scholarly journals What Constitutes a Good Life? Cultural Differences in the Role of Positive and Negative Affect in Subjective Well-Being

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Wirtz ◽  
Chi-yue Chiu ◽  
Ed Diener ◽  
Shigehiro Oishi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being

scholarly journals Distinct Associations of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives with Well-Being: Mediating Role of Self-Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5547
Author(s):  
Zhijia Zeng ◽  
Hezhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
College Freshmen ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Mediating Role

The pursuit of hedonia and eudaimonia are two ways to fulfill the goal of a “good life”. While some studies report that both hedonic and eudaimonic motives improve well-being, others suggest that hedonic motives are counterproductive, raising the question of whether and why eudaimonic motives are more positively associated with well-being. We aimed to identify the distinct associations of hedonic and eudaimonic motives with well-being and investigate whether they are partly mediated by self-control. A total of 2882 college freshmen (1835 females, 1047 males, mean age 18.16 years) completed measures assessing hedonic and eudaimonic motives, self-control, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, and eudaimonic well-being. Eudaimonic motives were associated with higher life satisfaction, more positive affect, less negative affect, and better eudaimonic well-being. In contrast, hedonic motives were positively associated with life satisfaction, while also being correlated with a greater degree of negative affect and impaired eudaimonic well-being. Self-control mediated the relationships between hedonic and eudaimonic motives and well-being. Eudaimonic and hedonic motives were positively and negatively related to self-control, respectively. Further, high self-control was associated with greater life satisfaction, positive affect, and eudaimonic well-being and lower negative affect. Thus, eudaimonic motives can lead to a better life than hedonic motives because the former enhance self-control, while the latter lower it.

Why Do Easterners Have Lower Well-Being Than Westerners? The Role of Others’ Approval Contingencies of Self-Worth in the Cross-Cultural Differences in Subjective Well-Being

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hong Liu ◽  
Yi-Hsing Claire Chiu ◽  
Jen-Ho Chang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Cross

Previous studies have shown that Easterners generally perceive themselves as having lower subjective well-being compared with Westerners, and several mechanisms causing such differences have been identified. However, few studies have analyzed the causes of such differences from the perspective of the cross-cultural differences in the meanings of important life events such as whether people receive approval from others. Specifically, events regarding others’ approval might have different meanings to and influences on Easterners and Westerners. Thus, the degree of fluctuation of people’s views of self-worth in response to these events (i.e., others’ approval contingencies of self-worth [CSW]) probably differs between Easterners and Westerners. This may be a reason for cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. We investigated two samples of undergraduate students from Taiwan and the United States to examine the mediating role of others’ approval CSW in forming cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. The results revealed that Taiwanese participants exhibited lower subjective well-being and higher others’ approval CSW than American participants. In addition, others’ approval CSW partially mediated the cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. Thus, one reason for lower subjective well-being among Easterners was likely that their self-esteem was more prone to larger fluctuations depending on whether they receive approval from others in everyday life.

Psychological capital and career commitment: the mediating effect of subjective well-being

