Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) in Internal Jugular Venous Blood of Migraine without aura Patients Assessed during Migraine Attacks

Cephalalgia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sarchielli ◽  
A Alberti ◽  
F Coppola ◽  
A Baldi ◽  
B Gallai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Neurogenic Inflammation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Catheter Insertion ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
Radioimmunoassay Method

The aim of the study was to verify the production of PAF and the activity of PAF acetyl-hydrolase (PAF-AH), the enzyme involved in the catabolism of this phospholipid mediator, in migraine attacks. Their levels were determined during migraine crises in serial samples of internal jugular venous blood taken from five migraine patients without aura, who were admitted to the hospital during the crises. Internal jugular venous blood samples were taken immediately after catheter insertion at 1, 2, and 4 h after attack onset, and within 2 h from its cessation. PAF was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and determined by radioimmunoassay method. The enzymatic activity of PAF-AH was measured by reverse-phase HPLC, based on the derivatization with 7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carbonylazide. In the internal jugular venous blood of migraine patients without aura (MO), an increase was observed in PAF levels, which was already evident at the time of catheter insertion (885.6 ± 82.8) and at the first hour (868.4 ± 65.24) (ANOVA: P < 0.0001). PAF levels remained elevated through the second (746.8 ± 82.95), fourth (700.6 ± 34.93) and sixth hours (644.4 ± 42.85), and then decreased at the end of the attack, reaching levels significantly lower than those measured at the time of catheter insertion (565.5 ± 38.34). The activity of PAF-AH showed an opposite trend with higher values at the first hour and significantly lower values at the second and fourth hours from the beginning of the migraine attack (ANOVA: P < 0.02). The increased production of PAF may account for persistent platelet activation during migraine crises, even in the presence of an increased production of nitric oxide (NO) end-products which, on the other hand, should instead intervene in counteracting and limiting platelet activation. Potential sources of PAF production are the endothelial cells from cerebral vessels, stimulated by trigeminal neuropeptides, platelets themselves, and mast cells, as suggested by the neurogenic inflammation model.

Method Development and Validation of Propofol by Reverse Phase HPLC and its Estimation in Commercial Formulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 3139-3142
Author(s):  
Kuntal Mukherjee ◽  
S. T. Narenderan ◽  
B. Babu ◽  
Survi Mishra ◽  
S. N. Meyyanathan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Method Development And Validation ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

A simple, sensitive and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the determination of Propofol. The main focus of the method was to determine Propofol in solution form as well as in marketed formulation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Inertsil ODS-3V column (250mm x 4.6mm; 5µm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol: water (85:15), with a flow rate of 1.0ml/min (UV detection at 270nm). Linearity was observed over the concentration range of 10-110µg/ml with a regression equation y=88048x + 44524 and having a regression value (R2) of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ values found to be 10ng and 100ng, respectively. No changes found in ruggedness and robustness studies. The percentage of recovery was found to be 95.25% to 101.81%. Validation studies revealed that the method was specific, accurate, precise, reliable, robust, reproducible and suitable for the quantitative analysis in its pharmaceutical formulations.

Inhibition of neutrophil L-selectin shedding: a potential anti-inflammatory effect of aprotinin

Perfusion ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Asimakopoulos ◽  
Kenneth M Taylor ◽  
Dorian O Haskard ◽  
R Clive Landis
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Inflammatory Action ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-related inflammatory response involves leucocyte activation and increased leucocyte-endothelial cell interaction. L-selectin is an adhesion molecule expressed on the surface of leucocytes which participates in the initial rolling step of the leucocyte-endothelial cell adhesion cascade. L-selectin is proteolytically cleaved off the surface of leucocytes when they become activated, an event that is regarded as a marker of leucocyte activation. Aprotinin is a protease inhibitor that has been used in cardiac surgery as a haemostatic agent and also exhibits certain anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, peripheral venous blood from volunteers was pre-incubated with aprotinin at 200, 800 and 1600 kallikrein inhibiting units (kiu)/ml and stimulated with the chemoattractants N-formyl-methyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or platelet activating factor (PAF). Surface expression of L-selectin on neutrophils was measured using a monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry. The results demonstrate that aprotinin inhibits shedding of L-selectin in a dose-dependent fashion ( p=0.0278 and 0.0005, respectively, at 800 and 1600 kiu/ml for fMLP-stimulated shedding; p=0.0017 and 0.0010, respectively, at 200 and 800 kiu/ml for PAF-stimulated shedding). This effect may be of significance with respect to the anti-inflammatory action of aprotinin in patients undergoing CPB.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF ANTHOCYANINS OF CORN WITH DARK GRAIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Leyla Sadraddin kyzy Valiyeva ◽  
Viktor Ivanovich Deyneka ◽  
Yelena Yur'yevna Oleynits ◽  
Gul'shan Kagraman kyzy Rahimova ◽  
Natiga Asker kyzy Nabieva
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Corn Grains

