“Negative Process”: A Recurrently Discovered and Underestimated Facet of Therapeutic Process and Outcome in the Individual Psychotherapy of Adults

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Binder ◽  
Hans H. Strupp
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Individual Psychotherapy ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The Individual

State of the Art — 1973

1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan B. Epstein ◽  
Duane S. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
The Family ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Made In

In summary, it can be said that progress is being made in the field, but slowly. The ‘art’ is vigorous, vital and exciting. The ranks of family therapists are swelling and they are coming from backgrounds of different theoretical persuasions and with varying degrees of sophistication in their training and education. This mélange does lead to excitement and turbulence but often detracts from the necessary rigour that a scientific discipline must develop in order to reach maturity. Systems theory allows for easy conceptualization of one another's behaviour in the system, and permits a much clearer understanding of the therapeutic process based upon it, in contrast to therapeutic approaches based on other models. The authors found negotiation to be therapeutically effective when made explicit. In addition they place the focus on the ‘here and now’ and encourage the increased labeling by family members of interactions (affective and behavioural) and their effects (affective and behavioural), according to the Family Categories Schema previously referred to. Efforts are directed especially towards dealing with the current resistances to problem solutions. Epstein et al. have reported on an ongoing program of research which attempts to examine the process and outcome of family therapy (7,10,21,22,25,26). What is needed now is a more rigorous approach to research and the development of a necessary theoretical base in order that a more systematic and scientific approach can be developed for treating families.

Therapist–Patient Alliance, Patient–Therapist Alliance, Mutual Therapeutic Alliance, Therapist–Patient Concordance, and Outcome of CBT in GAD

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Langhoff ◽  
Thomas Baer ◽  
Doris Zubraegel ◽  
Michael Linden
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Observer Ratings ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale

The therapeutic alliance is seen as an important dimension in any type of psychotherapy. But patient, therapist, or observers can have different views on the therapeutic alliance. The question is which perspective best represents the therapeutic alliance, and what are the differences between these alternative views. In the present study, the therapist–patient alliance (TPA, the view of the therapist), patient–therapist alliance (PTA, the view of the patient), and mutual therapeutic alliance (MTA, the view of an observer) were measured simultaneously in cognitive behavior therapy of patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder. Additionally, the concordance between patient and therapist ratings (TPC) was calculated. Cognitive behavior therapists attained high positive scores in all perspectives for all dimensions of the therapeutic alliance, such as empathy, cooperation, transparency, focusing, and assurance of progress. Correlations were consistently higher for ratings between therapist and patient than between observer and patient. A relation with outcome (Hamilton Anxiety Scale) was only found for observer ratings. It was concluded that cognitive behavior therapists can achieve good alliances with their patients. Different perspectives on the therapeutic alliance should be distinguished and taken into account separately in studies on the therapeutic process and outcome.

Crisis and Confrontation

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (507) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Jones ◽  
Paul Polak
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Therapeutic Community ◽  
Individual Psychotherapy ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Individual Interview ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
The Individual

It is part of the magical aura of the physician that he must have some omnipotent tool with which he dramatically makes patients better. In individual psychotherapy the individual interview and the interpretation, like the surgeon's scalpel, provides such an omnipotent instrument. In therapeutic community practice it is often group therapy in the form of the daily ward meeting and the review that plays the role of the omnipotent therapeutic tool. But in our opinion it is the daily living situation and not the formally organized therapeutic meeting which provides the greatest potential for learning and growth on the part of patients and staff. We have found the crisis situation and its resolution to be potentially the most useful of these daily living situations.

scholarly journals The Integrated Use of Individual and Family Psychotherapy

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.D. Steinhauer ◽  
G.W. Tisdall
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Individual Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Psychotherapy ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
The Family ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Clinician

For almost thirty years after the development of family therapy, the concurrent use of family and individual psychotherapy was seen as incompatible by leading proponents of each modality. Although recently the literature has revealed an increased willingness to utilize family and individual therapies concurrently, the decision for or against any such combination has been left largely to the intuition or bias of the individual clinician. This paper suggests the concurrent use of family and individual psychotherapies when disturbances of family structure and interaction co-exist with, reinforce, and are maintained by largely ego-syntonic internalized psychopathology (that is, the character defences of individual family members). It provides a rationale for integrating the concurrent therapies, and uses clinical examples to illustrate how each can potentiate the other. There is a discussion of indications and contraindications for the integrated use of concurrent family and individual therapy. From their attempts to apply these principles, the authors conclude that the experience for the family, the individual and the therapists is that the selective and integrated use of concurrent family and individual therapies can achieve more than can either therapy alone — the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

Therapeutic Process and Outcome: The Interplay of Research

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Epistemological Views ◽  
Effectiveness Studies

