Improvement in emotional eating associated with an enhanced body image in obese women: mediation by weight-management treatments' effects on self-efficacy to resist emotional cues to eating

Introduction. Exercise may improve one's perceived ability to control overeating related to negative emotions through psychological pathways such as reduced depression; however, the volume required is unclear.Methods. Severely obese women () participated in a 24-week exercise and nutrition treatment incorporating self-regulatory skills training, and were assessed on depression, self-efficacy, self-regulatory skills usage, weight, and waist circumference, at baseline and treatment end.Results. Subjects completing low-moderate (40–149.9 minutes/week) and public health (≥150 minutes/week) volumes of exercise had significant and similar reductions in depression scores. No significant changes were found for those completing <40 minutes/week. For all subjects aggregated, depression change was significantly related to change in self-efficacy to control emotional eating; however, this relationship was completely mediated by changes in self-regulatory skill usage. When changes in depression, self-efficacy, and self-regulatory skills usage were entered into multiple regression equations as predictors, only self-regulatory skill changes explained significant unique portions of the overall variance in weight and weight circumference change.Discussion. Exercise of less than half the public health recommendation was associated with depression improvement, with no dose-response effect. Changes in depression, self-efficacy, and self-regulation may be salient variables to account for in behavioral weight-loss treatment research.

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Changes in Self-Efficacy and Decisional Balance for Exercise among Obese Women in a Weight Management Program

Obesity Research ◽

10.1002/j.1550-8528.1999.tb00408.x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 288-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Bernardine M. Pinto ◽

Matthew M. Clark ◽

Dean G. Cruess ◽

Lynda Szymanski ◽

Vincent Pera

Keyword(s):

Weight Management ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Management Program ◽

Weight Management Program ◽

Obese Women

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Effects of the Weight Management Program Based Self-Efficacy for Body Composition, Blood Lipid Profile, Weight Self-Efficacy Lifestyles, Depression in Middle-Aged Obese Women

Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing ◽

10.4040/jkan.2006.36.8.1359 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 36 (8) ◽

pp. 1359 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nam Hee Park ◽

Hye Gyung An

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Weight Management ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Management Program ◽

Weight Management Program ◽

Obese Women ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Blood Lipid Profile

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Weight-Related Teasing of Adolescents Who Are Primarily Obese: Roles of Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16091540 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1540 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carolyn E. Ievers-Landis ◽

Carly Dykstra ◽

Naveen Uli ◽

Mary Ann O’Riordan

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

At Risk ◽

Body Image ◽

Weight Management ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Sociocultural Attitudes ◽

Management Interventions ◽

Z Scores

Adolescents who are obese are at risk for being teased about their appearance with the concomitant negative psychological sequelae. Identifying modifiable variables associated with teasing could inform pediatric weight-management interventions. Characterizing society’s role in the victimization of these at-risk individuals could guide anti-bullying programs for schools and broader public health efforts. This study aims to examine novel societal and cognitive factors associated with weight-related teasing frequency. Participants were adolescents (N = 334) being evaluated for a hospital-affiliated weight-management program. The outcome was perceived weight-related teasing frequency. Predictors were sociocultural awareness and internalization of appearance-related attitudes, physical activity self-efficacy, and psychological functioning. Multivariate regressions controlled for demographics and body mass index (BMI) z-scores with separate regressions testing interactions of BMI z-scores with all predictors. In adjusted analyses, higher physical activity self-efficacy and fewer depressive symptoms related to lower teasing frequency. Interactions indicated that less awareness/internalization of sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, more positive body image, and higher self-esteem related to lower teasing frequency regardless of BMI. Targeted interventions and public health campaigns should be developed and tested for adolescents that improve body image with promotion of diverse views about attractiveness, bolster confidence in overcoming physical activity barriers, and identify and treat mood symptoms.

