ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN OF RECENT CLINICAL ISOLATES OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE

2009 ◽  
Vol 89B (1-6) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
GUNILLA ZACKRISSON ◽  
JOHN-ERIK BRORSON
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

scholarly journals Development of Antibiogram for Secondary Health care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 974-980
Author(s):  
Anand Vijayakumar PR ◽  
Lalramengmawii ◽  
Lalduhawmi TC ◽  
Manisha S ◽  
Shekhar S Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Secondary Health Care ◽  
Infectious Microorganism ◽  
A Prospective Study

Antibiotics resistance is an emerging problem in the management for infectious diseases. Patients are many a time prescribed with antibiotics without knowing that particular antibiotic sensitivity pattern with respect to the infectious microorganism. This study aims to detect the type of microbes causing certain infections in the hospital and also to detect the sensitivity pattern of the antibiotics to these microbes. We conducted a prospective study for six months on the neonates who were admitted in NICU. The blood samples were collected from these neonates before the administration of antibiotics. The swab samples were also collected from various places of this hospital to detect the types of microorganisms present in the hospital and to study the sensitivity of the antibiotics toward these microbes. The antibiotics used in this study were Gentamicin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Amikacin, Piperacillin, Meropenam, and Vancomycin. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were found to be the most common pathogens implicated in neonate's infection. All the organisms showed absolute sensitivity mostly to Ampicillin, Gentamicin, and Piperacillin and resistant to Cefotaxime, Amikacin, and Vancomycin. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus infleunzae, Kleibseilla pneumoniae, Escherichia coli were the most common microorganism found in the swab samples collected from the hospital. Most of these microorganisms shows sensitivity towards Ampicillin, Gentamicin, and Meropenam but were resistance to Cefotaxime, Amikacin, and Vancomycin. A routine bacterial surveillance of prevalent organisms and the study of the sensitivity patterns of the pathogens responsible for neonatal infection should be made an essential component for neonatal care. This information from many parts of the country will be important in policymaking on antimicrobial use not only locally but also internationally.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Group B Streptococcal Clinical Isolates

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Simoes ◽  
Alla A. Aroutcheva ◽  
Ira Heimler ◽  
Sebastian Faro
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Group B

Objectives:To determine thein vitroresistance of group B streptococcus (GBS) to 12 antibiotics. To determine if there has been any decrease in sensitivity to the penicillins or other antibiotics currently used for GBS chemoprophylaxis in pregnant women. Find suitable alternative antibiotics to penicillin. Find an antibiotic that will have minimal selective pressure for resistance among the endogenous resident vaginal microflora.Methods:The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of 52 clinical isolates of GBS were evaluated to 12 antibiotics: ampicillin, azithromycin, cefamandole, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, ofloxacin, penicillin and vancomycin. Antibiotic sensitivities were determined using disk diffusion and microdilution methods according to the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS).Results:All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, ofloxacin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and penicillin. However, the following number of clinical isolates exhibited intermediate or decreased sensitivity, nine (17%) to ampicillin, eight (15%) to penicillin, 14 (32%) to ciprofloxacin and one (2%) to nitrofurantoin. Thirty-one percent of the isolates were resistant to azithromycin and ceftriaxone, 19% to clindamycin, 15% to cefazolin and 13% to cefamandole. Eighteen (35%) of the clinical isolates tested were resistant to 6 of the 12 antibiotics tested.Conclusions:The relatively high rates of resistance for 6 of the 12 antibiotics tested suggest that for women allergic to penicillin and colonized with GBS, antibiotic sensitivities to their isolates should be determined. The antibiotic selected for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis should be guided by the organism’s antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Patients with GBS bacteriuria should be treated with nitrofurantoin.

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts to pseudomonas fluorescens isolates collected from diseased fish

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Foysal ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Alam
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

Studies were conducted to identify Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from a collection of bacteria isolated from bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia infected carp and catfish, evaluate their antibiotic sensitivity pattern and screen the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts against the isolates.. A total of 10 isolates were identified as P. fluorescens by morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test of the P. fluorescens isolates were conducted by disc diffusion method for seven antibiotics where, all of the isolates were found to be sensitive only against streptomycin and gentamycin but, most of the isolates (80%) were found resistant to chloramphenicol (C). Moreover, eighty percent of the isolates showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. A total of 118 plant extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against the P. fluorescens isolates where the isolates exhibited sensitivity to 30 samples. Leaf extracts of Tamarindus indicus, Terminalia chebula, Citrus aurantifolia, Eugenia caryophyllata and Spondias pinnata were found to inhibit the growth of all of the P. fluorescens isolates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i4.9733 IJNS 2011 1(4): 82-88

scholarly journals Bacteriophage-derived CHAP domain protein, P128, kills Staphylococcus cells by cleaving interpeptide cross-bridge of peptidoglycan

Microbiology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2157-2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarson Sundarrajan ◽  
Junjappa Raghupatil ◽  
Aradhana Vipra ◽  
Nagalakshmi Narasimhaswamy ◽  
Sanjeev Saravanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Cross Bridge ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

P128 is an anti-staphylococcal protein consisting of the Staphylococcus aureus phage-K-derived tail-associated muralytic enzyme (TAME) catalytic domain (Lys16) fused with the cell-wall-binding SH3b domain of lysostaphin. In order to understand the mechanism of action and emergence of resistance to P128, we isolated mutants of Staphylococcus spp., including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resistant to P128. In addition to P128, the mutants also showed resistance to Lys16, the catalytic domain of P128. The mutants showed loss of fitness as shown by reduced rate of growth in vitro. One of the mutants tested was found to show reduced virulence in animal models of S. aureus septicaemia suggesting loss of fitness in vivo as well. Analysis of the antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that the mutants derived from MRSA strains had become sensitive to meticillin and other β-lactams. Interestingly, the mutant cells were resistant to the lytic action of phage K, although the phage was able to adsorb to these cells. Sequencing of the femA gene of three P128-resistant mutants showed either a truncation or deletion in femA, suggesting that improper cross-bridge formation in S. aureus could be causing resistance to P128. Using glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion peptides as substrates it was found that both P128 and Lys16 were capable of cleaving a pentaglycine sequence, suggesting that P128 might be killing S. aureus by cleaving the pentaglycine cross-bridge of peptidoglycan. Moreover, peptides corresponding to the reported cross-bridge of Staphylococcus haemolyticus (GGSGG, AGSGG), which were not cleaved by lysostaphin, were cleaved efficiently by P128. This was also reflected in high sensitivity of S. haemolyticus to P128. This showed that in spite of sharing a common mechanism of action with lysostaphin, P128 has unique properties, which allow it to act on certain lysostaphin-resistant Staphylococcus strains.

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