scholarly journals A new gel tube method for the direct detection, identification and susceptibility testing of bacteria in clinical samples

1999 ◽  
Vol 170 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Langlet ◽  
F. Beaupère ◽  
G. Contant ◽  
J.M. Scheftel
Keyword(s):  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Clinical Samples

scholarly journals Phenotypic detection of Carbapenamase among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples using modified Hodged test

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
HauwaYakubu ◽  
Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu ◽  
Asma’u Salisu ◽  
Abdulmumin Ibrahim Sulaiman ◽  
Fatima Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Tract Infections

Carbapenemases are microbial enzymes that confer resistance to virtually all available beta-lactam antibiotics and the most frequent carbapenemases are the Klebsiella pneumoniae Carbapenamase (KPC). Detection of carbapenemases is a significant infection control strategy as the enzymes are often associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic failures and mortality associated with infectious diseases. A total of 400 clinical samples were collected from different groups of patients in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria and 118 K. pneumoniae were isolated using standard microbiological techniques. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, then screened for Carbapenamase production using modified Hodge test. The results indicated that the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (61.9%), Ceftriaxone (50.8%) and Ceftazidime (50.8%), then Ciprofloxacin (54.2%), but predominantly sensitive to Imipenem (66.9%), Eterpenem (60.2%) and Meropenem (65.3%). It was found that 38 (32.2%) of the isolates phenotypically shows the presence of Carbapenamase, with highest frequency of (40.7%) among patients, mainly adult females with cases of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) and the least from wound (11.8%).This study revealed that the isolates produced other beta-lactamases than KPC or variants of Carbapenamase that cannot be detected by modified Hodge test, thus shows low resistance to carbapenems. Therefore further studies is needed to genotypically confirm the presence of KPC in these isolates.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Direct Detection Without RNA Isolation With Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) and CRISPR-Cas12

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Garcia-Venzor ◽  
Bertha Rueda-Zarazua ◽  
Eduardo Marquez-Garcia ◽  
Vilma Maldonado ◽  
Angelica Moncada-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification

As to date, more than 49 million confirmed cases of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) have been reported worldwide. Current diagnostic protocols use qRT-PCR for viral RNA detection, which is expensive and requires sophisticated equipment, trained personnel and previous RNA extraction. For this reason, we need a faster, direct and more versatile detection method for better epidemiological management of the COVID-19 outbreak. In this work, we propose a direct method without RNA extraction, based on the Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR associated protein (CRISPR-Cas12) technique that allows the fast detection of SARS-CoV-2 from patient samples with high sensitivity and specificity. We obtained a limit of detection of 16 copies/μL with high specificity and at an affordable cost. The diagnostic test readout can be done with a real-time PCR thermocycler or with the naked eye in a blue-light transilluminator. Our method has been evaluated on a small set of clinical samples with promising results.

scholarly journals Culture-Independent Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Clinical Respiratory Samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2395-2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianny P. Scoleri ◽  
Jocelyn M. Choo ◽  
Lex E. X. Leong ◽  
Thomas R. Goddard ◽  
Lisa Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Quantitative Pcr Assay ◽  
Single Reaction

Culture-based detection of nontuberculousMycobacteria(NTM) in respiratory samples is time consuming and can be subject to overgrowth by nonmycobacterial bacteria. We describe a single-reaction TaqMan quantitative PCR assay for the direct detection of NTM species in clinical samples that is specific, sensitive, and robust.

Occurrence of Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli and Their In Vitro Susceptibility Pattern by Vitek 2 at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital – An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 429-434
Author(s):  
Atit Dineshchandra Shah ◽  
Urvashi Natubhai Limbachia ◽  
Bhavin K. Prajapati ◽  
Lata Patel ◽  
Dharati Tusharbhai Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vitek 2

BACKGROUND Non fermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are a group of heterogenous, aerobic and non-sporing saprophytic bacteria, found as commensals in humans and other animals primarily causing opportunistic healthcare-associated infections. They are innately resistant to many antibiotics and are known to acquire resistance by various mechanisms. They pose a particular difficulty for the healthcare community because multidrug resistance is common and increasing among them and a number of strains have now been identified that exhibit pan drug resistance. This study was conducted to isolate and identify various non-fermenter gram negative bacilli (NFGNB), to study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and their clinical significance from various clinical samples. METHODS A study was undertaken from March 2019 to February 2020 to isolate NFGNB from various clinical samples received for culture and sensitivity in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care hospital, Ahmedabad. Non lactose fermenting colonies on MacConkey agar plates were further processed by Vitek 2 to identify them and to study their antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). RESULTS A total of 2010 NFGNB were isolated from various clinical samples and their AST was evaluated by Vitek 2. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (52.7 %) and Acinetobacter baumannii (36.5 %) were the most common NFGNB isolated. Carbapenem resistance was 93 % for Acinetobacter species and 61 % for Pseudomonas species. CONCLUSIONS Accurate and rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of NFGNB help in early initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy and proper management of patients thereby help in reducing emergence of MDR strains of NFGNB, mortality and overall hospital stay. KEYWORDS NFGNB – Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli, Multidrug Resistance, Pan Drug Resistance, Carbapenem Resistance

The Usefulness of PCR Amplification for Direct Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA from Clinical Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noraziah Mohamad Zin ◽  
Suhaila Haron ◽  
Rahizan Issa ◽  
Nik Marzuki Sidik
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Clinical Samples

Mixed mould species in laboratory cultures of respiratory specimens: how should they be reported, and what are the indications for susceptibility testing?: Table 1

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Purcell ◽  
J McKenna ◽  
P Critten ◽  
D W Denning ◽  
I A Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Patient Case ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Respiratory Specimens

AimsTo investigate how clinical microbiology laboratories should report and interpret mixed mould isolates including Aspergillus species from clinical samples and the criteria for susceptibility testing of the isolates.MethodsRetrospectively collected data from our laboratory information system of moulds isolated between January 2005 and December 2007. Patient case notes were also reviewed.ResultsA total of 502 isolates (from 273 patients) were found. 20 patients with clinical diagnosis of a probable fungal infection had mixed Aspergillus species.ConclusionsIn most instances, the isolation of Aspergillus species from non-sterile sites does not represent clinical disease, but only colonisation/contamination. However, for high-risk patients including transplant recipients, a positive culture is associated with invasive disease. Our tertiary centre routinely reports single fungal isolates and mixed cultures with appropriate comments, and those considered significant will also have susceptibility testing carried out. The correlation of culture results with clinical features can differentiate between invasive disease and contamination.

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