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Weight Stigma and Weight-Related Health: Associations of Self-Report Measures Among Adults in Weight Management

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/abm/kaaa026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (11) ◽

pp. 904-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rebecca L Pearl ◽

Rebecca M Puhl ◽

Mary S Himmelstein ◽

Angela M Pinto ◽

Gary D Foster

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Image ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Weight Management ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Weight Stigma ◽

Self Report ◽

Internalized Stigma ◽

Self Monitoring

Abstract Background Weight stigma impairs health. Few studies have disentangled the associations of experienced versus internalized stigma with weight-related outcomes. Purpose To examine weight and health variables associated with weight stigma experiences and internalization in the largest-to-date sample of adults in weight management. Methods WW (formerly Weight Watchers) members (N = 18,769, 94.6% female, 91.1% white) completed an online survey from 2017 to 2018. Participants reported whether they had experienced weight stigma and, if so, the onset, past-year frequency and distress, and interpersonal sources of stigma. Participants completed the Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) and self-reported: past-year weight and lifetime weight cycles; current self-monitoring behaviors; eating self-efficacy; physical activity; perceived stress; eating to cope; body image; and mental and physical health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL). Participants reported their demographic characteristics, including height and weight to compute body mass index. Results In logistic and linear regression analyses (controlling for participant characteristics), WBIS-M scores were negatively associated with weight loss, self-monitoring, eating self-efficacy, body image, and mental HRQOL and positively associated with weight gain, weight cycling, perceived stress, and eating to cope (p < .001). Experiencing weight stigma was associated with greater weight loss and less weight gain, although associations with other variables had small effect sizes (absolute β values < 0.10). WBIS-M scores remained significantly associated with all variables when including stigma onset, frequency/distress, and sources. Conclusions Internalized, but not experienced, weight stigma was consistently associated with adverse weight and health factors. Developing and testing interventions targeting internalized stigma in the context of weight management should be a research priority.

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Changing Weight Management Self-efficacy Among Obese Puerto Rican Adults: A Quantitative Study using a Health Coaching Intervention

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice ◽

10.46743/1540-580x/2020.1867 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Richard Valentin Ayala ◽

Josh Bernstein

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Weight Management ◽

Quantitative Study ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Health Coaching ◽

Positive Health ◽

Obesity Epidemic ◽

Coaching Intervention ◽

Study Results

Purpose: Obesity and associated healthcare-related issues continue to increase. The prevalence of obesity is on the rise, which has led many health professionals to find ways to improve health interventions. Health coaching can be a viable tool to reduce the obesity epidemic. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the effects of an 8-weekhealth coaching intervention in obese individuals from Puerto Rico and to determine if self-esteem and body image influence weight managementself-efficacy. Method: A pretest-posttest design using a weight management self-efficacy scale helped the researcher evaluate the effectof the coaching sessions. In addition, body image was measured using the 9-figure Body Size Scale and self-esteem was analyzedwith the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Forty Hispanic adult men and women participated in the study. Results: Health coaching had a statistically significant effect on weight management self-efficacy (t (39) = -6.58, p < .001). Additionally, body image and self-esteem affected weight management self-efficacy and positive health coaching outcomes were significant regardless of positive or negative perceived body image. Conclusions: These findings suggest that body image and self-esteem should be considered when creating programs for obesity and a health coaching program can be effective in increasing weight management self-efficacy.

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Outcome of Group Therapy for Body-Image Emotionality and Weight-Control Self-Efficacy

Behavioural Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s0141347300016931 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 155-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Vivien J. Lewis ◽

Alan J. Blair ◽

David A. Booth

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Group Therapy ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Emotional Eating ◽

Weight Control ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Personal Effectiveness ◽

Therapy Sessions

Long-term maintenance of weight loss is generally poor after clinical interventions, whether behavioural, cognitive-behavioural, dietary, pharmacological or surgical. This may be because self-assertion regarding body shape and self-efficacy in weight control are insufficiently encouraged in clients. Semi-structured group therapy sessions with written handouts were therefore designed to strengthen personal effectiveness and self-esteem. The therapy sessions also provided information about successful dieting behaviour, and encouragement of less switching between dieting strategies, less emotional eating, and more resistance to inappropriate social pressures. The clients were 24 women with a median (range) Body Mass Index of 28.9 (24.6–48.5) kg/m2, referred by their General Practitioners or self-referred. They participated in eight weekly therapeutic sessions in four groups and were followed up six months after the final session. There were large improvements during therapy in reported self-esteem, emotional overeating, personal effectiveness and self-efficacy, habit variation, and attitudes to body-size, improvements which were maintained at follow-up. In addition, there was a significant loss of body weight during therapy, with further loss observed at follow-up. Thus it is practicable to achieve marked reductions in professed problems with body image and eating control, changes that are theoretically necessary to empower clients to choose appropriate weight targets and to make progress towards them.

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