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansika Singhal ◽  
Renu Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Career Commitment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discover the role of psychological capital (PsyCap) as a predictor of subjective well-being (SWB) and career commitment (CC). Further, it aims to analyze the mediating role of SWB in the relationship between PsyCap and CC in the Indian manufacturing sector. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative survey-based research design employing data from 300 employees in the National Capital Region (NCR) of India was used in the present research. Findings The results demonstrated that PsyCap acted as a predictor for SWB and CC. Additionally, SWB partially mediated the relationship between PsyCap and CC. Research limitations/implications The limitations of the present research would have to do with the purposive sample set chosen during the data collection. The sample consisted of middle- and upper-middle-class Indian employees working in the NCR having knowledge of English language and computer skills. Perhaps, future research works should take into account a wider sample in terms of the regions across India and not only the NCR. Although the findings showed that SWB reduced the relationship between PsyCap and CC, still that relationship was significant statistically. Further research studies might also explore various moderators while simultaneously studying SWB. In the research, SWB acted as a significant mediator of the relation between PsyCap and CC, yet at the same time, it may be the scenario that employees who are committed toward their career would be more inclined to espouse a greater sense of SWB (i.e. mediator is caused by the outcome). Hence, the authors duly recognize the need to test this substitute model. Since, SWB places chief emphasis on respondent’s own experiences and perspectives; it does not denote a consummate understanding of their mental health as people may have psychological disorders even if they experience happiness. Hence, the use of other measures in addition to SWB in comprehending a person’s psychological health is desirable (Diener et al., 1997). Practical implications This study suggests that in order for organizations to have a workforce committed to their career and hence, their profession, the supervisors will need to train the employees having a higher incidence of PsyCap to increase their SWB. Consequently, the supervisors will, in turn, need to recruit employees already having the four dimensions of PsyCap, i.e. hope, efficacy, resilience and optimism at the workplace in order for them to have a higher life satisfaction, positive affect, reduced negative affect (three components of SWB) and increased CC. Social implications Employees who develop within themselves a state of being hopeful, efficacious, resilient and optimistic will also be strongly oriented toward having greater life satisfaction, positive affect and lower levels of negative affect. This, in part, would help them achieve the required commitment toward their career and hence, help them in sticking with their jobs. Originality/value The present study advances the existing work on positive organizational behavior by exhibiting the noteworthy role of PsyCap in predicting SWB and CC. Further, it helps in demonstrating the inevitable role of SWB in partially mediating the relationship between PsyCap and CC.

scholarly journals To Give or to Take Money? The Effects of Choice on Prosocial Spending and Happiness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajdi Moche ◽  
Daniel Västfjäll
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Prosocial Spending

Previous studies show that spending money on other people makes people happier than spending it on whatever they want. This study tested and extended this by examining the role of active versus passive choice and default choices. 788 participants played and won money in a game, from which some of the earnings could be donated to charity. Participants were randomized to five conditions (control, passive/active decision, default to self/charity). Three measures of subjective well-being (SWB) was used. The results show that people who donated money were happier than people who kept money for themselves, and active choices elicited significantly more negative affect than passive choices. Also, more people chose to keep the money when this was the default. Last, the greatest effect on happiness was when participants chose to change from the default. The results are in line with previous findings in both positive psychology and decision making.

scholarly journals Sense of Humor dengan Subjective Well-Being Pada Remaja dengan Orangtua yang Bercerai

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Fira Ayu Yustia ◽  
Hairani Lubis ◽  
Elda Trialisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Life Scale

Perceraian orangtua berdampak negatif bagi subjective well-being pada remaja yang menjadi korban dari perceraian tersebut, oleh karena itu perlu adanya sense of humor agar remaja mampu kembali merasakan kebahagiaan dan mencapai kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empirik ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara sense of humor dengan subjective well-being pada remaja dengan orangtua yang bercerai di Kota Samarinda. Subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 150 orang remaja yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Satisfication with Life Scale (SWLS) dan Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) untuk mengukur variabel subjective well-being dan skala sense of humor kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment menghasilkan nilai r hitung = -0.159 dan p=0.052>0.05. Hasil perhitungan tersebut menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan antara sense of humor dengan subjective well-being pada remaja dengan orangtua bercerai di Kota Samarinda. Parents divorce has a negative impact on subjective well-being in adolescents who are victims of the divorce, an adolescents need to have a sense of humor that able to feel happiness and prosperity. This study aims to empirically examine relationship between sense of humor and subjective well-being in adolescents with divorced parents in Samarinda. The subjects in this study were 150 teenagers who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The measuring instruments used in this study are Satisfication with Life Scale (SWLS) and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) to measure subjective well-being and sense of humor scales and then analyzed using the Pearson Product Moment correlation test resulting in the value of r = - 0.159 and p = 0.052 > 0.05. The results of these calculations indicate that there is no relationship between sense of humor and subjective well-being in adolescents with divorced parents in Samarinda.

