Ploidy doubling by callus culture of potato dihaploid leaf explants and the variation in regenerated plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. M. H. FLEMING ◽  
M. J. DE ◽  
W. POWELL
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regenerated Plants

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Tarenaya rosea (Cleomaceae) from leaf explants

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Simões-Gurgel ◽  
Tatiana Carvalho de Castro ◽  
Cátia Henriques Callado ◽  
Lívia da Silva Cordeiro ◽  
Norma Albarello
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Regenerated Plants

Abstract In vitro culture techniques are recognized as efficient strategies for large-scale plant production, as well as providing alternatives for plant conservation. In this study the micropropagation of Tarenaya rosea was established using petiole and foliar blade segments cultivated on MS medium with 6-benzyladenine (BA) and/or 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN). The regeneration rate from explants was evaluated after 30-days in culture, as well as the proliferation rate from explant-derived shoots, reached after four subcultures performed at 30-days in culture. In vitro propagation occurred by both direct (DO) and indirect (IO) organogenesis. The highest regeneration rates by DO (50% to 100%) were reached on media containing only BA, while morphogenic calluses (IO) were mainly formed with BA+KIN. Explants on media with BA showed the presence of small black nodules on their surface, and histological analysis revealed the presence of trichomes with anthocyanin content. Elongation and rooting were reached on growth regulator-free MS. Acclimatization rates around 80% were achieved and the in vitro-regenerated plants were successfully maintained under field conditions. Results show significant morphogenetic potential of T. rosea from leaf explants, mainly when cultivated in the presence of 4.4 µM BA, providing a new alternative source of plant material for biotechnological and in vitro conservation studies.

scholarly journals Isolated culture of A. reptance L., its’ morphological and growth features

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Elen Poghosyan ◽  
Naira Sahakyan ◽  
Margarit Petrosyan ◽  
Irina Batlutskaya ◽  
Karen Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

A growing demand for the ecologically pure products brings us for searching novel biotechnological approaches for plant cultivation. One of these approaches is the in vitro cultivation and further acclimatization of valuable plant species. The object of our investigation was Ajugareptance L. ornamental plant which possesses high metabolic activity. In vitro cultivation was carried out applying Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and its modifications. Acclimatization of in vitro plants was implemented according Hazarika. In the presence of twice higher concentration of cytokinins over auxins and 0.2 mg/ml gibberellins callus culture was formed from the leaf explants. Callus tissue was formed in the presence of 0.2 mg/ml kinetin and 2 mg/ml indole-3-acetic acid which has denser structure than the first one. The shoot formation was observed on callus cultures growing on the same medium approximately after 5th passage. Callus culture growth was supported also by the adding of 2 mg/ml 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. For the micropropagation, the already formed shoots were transferred to the nutrient medium which contains only 0.1 mg/ml 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid as a phytohormone. A. reptans culture has high regenerative ability and the micro-propagation index was 104 – 105. In vitro regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized to the soil conditions during two-week period.

scholarly journals Thymol Production from Callus Culture of Nigella sativa L.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel K. Al-Ani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
First Report ◽  
Callus Production

Roots, hypocotyls and leaves of Nigella sativa L. were collected from the seedlings  raised on sterilized filter paper and cultured on MS supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 mg/l) and Kn (0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 5.0). The best callus production was obtained from leaf explants with 1 mg/l 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/l Kn. The higher thymol concentrations were extracted after 75 days for the above callus; which was detected by HPLC using retention time. This is the first report in Iraq about extracting thymol from callus of Nigella sativa. Key words: Thymol produiction, Callus culture, Nigella sativa D. O.I. .3329/ptcb.v18i2.3649 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 18(2): 181-185, 2008 (December)

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PHYSIOCHEMICAL FACTORS ON REGENERATION OF CYMBOPOGON POLYNEUROS STAPF VIA CALLUS CULTURE AND SUBSEQUENT CHROMOSOMAL STABILITY

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Anath Bandhu Das
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
The Individual

