Phylogeny of Dicranophoridae (Rotifera: Monogononta) - a maximum parsimony analysis based on morphological characters

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Riemann ◽  
A. Kieneke ◽  
W. H. Ahlrichs
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis

Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Papuan weevil genus Thyestetha Pascoe (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Cryptorhynchinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3355 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONAS EBERLE ◽  
RENE TÄNZLER ◽  
ALEXANDER RIEDEL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis

Thyestetha Pascoe, an apterous genus of Papuan Cryptorhynchinae is revised. It contains two previously describedspecies, T. carbonaria Faust and T. nitida Pascoe, plus seven new species: T. discolor sp. n., T. emarginata sp. n.,T. glabra sp. n., T. lubrica sp. n., T. oblita sp. n., T. puncticollis sp. n., and T. splendens sp. n.. Lectotypes are designatedfor T. carbonaria, T. nitida, and Pantoxistus rubripennis Chevrolat which is a junior synonym of T. nitida (syn. n.). Thegenus and its species are described and the characters relevant for their identification are illustrated. A key to the speciesis provided. Phylogenetic analyses are performed, utilizing molecular and morphological approaches. A maximumlikelihood tree including 5 Thyestetha species and 2 outgroups is presented, based on 3 mitochondrial and 4 nuclearmarkers. A maximum parsimony analysis of 19 morphological characters includes all described species. Thyestetha ispresumably closely related to Telaugia Pascoe and Elichora Pascoe. The group is restricted to New Guinea and some smaller neighboring islands.

scholarly journals Further dismemberment of Discocyrtus with description of a new Amazonian genus and a new subfamily of Gonyleptidae (Opiliones, Laniatores)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Carvalho ◽  
Adriano Kury
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Type Species ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
New Records ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Ventral Plate ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Brazilian State

A group of Amazonian harvestmen is recognized and described as Amazochroma gen. nov. This taxon includes Discocyrtus carvalhoi Mello-Leitão, 1941 (type species), the only species of Discocyrtus previously thought to occur in Amazonia, and Amazochroma pedroi gen. et sp. nov., described here from the Brazilian states of Acre and Rondônia. New records are added for Amazochroma carvalhoi gen. et comb. nov, expanding its distribution from the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso northwards also to Pará and Amazonas in Brazil and additionally French Guiana and Suriname. Diagnostic features of Amazochroma gen. nov. include: trichromatic pattern of legs, dry marks on the dorsal scutum and base of legs and diastema in the row of macrosetae C of the penis ventral plate. A morphological maximum parsimony analysis (1022 scorings; 16 taxa; 64 characters) is performed to test whether Amazochroma gen. nov. is a member of Discocyrtus and if the traditional allocation of Discocyrtus in Pachylinae is defendable. A clade is retrieved containing three groups: (1) Mitobatinae, (2) Discocyrtus and (3) a clade containing Amazochroma gen. nov., Discocyrtanus and Roeweria, here described as a new subfamily of Gonyleptidae – Roeweriinae subfam. nov. Discocyrtanus Roewer, 1929 and Roeweria Mello-Leitão, 1923 are accordingly here transferred from Pachylinae to Roeweriinae subfam. nov.

Notes on Indian species of Calvatia and Langermannia including Calvatia natarajanii sp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
SENTHILARASU GUNASEKARAN ◽  
RAVINDRAN CHINNARAJAN ◽  
ANJALI PARASNIS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Yellowish White

A new species, Calvatia natarajanii, is presented as well as brief notes on the distribution of Calvatia sensu stricto and Langermannia in India. Calvatia natarajanii is distinguished by basidiomes having yellowish white to orange-white exoperidium, brownish orange to grayish red, persistent endoperidium, grayish orange to brownish orange cottony gleba, persistent cellular subgleba and globose to subglobose, echinulate basidiospores. It is described, illustrated and compared with the closely related taxa C. cyathiformis, C. fragilis, C. rugosa, C. aff. rugosa, C. pyriformis, C. vinosa and C. rosacea. Maximum Parsimony analysis based on ITS sequences confirmed that C. natarajanii is closely related to C. fragilis and distinct from other morphologically similar species. In addition, a key to the species of Calvatia and Langermannia recorded in India is presented. Four species recognized under Calvatia are excluded from the key since their transfer to Lycoperdon.

scholarly journals Soil-dwelling polychaetes: enigmatic as ever? Some hints on their phylogenetic relationships as suggested by a maximum parsimony analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Rota ◽  
Patrick Martin ◽  
Christer Erséus
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Rdna Sequences