AbstractFrom Freud through to modern times researchers have aimed to develop a clearer understanding of therapeutic processes and outcomes. Despite this continued interest in the field, the representation of psychotherapy processes and the applicability of research findings and recommendations to the therapeutic field continue to prove difficult. Quantitative and qualitative studies each purport to provide answers, however, they differ greatly in their research methods and underlying ontological and epistemological views. Efficacy and effectiveness studies and the measures of statistical significance and clinical significance are explored with their inherent strengths and weaknesses highlighted. This paper presents the view that research into psychotherapy should enhance the experiences of both the therapist and client. For this to be achieved it is recommended that quantitative and qualitative data, or objective and subjective experiences, should collude rather than collide.

scholarly journals Sexual Addiction: Different Therapeutic Approaches? A Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
A. Attaky ◽  
◽  
M. Falone Percival ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Sexual Addiction ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Sexual Stimulation ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Early Trauma

Objective: Sexual addiction refers to specific condition in which the individual engages in repetitive and increasingly risky sexual behaviors. The behavior serve as a coping mechanism for dealing with painful affects, especially shame due to early trauma and this coping results in loss of control in spite of negative consequences and this term sexual addiction can be used to imply that sexual stimulation acts like a drug on nervous system, and sexual addiction interferes with normal living and causes severe stress on family, friends, loved ones, and one’s work environment. The term sexual addiction appears in the third revised edition of DSM, but it was excluded in the DSM IV, and very recently in DSM-5 as well. The main aim of this article is to provide a general overview of different therapeutic approaches of sexual addiction. Design and Method: We are providing a nonsystematic and worldwide review on treatment of sexual addiction. Results: Appropriate treatment of sexual addiction should include a combination of pharmacological and psychological approaches and psychiatric and somatic co-morbidities that frequently occur with sexual addiction should be integrated into the therapeutic process. Conclusions: Sexual addiction is a challenging topic because of differing societal views about sex and the nature of the addiction, and because of a lack of consensus and empirical research on sexual addiction, clear diagnostic criteria are needed to test the efficacy of psychological and pharmacological treatments in controlled studies. Because of most individuals suffering from this addiction feel shame and embarrassment which makes it difficult for them to seek treatment as with other behavioral addictions (e.g., pathological gambling, compulsive buying) it is hoped that this review will add to the growing awareness and affirm the need for more treatment in this area.

scholarly journals Developing professional competence by internet-based reflection

Seminar.net ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Aars
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Clinical Knowledge ◽  
Learning Potential ◽  
Critical Friends ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Time Observation ◽  
The Individual

This article aims at giving an example of how practical, clinical knowledge can be explored by the use of a tailor-made Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-tool: Physio-Net. In constructing content to this particular internet- based resource used for bachelor students at Tromsø University College, a clinician expert physiotherapist contributed with a detailed analysis of her own practice and its underpinning rationale, displayed by film and text simultaneously. The clinician was interviewed about how the work had affected later practice and why, and her experiences are discussed in terms of reflective practice. Internalised ways of thinking and acting were changed; she became more aware of the importance of taking the patient’s perspective, of the interaction in the situation, and made more careful conclusions in the clinical reasoning process. Time, observation, writing and guidance were important clues to this learning process and outcome. It is concluded that looking into one’s own practice amongst “critical friends”, mediated in a transparent mode as the Internet tool provides, constitutes a valuable learning potential for the individual and might contribute towards making professional practice more open and easier to discuss and develop.

scholarly journals Language Choice in Psychotherapy of Multilingual Clients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Leila Verkerk ◽  
Ad Backus ◽  
Laurie Faro ◽  
Jean-Marc Dewaele ◽  
Enny Das
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Language Choice ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Linguistic Awareness ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The Impact

Language is an essential part of psychotherapeutic work. In psychotherapy involving more than one language and/or culture, acknowledging the impact of the therapist’s and the client’s language(s) can facilitate achieving the most beneficial therapeutic process and outcome. The field has witnessed a surge in interdisciplinary work combining research methods from multilingualism and psychotherapy. This research aims to investigate the role of multilingualism in emotion expression and interpretation in psychotherapy offered by multilingual/multicultural therapists. Ten individual semi-structured interviews with therapists in the Netherlands focused on therapists’ experience of working as a multilingual/multicultural therapist with culturally and linguistically diverse clients. Thematic analysis of the results showed that language choice influenced the therapeutic process and its outcome in terms of discussing emotional topics, establishing and maintaining rapport with the client, and managing linguistic and cultural differences. Linguistic awareness of therapists allows them to manage the linguistic and cultural issues that inevitably arise in encounters with multilingual/multicultural clients.

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