In vitro regeneration of Cymbopogon polyneuros Stapf was obtained through callus culture using leaf base, node, and root as explants. Callus was induced from different explants with 2–5 mg/1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1–2 mg/1 kinetin in Murashige and Skoog's (MS) basal medium. High frequency shoots were noticed from leaf-base callus supplemented with 3.5 mg/1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), L-arginine, adenine, and a low level of NAA (0.2 mg/1). About 80–85 shoot buds were obtained from ca. 200 mg of callus per culture. The individual shoots produced root in the presence of 0.5–3 mg/1 indole 3-butyric acid or its potassium salt. Regenerated plants were cytologically and phenotypically stable. Regenerants were transplanted into soil and subsequently transferred to the field.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Ophiorrhiza eriantha Wight. through Leaf Explant Cultures

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Jaimsha Rani ◽  
P. V. Fijesh ◽  
Jose Padikkala
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Key Words Camptothecin ◽  
Explant Cultures ◽  
Grown Plant

Leaf explants of Ophiorrhiza eriantha cultured in MS supplemented with the combination of NAA 4 mg/l  and BA 0.5 mg/l induced higher callus growth. The maximum number of shoots were produced from callus on the MS supplemented with BA 5 mg/l. The regenerated shoots were transferred into the auxin containing medium for rooting and IBA 3 mg/l supplemented medium produced maximum number of roots per shoot. Camptothecin (anticancer drug) was isolated from O. eriantha wild grown plant and in vitro regenerated plants, and was confirmed by LC-MS-MS. The camptothecin content in wild grown plant, callus and regenerated plants were quantified by HPLC system. Key words: Camptothecin, Leaf explants, Ophiorrhiza eriantha, Micropropagation                      D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v20i1.5960 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 20(1): 13-20, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Induction in vitro of adventitious morphogenesis in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants using cytokinins from adenine and diphenylurea groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
N. V. Solovykh ◽  
M. B. Yankovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Organogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Cultivation In Vitro ◽  
Isolated Tissues

The eff ect of cytokinins from the adenine and diphenylurea groups on adventitious organogenesis in vitro in isolated tissues of the genus Rubus plants was studied. Leaf explants and callus of red raspberry of the Volnitsa variety, blackberry of the Chester Thornless variety and the Rubus odoratus species were cultivated in the dark at a temperature of +25 ±2 °C on Murashige and Skoog medium. The medium contained 0.5 mg/l of gibberellic acid (HA), 0.5 mg/l of indolylacetic acid (IAA), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) at concentrations of 0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/l or thidiazuron (TDZ) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/l. The number of explants that formed adventitious shoots and the number of shoots per explant were taken into account. It has been established that for the induction of adventitious morphogenesis from leaf explants and calluses of red raspberry and blackberry the use of 6-BAP is more eff ective, thydiazuron is more eff ective for Rubus odoratus. The optimal concentration for 6-BAP is 2 mg/l and 0.2 mg/l for TDZ. Exceeding these concentrations of cytokinins can cause shoot vitrifi cation. For blackberry, it is possible to increase the content of 6-BAP in the medium for the induction of morphogenesis to 4 mg/l. The unequal ability to regenerate adventitious shoots in diff erent genotypes was revealed. In optimal variants of the experiment, the maximum frequency of their formation ranged from 13.3 % in Rubus odoratus to 40.0 % in blackberry. The use of the established optimal concentrations of growth regulators made it possible to obtain regenerated plants from callus that underwent long-term cultivation (for 10 months) on artifi cial nutrient media during tissue selection for tolerance to heavy metal salts and pesticides. Despite the reduced morphogenetic potential of tissues undergoing prolonged cultivation in vitro, 3 red raspberry regenerant plants and 1 Rubus odoratus plant were obtained from callus selected for tolerance to cobalt chloride. 9 blackberry plants and 7 red raspberry plants were regenerated from the tissues selected for pesticide tolerance.

scholarly journals Precise Incubation Period for the Agrobacterium- mediated Transformation Efficiency in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cvs. Cardinal and Atlas

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
S. R. Sarker ◽  
M. Hossain ◽  
F. Shirin
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Transformation Efficiency ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Gus Activity ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Key Words Transformation ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Average Transformation

