyzes melatonin synthesis in plants in the rate-determining step and is homologous to hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) melatonin synthase in animals. To date, little is known about the effect of HIOMT on salinity in apple plants. Here, we explored the melatonin physiological function in the salinity condition response by heterologous expressing the homologous human HIOMT gene in apple plants. We discovered that the expression of melatonin-related gene (MdASMT) in apple plants was induced by salinity. Most notably, compared with the wild type, three transgenic lines indicated higher melatonin levels, and the heterologous expression of HIOMT enhanced the expression of melatonin synthesis genes. The transgenic lines showed reduced salt damage symptoms, lower relative electrolyte leakage, and less total chlorophyll loss from leaves under salt stress. Meanwhile, through enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes, transgenic lines decreased the reactive oxygen species accumulation, downregulated the expression of the abscisic acid synthesis gene (MdNCED3), accordingly reducing the accumulation of abscisic acid under salt stress. Both mechanisms regulated morphological changes in the stomata synergistically, thereby mitigating damage to the plants’ photosynthetic ability. In addition, transgenic plants also effectively stabilized their ion balance, raised the expression of salt stress–related genes, as well as alleviated osmotic stress through changes in amino acid metabolism. In summary, heterologous expression of HIOMT improved the adaptation of apple leaves to salt stress, primarily by increasing melatonin concentration, maintaining a high photosynthetic capacity, reducing reactive oxygen species accumulation, and maintaining normal ion homeostasis.

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of ZmNF-YA12 Confers Tolerance to Drought and Salt Stress in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongtong Zhang ◽  
Dengyu Zheng ◽  
Chun Zhang ◽  
Zhongyi Wu ◽  
Rong Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Drought And Salt Stress ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Peg Treatment ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Drought And Salt Stresses

Abstract Drought and salinity are serious environmental factors limiting the growth and productivity of plants worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to develop ways to improve drought and salinity stress tolerance in plants. In this study, a drought-responsive nuclear factor Y subunit A gene, ZmNF-YA12, was cloned from maize. qPCR revealed ZmNF-YA12 transcript in all vegetative and reproductive tissues, with higher levels in young roots. Expression analyses of maize revealed that ZmNF-YA12 was induced by abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), and abiotic stresses, including dehydration, high salinity, cold, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. The heterologous expression of ZmNF-YA12 in Arabidopsis plants resulted in increased root length and better plant growth than in wild-type (WT) plants under conditions of mannitol, salt, and JA stress on 1/2 MS medium. Transgenic Arabidopsis showed improved tolerance to drought and salt stresses in soil, and higher proline content and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content than WT controls. The transgenic plants also maintained higher peroxidase (POD) activities than WT plants under conditions of NaCl stress. A yeast two-hybrid experiment demonstrated that ZmNF-YA12 interacted with ZmNF-YC1 and ZmNF-YC15. Moreover, the transcript levels of stress-responsive genes (RD29A, RD29B, RAB18, and RD22) were markedly increased in transgenic lines under conditions of drought and salt stress. These observations suggested that the ZmNF-YA12 gene confers drought and salt stress tolerance, and has potential applications in molecular breeding with maintenance of production under conditions of stress.

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