To re-evaluate the various hypotheses on the systematic position of Parergodrilus heideri Reisinger, 1925 and Hrabeiella periglandulata Pizl & Chalupský, 1984, the sole truly terrestrial non-clitellate annelids known to date, their phylogenetic relationships were investigated using a data set of new 18S rDNA sequences of these and other five relevant annelid taxa, including an unknown species of Ctenodrilidae, as well as homologous sequences already available for 18 polychaetes, one aphanoneuran, 11 clitellates, two pogonophorans, one echiuran, one sipunculan, three molluscs and two arthropods. Two different alignments were constructed, according to an algorithmic method (Clustal W) and on the basis of a secondary structure model (DCSE), A maximum parsimony analysis was performed with arthropods as an unambiguous outgroup. With both alignments, the resulting topology confirms the validity of grouping P. heideri and Stygocapitella subterranean Knöllner, 1934 into the family Parergodrilidae. Hrabeiella periglandulata never clusters with them and its position relative to this and other polychaete families is still obscure, but a close relationship with aphanoneurans is suggested by the most parsimonious trees. All these taxa appear to be far from the Clitellata. Most relationships among polychaetes are not supported by significant bootstrap and Bremer values. These polytomies are corroborated by independent evidence and are interpreted as resulting from an ancient emergence and a rapid radiation of Polychaeta.

A reapprisal of Barsboldia sicinskii (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Prieto-Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Central Plate

The taxonomy and phylogenetic position of the hadrosaurid dinosaur Barsboldia sicinskii is revised. This species is rediagnosed based on the unique combination of iliac central plate with depth/length ratio less than 0.8 and sacral vertebrae with distally ‘clubbed’ neural spines at least four times higher than their centra. A maximum parsimony analysis of 47 hadrosauroid (39 hadrosaurid) species does not support the purported lambeosaurine affinities of B. sicinskii, but recovers this form as a basal saurolophine hadrosaurid based on unambiguous synapomorphies of the ilium. This result increases the diversity of saurolophine taxa in Asia, a continent with a hadrosaurid fossil record so far dominated by lambeosaurines. Finally, several vertebral and iliac characters previously regarded as diagnostic of Lambeosaurinae are discussed and shown to be uninformative from a taxonomic or phylogenetic standpoint.

scholarly journals A combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of the Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), with emphasis on the Harttiini and Farlowellini

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247747
Author(s):  
Alejandro Londoño-Burbano ◽  
Roberto E. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
Tissue Samples

We present a combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis of the Loricariinae, with emphasis on the Harttiini (Cteniloricaria, Harttia, and Harttiella) and Farlowellini (Aposturisoma, Farlowella, Lamontichthys, Pterosturisoma, Sturisoma, and Sturisomatichthys). Character sampling comprised seven molecular markers (the mitochondrial Cytb, nd2, 12S and 16S, and the nuclear MyH6, RAG1 and RAG2) and 196 morphological characters. A total of 1,059 specimens, and 159 tissue samples were analized, representing 100 species. A Bayesian Inference analysis was performed using the concatenated data matrix, which is comprised of 6,819 characters. The Loricariinae were found to comprise the tribes (Hartiini (Loricariini, Farlowellini)), the latter two elevated from subtribes. A Maximum Parsimony analysis was also performed using the same data matrix in order to reveal phenotypical synapomorphies to diagnose each clade. Two MP trees were found with a length of 14,704 steps, consistency index of 0.29 and retention index of 0.61, which were summarized in a strict consensus tree. Harttiini includes (Harttiella (Cteniloricaria, Harttia), and Farlowellini includes (Lamontichthys (Pterosturisoma (Sturisoma (Sturisomatichthys, Farlowella)))). Aposturisoma was recovered nested within Farlowella and is synonymyzed to the latter. Sturisoma was corroborated as strictly cis-Andean, while Sturisomatichthys encompasses, besides the valid species already included in the genus, the trans-Andean species once belonging to Sturisoma sensu lato. Identification keys and phylogenetic diagnoses of family-group taxa and genera of both the Harttiini and the Farlowellini are provided.

Evidence for the dissolution of the Calyptra minuticornis novaepommeraniae (Strand) and C. minuticornis minuticornis (Guenée) sub-species distinction (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 784-809
Author(s):  
Julia L. Snyder ◽  
Alberto Zilli ◽  
Jennifer M. Zaspel
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Distinction

The species Calyptra minuticornis is divided into two subspecies: C. minuticornis novaepommeraniae (Strand) and C. minuticornis minuticornis (Guenée) based on minor morphological differences, geographic distribution, and differential feeding behaviors in the adults. In this study, museum specimens were examined, including the holotypes of C. novaepommeraniae and C. minuticornis. A comprehensive distribution map was generated for C. minuticornis. A permutational multivariate analysis of variance provided some statistical evidence for minor differences between the male genitalic morphology. Additionally, the maximum parsimony analysis of the C. minuticornis subspecies complex resulted in a polytomy and did not represent natural groupings. From these results, it can be concluded that C. minuticornis novaepommeraniae and C. minuticornis minuticornis should be synonymized. A redescription of the species and a revised checklist for the genus is also provided. This includes synonymization of Wolframmeyia Behounek, Hacker & Speidel with Calyptra and evidence that Percalpe Berio is an unavailable name.

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