In corn grains, anthocyanins pigments accumulate – belonging to the class of flavanoids, products of the secondary metabolism of plants and which are low molecular weight antioxidants. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the use of foods rich in anthocyanins leads to a significant reduction in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and oncological diseases. Compared to an equal amount of vegetables and fruits containing anthocyanins, more of them are present in the grain in bound form. Participating in the metabolism in the lower parts of the gastrointestinal tract, they have a beneficial effect on maintaining health. To analyze the total content and determine the composition of anthocyanins in grains of 21 samples of corn from the collection of the National Gene Bank of Azerbaijan, in order to identify promising samples in breeding to increase the content of anthocyanins, we used the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with reverse phase (HPLC) with spectrophotometric and mass spectrometric detection. The grains of the test samples identified mainly cyanidin-3-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, as well as the isomeric products of their mono- and diacylation with malonic acid. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside derivatives prevailed in the grain extracts of some of the samples studied. Corn samples were selected as starting material for further breeding work to create local forms of corn with improved nutritional and therapeutic properties.

In vivo metabolism of tritiated LHRH by the whole kidney and individual tubules of rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 244 (6) ◽  
pp. F628-F632
Author(s):  
M. A. Stetler-Stevenson ◽  
G. Flouret ◽  
S. Nakamura ◽  
B. Gulczynski ◽  
F. A. Carone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Radioactive Label ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
Contact Digestion ◽  
Distal Tubules

[pyroglutamyl-3,4-3H]Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ([3H]LHRH) and [14C]inulin were infused into individual nephrons in Inactin-anesthetized rats and the amount of radioactive label and the identity of the radioactively labeled material in urine were determined. The site of infusion was identified by latex injection and microdissection. [3H]LHRH was microinfused at 1.5 X 10(-5 M (concentration 10(6)-10(7) higher than in plasma) and analysis of urinary metabolites was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The urinary recovery of tritium label was 81% when proximal tubules were infused and 94% when distal tubules were infused. For proximal tubules 90% of the label recovered in urine appeared as pGlu-His (metabolite 2), pGlu-His-Trp (metabolite 3), and pGlu-His-Trp-Ser (metabolite 4), and 10% as LHRH. With distal tubules only LHRH was detected in the urine. [3H]LHRH was presented to the renal artery of the filtering rat kidney in vivo, and urine and renal venous blood were analyzed for breakdown products. The urine contained metabolites 2, 3, and 4 and no LHRH, whereas venous blood contained mainly pGlu, metabolite 4, and LHRH. When [3H]LHRH was perfused in vivo through the nonfiltering rat kidney or rat lower limb, renal or femoral venous blood was found to contain only LHRH. These studies suggest that [3H]LHRH undergoes glomerular filtration and contact digestion by brush border enzymes of the proximal tubule to produce metabolites 2, 3, and 4. These metabolites and possibly LHRH are partially reabsorbed and undergo further intracellular degradation to produce pGlu. Endothelial and interstitial cells in the kidney and leg do not appreciably metabolize [3H]LHRH.

3-Methylhistidine determined in plasma by "high-performance" lipid chromatography

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
H M van Eijk ◽  
N E Deutz ◽  
A J Wagenmakers ◽  
P B Soeters
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Total Analysis ◽  
The Difference

Abstract In this fully automated method for determination of 3-methylhistidine (3MH) in plasma we use precolumn derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde and subsequent separation by HPLC. Total analysis time is 36 min, and peak areas measured vary linearly with the amount of analyte injected, over the range of 0 to 20 pmol of 3MH (R2 = 0.995), with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.6%. The method is reliable, accurate, inexpensive, and at least 1000-fold more sensitive than conventional ion-exchange chromatography with ninhydrin. Because of its sensitivity, the method can be used to estimate venous-arterial differences. In four human volunteers the plasma 3MH concentration varied between 4.97 and 6.08 mumol/L, and the difference between "arterialized" and femoral venous blood for 3MH varied between 0.09 and 0.47 mumol/L.

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