THE HOUSING COMPONENT IN A MINIMUM STANDARD OF LIVING: A Review of Present Methods for Calculating Rent Allowances in Poverty Lines.

1950 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-552
Author(s):  
BRUNHILDE HELM
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Housing Component ◽  
Poverty Lines

scholarly journals Re-thinking the Incrementalist Thesis in China: A Reflection on the Development of the Minimum Standard of Living Scheme in Urban and Rural Areas

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAK KWAN CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Reform ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

AbstractMany commentators contend that the Chinese government adopted an incremental approach to welfare policy reform because its leaders lacked an overall blueprint for it, allowing initiatives to be implemented only after lengthy experimentation. While this perspective has provided an essential account of the implementation and changes of some welfare programmes, it has inadequately addressed the slow progress in rural areas' welfare programmes and the different welfare entitlements for rural and urban residents. Further investigation is therefore required to resolve these anomalies. Using the minimum standard of living scheme (MSLS) as a case example, this article illustrates how the Chinese government's legitimacy needs, during different stages of its economic reforms, have been the principal motivation for the implementation of such schemes. The introduction of an urban MSLS in 1997 aimed to reduce laid-off workers' dissatisfaction following the government's reforms of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The implementation of a rural MSLS in 2007 was intended principally to minimise conflicts between land-losing farmers and local officials after widespread rural riots. These MSLSs are also minimal and stigmatising public-assistance schemes that fulfil the dual objective of securing a stable political environment for economic reform and maintaining poor people's work ethic for China's mixed economy.

Prospect of forestry in poverty alleviation in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 024-030
Author(s):  
T. O. Ibrahim ◽  
A. O. Ogunsiji ◽  
O. I. Bolanle-Ojo ◽  
A. A. Jayeola
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Future Effect

The subject of poverty alleviation cannot be over emphasized, this is because its incidence is rampant worldwide and most importantly in the developing countries such as Nigeria. A significant number of the populace, both in the rural and urban centers of the country is affected by poverty. Different scholars have defined poverty and a simple, succinct and encompassing definition is that it is a condition where an individual is not able to adequately cater for his/her basic needs or lacks minimum standard of living. There are many causes of poverty and they all have immediate and future effect on the group of people affected. Many attempts have been made to lessen poverty in Nigeria by successive administration but failed due to one reason or the other. Nigeria has been described by many people as a blessed country and “a land flowing with milk and honey”, this is because of the natural resources that the country has among which Forest is. Forests consist of trees, shrubs and diverse animals living in them. Careful and sustainable management of these natural and artificial forests has hope of drastically reducing poverty to the barest minimum in Nigeria.

Commonwealth Consultative Committee for South and Southeast Asia

1951 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-844
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Commonwealth Of Nations ◽  
British Commonwealth ◽  
British Commonwealth Of Nations ◽  
Foreign Ministers

At the first meeting of the foreign ministers of the British Commonwealth of Nations in Colombo, Ceylon, January 9 to 15, 1950, the Minister of External Affairs of Australia (Spender) proposed a program of economic assistance to south and southeast Asia aimed at supplying, first, the necessary consumers goods to maintain a minimum standard of living in areas now on the verge of starvation; second, assistance necessary to increase production; and, third, capital equipment. The proposal was referred to the several Commonwealth governments, as, in the words of the final communiqué, “Executive decisions are not taken at Commonwealth meetings of this kind; but, as a result of the valuable exchange of views which has taken place, recommendations for the furtherance of economic development in South and Southeast Asia will be submitted to Commonwealth Governments for their consideration”.

scholarly journals Lebanese Women in Poverty

1970 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Myriam Sfeir
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Environment Policy

The realms of human existence - the state, the economy, society, culture and the environment." (Policy Eradication: A Policy Framework for Country Strategies. UNDP, 1995). A person is considered poor if he/she fails to procure a minimum standard of living, considered the norm, which is socially determined.

scholarly journals Zakah Collection and Distribution Management: A Case Study of MAIDAM in Terengganu

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Shahirah binti Mat Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Line ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Distribution Management ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Direct Payments

Zakah is one of the systems to promote wealth-sharing among the Muslims in assuring a minimum standard of living for them. The problems associated with the distribution of zakah and poverty are damaging the performance and achievement of the zakah institution itself. The statistics on the distribution of zakah shows that the poor and extreme poor in Terengganu has been increased over the last few years. In addition, there are people who pay zakah directly to the asnaf while such payments of zakah are not being recorded. Thus, an efficient management for zakah in terms of collection and distribution can contribute to the achievement of the utmost objective of zakah. This qualitative mode of study investigates the activities of zakah collection and distribution that are being practiced by MAIDAM. This study uses the semi-structured interviews to collect the primary data. The study interviews the staff from the Majlis Agama Islam Dan Adat Melayu (Islamic Religious Council and Malay Customs), known as MAIDAM, whereby several issues have been asked and discussed to achieve the objectives. MAIDAM is the only organization that collects and distributes zakah in Terengganu. The study finds that MAIDAM has been using several channels for the zakah payers to make direct payments to MAIDAM. Besides, MAIDAM has collaborations with other organizations to distribute the funds effectively. The study posits that zakah is to be distributed in sustainable modes such as in a form of small financing for needy SMEs to achieve the objective of eradicating poverty line and minimizing income inequality.

On The Matter of Begging in Bulgarian Criminal Law

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Stavreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Deviant Behaviour

The article addresses two major problems: poverty and begging. Poverty is a state or condition in which a person lacks financial resources and essentials for a minimum standard of living. The deprivation of access to fresh water, food or sanitation forces people into carrying out various life-sustaining activities in public spaces. One of these activities is begging on the streets. Unfortunately, begging has been socially stigmatised in numerous European countries, including Bulgaria, as immoral and deviant behaviour. In Bulgaria, begging has been criminalised under Art. 329, Para. 2 of the Criminal Code. Nevertheless, the issue lies in the fact that criminalising begging will not put an end to poverty. On the contrary, it threatens the existence and the exercise of fundamental human rights, which is why legislators should reconsider the criminal policy and eventually decriminalise begging.

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