Precise incubation period facilitates significant response to Agrobacterium- mediated genetic transformation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cvs. Atlas and Cardinal. The protocol yielded an average transformation rate of 58.4% for internodal explants compared to 38% for leaf explants in Atlas while 47.6% for intenodal explants as against 7.6% for leaf explants in Cardinal. Highest survival rate and transient GUS activity were shown by Atlas and Cardinal at 45 min of incubation with Agrobacterium. The plants were analyzed histochemically for GUS activity in their leaves and internodes. All these analysis indicated that each independently selected and regenerated plants of Atlas and Cardinal were GUS positive and transient.  Key words:  Transformation, Incubation period, Potato cultivars D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5440 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 227-235, 2009 (December)

Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation and Expression of Foreign Genes in Medicago truncatula

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghong Wang ◽  
RJ Rose ◽  
BI Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Gene Location ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Legume Symbiosis ◽  
Foreign Genes

Medicago truncatula Gaertn. (barrel medic) is a pasture legume and a model plant for studying the molecular genetics of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Using the highly regenerable seed line Jemalong 2HA and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (LBA4404), Medicago truncatula can be reliably transformed. The binary vector utilised was pBI121 containing the nptII and uidA genes under the control of the NOS and CaMV 35S promoters, respectively. Kanamycin-resistant embryogenic calli were produced from 17% of the initial leaf explants and on average each one of these embryogenic calli produced a single regenerated plantlet. Regenerated plants showed varying gene copy number and gene location. GUS activity was detected in roots, stems and leaves. The progeny of a regenerated plant containing a single gene copy segregated in a Mendelian fashion. This study confirms the value of Jemalong 2HA for producing transgenic plants for biological and agricultural studies.

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Somatic Embryogenesis and Plantlet Development of Turkey Berry (Solanum torvum SW)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ghan Singh Maloth ◽  
Rajinikanth Marka ◽  
Rama Swamy Nanna
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Solanum Torvum ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Regenerated Plants

In the present study it was reported on direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cotyledon and leaf explants of Turkey berry/pea egg plant (Solanum torvum SW), a medicinally important plant. Somatic embryogenesis has several advantages over other routes of in vitro plant regeneration. Somatic embryogenesis was induced directly from cotyledon and leaf explants on MS medium fortified with BAP (0.5 mg/L)+NAA (0.5-6.0 mg/L). High percentage of somatic embryogenesis (90%), maximum number of somatic embryos formation (62±0.18)  along with high percentage (76%) conversion of somatic embryos into bipolar embryos was observed on cotyledon explants in 0.5 mg/L BAP+2.5 mg/L NAA. At the same concentration of BAP (0.5 mg/L)+NAA (2.5 mg/L) also resulted  on the maximum percentage of somatic embryogenesis (92%), the highest number of somatic embryos formation (88±0.15) and the highest percentage (76%) of somatic embryos conversion into bipolar embryos in leaf explants. A mixture of globular, heart and torpedo-shaped embryos were germinated on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IAA+1.0-4.0 mg/L BAP. Maximum germination frequency (75±0.14) of somatic embryos and plantlet formation was found in 0.5 mg/L IAA+2.0 mg/L BAP, but they didn’t germinate on ½ MSO and MSO media. The survival rate of regenerated plants after field transfer was recorded to be 75%. These regenerated plants were found morphologically similar to donor plants. The present protocol can be used for conservation of the species and also for genetic transformation experiments in S. torvum.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity of Canthium parviflorum Lam by RAPD and ISSR markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokkanti Mallikarjuna ◽  
Chandra Kala Sirigiri ◽  
Ratnakar Reddi K.V.N. ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Akila ◽  
Obul Reddy Puli Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rapd And Issr

Canthium parviflorum Lam is an important medicinal plant widely used in traditional systems of medicine with propagation limitations. In the present work, we are reporting the genetic diversity analysis of naturally occurring and in vitro grown plants by RAPD and ISSR markers. The plants developed on MS medium supplemented with BA (2mg/l) and NAA (0.5mg/l) using nodal and leaf explants were used along with plants present in five different geographical areas. Genetic diversity analysis using DNA based markers, RAPD and ISSR indicated that considerable genetic variations are present in naturally occurring plants. It is also indicated that tissue culture plants and their wild relatives show genetic similarity by grouping into one clad. The amplification products of the regenerated plants showed similar banding patterns to that of the mother plant thus demonstrating the homogeneity of the micropropagated plants. The variations observed in naturally occurring plants could be due to the impact of local environmental factors and accumulation of mutations in the course of evolution. This is the first report on genetic diversity of Canthium plant populations.

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