Basic Personal Values and the Meaning of Left-Right Political Orientations in 20 Countries

This chapter explains how values structure political attitudes and behavior, by laying out the theoretical framework and arguing for the relevance of these personal values to politics. It defines ten broad values according to the motivation that underlies each of them. These ten values may encompass the full range of motivationally distinct values recognized across cultures. They are likely to be universal because they are grounded in one or more of three universal requirements of human existence, with which they help people cope: needs of people as biological organisms, requisites of coordinated social interaction, and survival and welfare needs of groups. The chapter's analyses indicate that some of the personal values—in particular, tradition, conformity, hedonism, and universalism—have both direct and indirect effects on voting behavior and political attitudes.

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Chapter 5 Basic Personal Values and Political Orientations

Improving Public Opinion Surveys ◽

10.1515/9781400840298.63 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 63-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shalom H. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Personal Values ◽

Political Orientations ◽

Basic Personal Values

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Personal Values Across Cultures

Annual Review of Psychology ◽

10.1146/annurev-psych-020821-125100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lilach Sagiv ◽

Shalom H. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Personal Values ◽

Well Being ◽

Annual Review ◽

Publication Date ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Value Differences ◽

Many Instruments ◽

Value Priorities ◽

The Many ◽

Basic Personal Values

Values play an outsized role in the visions, critiques, and discussions of politics, religion, education, and family life. Despite all the attention values receive in everyday discourse, their systematic study took hold in mainstream psychology only in the 1990s. This review discusses the nature of values and presents the main contemporary value theories, focusing on the theory of basic personal values. We review evidence for the content and the structure of conflict and compatibility among values found across cultures. We discuss the assumptions underlying the many instruments developed to measure values. We then consider the origins of value priorities and their stability or change over time. The remainder of the review presents the evidence for the ways personal values relate to personality traits, subjective well-being, and the implications of value differences for religiosity, prejudice, pro- and antisocial behavior, political and environmental behavior, and creativity, concluding with a discussion of mechanisms that link values to behavior. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Exploratory study of the relationship between basic personal values and psychosocial values

Revista Avaliação Psicológica ◽

10.15689/ap.2015.1403.07 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 353-363

Author(s):

João Wachelke ◽

Laiz Bueno Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Study ◽

Personal Values ◽

The Relationship ◽

Basic Personal Values

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Schwartz Value Clusters in Modern University Students

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs10030066 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Olga V. Maslova ◽

Dmitry A. Shlyakhta ◽

Mikhail S. Yanitskiy

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Social Economic ◽

Personal Values ◽

Initial Sample ◽

Individual Level ◽

Professional Groups ◽

The Social ◽

The Individual ◽

Basic Personal Values

People differ in their value hierarchies, i.e., in the importance they attach to basic personal values. A large number of studies were performed to establish similarities and differences between national, ethnic, or professional groups in terms of Schwartz’s values structure. In addition to this sample-level approach, we found it useful to disclose a number of subgroups within those larger social groups, which are more homogeneous in themselves and reflect the individual-level types of personal values systems. The study was performed on university students (n = 1237) who were asked to fill in the SVS и PVQ Schwartz’s questionnaires. The sample was then treated with the K-means cluster analysis, which resulted in the division of the initial sample into three subgroups or clusters according to their values hierarchy being measured separately at the (1) Normative Ideals scale and (2) the scale of Behavioral Priorities. These clusters were equally common among male and female students, but they were unequally found in young people coming from different ethnic groups and regions, demonstrating the role of socio-cultural environment in building up personal values. The results may extend our capabilities for the prediction of the social, economic, and political behavior of the younger generation.

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