scholarly journals Effects of Proactive Behavior on Within-Day Changes in Occupational Well-Being: The Role of Organizational Tenure and Emotion Regulation Skills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarissa Bohlmann ◽  
Cort Rudolph ◽  
Hannes Zacher
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Proactive Behavior ◽  
Total N ◽  
Daily Diary Study ◽  
Emotional Work ◽  
Organizational Tenure

Only recently has research started to examine relationships between proactive behavior and employee well-being. Investigating these relationships is important for understanding the effects of proactivity at work, and whether proactivity leads to an increase or a decrease in well-being. In this study, we investigated day-level effects of proactive behavior on four indicators of occupational well-being (i.e., activated positive and negative affect, emotional work engagement and fatigue). Moreover, based on theorizing on “wise proactivity,” we examined organizational tenure and emotion regulation as moderators of these effects. In total, N = 71 employees participated in a daily diary study with two measurements per day for ten consecutive working days. Results revealed that emotion regulation interacted with daily proactive behavior to predict daily emotional work fatigue, such that the effect of proactive behavior on emotional work fatigue was only positive for employees with low (vs. high) emotion regulation. Supplementary analyses examining reverse effects of occupational well-being on proactive behavior showed that organizational tenure interacted with daily activated positive and negative affect in predicting proactive behavior. For employees with lower (vs. higher) organizational tenure only, both activated positive and negative affect were negatively associated with proactive behavior. Overall, our findings contribute to the growing body of research on proactive behavior and well-being by demonstrating reciprocal and conditional day-level relationships among these variables.

Spirituality and subjective well-being of Ghanaian parents of children with special needs: The mediating role of resilience

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531987395
Author(s):  
Nutifafa Eugene Yaw Dey ◽  
Benjamin Amponsah ◽  
Charles Brenya Wiafe-Akenteng
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Mediating Role

The study explored the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between spirituality and subjective well-being of 107 Ghanaian biological parents raising children with special needs. Results from mediational analyses revealed that spirituality indirectly influenced life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect through resilience. Specifically, greater levels of spirituality predicted greater resilience, which successively led to greater life satisfaction, greater positive affect and reduced negative affect. These findings emphasize the necessity of targeting parents’ well-being through resilience to help them deal with the burden of providing care for their children with special needs.

Subjective Well-being, Personality, and Loneliness as Correlates of Saudade: A Preliminary Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto ◽  
Etienne Mullet
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Psychological Reaction ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Item Scale

Abstract Saudade is a psychological reaction to the absence of significant others or familiar places. The correlates of the experience of saudade were examined using a sample of Portuguese adults. Two hundred and twenty-seven participants of both genders, aged 20–65, were presented with (a) the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), (b) the Positive and Negative Affect Schedules (PANAS), (c) the brief Loneliness Scale (ULS-6), (d) the Neo Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), and (e) an experience of saudade two-item scale. Experience of saudade was more often reported by females than by males, and positively correlated with negative affect, loneliness, and neuroticism.

scholarly journals Influence of Gratitude and Materialism on Two Different Conceptualizations of Subjective Well-being

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rogelio Puente-Díaz ◽  
Judith Cavazos-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Independent Components ◽  
First Order

The present investigation examined the influence of materialism and gratitude on subjective well-being under two different conceptualizations of this construct: subjective well-being as a construct with three independent components and subjective well-being as a second other factor with three first order factors. 386 participants from Mexico completed a battery of questionnaires measuring gratitude, materialism, positive and negative affect and life satisfaction. Results showed a negative influence of materialism on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being and a positive influence on negative affect. Gratitude had a positive influence on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being. Results also showed that gratitude did not influence negative affect directly, but indirectly through its influence on overall sense of subjective well-being. The implications of our findings were discussed.

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