Peasant agency in Ghana's oil palm sector: The impact of multiple markets on food sovereignty

The establishment of oil palm companies let impact on society. The purpose of this study was to know the social and economic impact of the establishment of oil palm company on the community. This research was conducted from May to July 2019 in Loleng Village, Kota Bangun District, Kutai Kartanegara District. Oil palm company exists in there namely PT. Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri. Number of respondents was as many as 44 respondents divided into two parts, namely 22 respondents are residing close to the company and 22 respondents are living far away from the company. The method of data analysis that used was descriptive analysis. The research results showed that oil palm company let positive impact on the community who live near to the company. The establishment of company opens employment opportunities, increases people's living standards, and opens business opportunities. The company gives many help for community lives near the company such as financial assistance to orphans, school repair assistance, and road repair assistance. People who live far away from the company did not have the positive impact.

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Pteroteinon laufella.

10.1079/cpc.119318.20210099911 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Cock

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Feeding Damage ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

The Impact

Abstract Writing about Zophopetes cerymica (which they considered more common) and P. laufella combined, Mariau and Morin (1974) state that attacks can be on palms of all ages, including young palms recently planted out. At this age, defoliation of the plants delays their subsequent development. Outbreaks on older trees are rarer, and the damage often less important; these attacks are generally localized at the edge of plantations. Mariau et al. (1981) add that the highest fronds are the most often damaged. Herder et al. (1994) refer to regular outbreaks of P. laufella on oil palm in southern Côte d'Ivoire. There are no more substantive reports on the impact of the feeding damage by these hesperiids.

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Characterization of Hybrid Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch/Woven Kenaf Fabric-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12092052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2052

Author(s):

Farah Hanan ◽

Mohammad Jawaid ◽

Md Tahir Paridah ◽

Jesuarockiam Naveen

Keyword(s):

Impact Strength ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Epoxy Composites ◽

Void Content ◽

Empty Fruit Bunch ◽

Kenaf Fiber ◽

The Impact ◽

Woven Kenaf

In this research, the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) mat/woven kenaf fabric-reinforced epoxy composites have been investigated. The oil palm EFB/woven kenaf fabrics were varied, with weight ratios of 50/0 (T1), 35/15 (T2), 25/25 (T3), 15/35 (T4) and 0/50 (T5). The composites were fabricated using a simple hand lay-up technique followed by hot pressing. The result obtained shows that an increase in kenaf fiber content exhibited higher tensile and flexural properties. On the other hand, the opposite trend was observed in the impact strength of hybrid composites, where an increase in kenaf fiber content reduced the impact strength. This can be corroborated with the physical properties analysis, where a higher void content, water absorption and thickness swelling were observed for pure oil palm EFB (T1) composites compared to other samples. The scanning electron microscopy analysis results clearly show the different failure modes of the tensile fractured samples. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and shows significant differences between the obtained results.

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National general truck drivers’ strike and food security in a Brazilian metropolis

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980019001939 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (17) ◽

pp. 3220-3228

Author(s):

Mariana Souza Lopes ◽

Melissa Luciana de Araújo ◽

Aline Cristine Souza Lopes

Keyword(s):

Food Supply ◽

Food Sovereignty ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Truck Drivers ◽

Road Transportation ◽

Price Increases ◽

Change In The Mean ◽

The Mean ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjective:We analysed the impact of the national general truck drivers’ strike on the availability, variety and price of foods sold by a food supply centre.Design:Descriptive study using secondary data to examine the percentage change in the mean price of fruits, vegetables and eggs before, during and after the strike. The strike in Brazil lasted 10 d from 21 to 30 May 2018. The drivers were on strike in order to make diesel oil tax-free and to obtain better working conditions.Setting:The food supply centre, named CEASA-Minas Grande BH, was located in the metropolitan area of a Brazilian city.Participants:We examined twenty types of foods.Results:After 10 d, there was a ~30 % reduction in the availability of all types of foods and prices increased. Foods with the highest price increases included cabbage (233·3 %), potatoes (220·0 %), papaya (160·0 %) and oranges (78·6 %). At the end of the strike, we observed reductions in the price of eggs, fruits, vegetables, roots and tubers; however, some foods remained more expensive than before the strike, including chayote (203·2 % higher), cucumber (66·7 % higher) and potatoes (60·0 % higher).Conclusions:The general truck drivers’ strike was correlated with a reduction in the availability of food and, consequently, increases in price and possibly restrictions on access. The strike demonstrated the dependence of metropolises on road transportation and the conventional market. We speculate that initiatives aiming to shorten the food supply chain and promote food sovereignty and resilience of the supply circuits could be important.

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Transformation of Lowland Rainforest into Oil-palm Plantations and use of Fire alter Topsoil and Litter Silicon Pools and Fluxes

Silicon ◽

10.1007/s12633-020-00680-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara von der Lühe ◽

Laura Pauli ◽

Britta Greenshields ◽

Harold J. Hughes ◽

Aiyen Tjoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Fire Event ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Lowland Rainforest ◽

The Impact ◽

Effects Of Land Use ◽

Palm Frond

Abstract The effects of land use and fire on ecosystem silicon (Si) cycling has been largely disregarded so far. We investigated the impacts of land use and fire on Si release from topsoils and litter of lowland rainforest and oil-palm plantations in Jambi Province, Indonesia. Lower concentrations of Si in amorphous silica (ASi) were found in oil-palm plantation topsoils (2.8 ± 0.7 mg g− 1) compared to rainforest (3.5 ± 0.8 mg g− 1). Higher total Si concentrations were detected in litter from oil-palm frond piles (22.8 ± 4.6 mg g− 1) compared to rainforest litter (12.7 ± 2.2 mg g− 1). To test the impact of fire, materials were burned at 300 °C and 500 °C and were shaken with untreated samples in simulated rainwater for 28 h. Untreated oil-palm topsoils showed a significantly lower Si release (p≤ 0.05) compared to rainforest. The fire treatments resulted in an increased Si release into simulated rainwater. Si release from oil-palm topsoils and litter increased by a factor of 6 and 9 (500 °C), respectively, and Si release from rainforest topsoils and litter by a factor of 3 and 9 (500 °C). Differences between land use were related to initial ASi and litter Si concentrations, and to losses of soil organic matter during burning. We conclude that transformation of rainforest into oil palm plantations could be an important and immediate Si source after a fire event but may indirectly lead to a decrease in the long-term Si availability to plants.

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The Effects of Oil Palm Fruit Bunch (OPFB) Fiber and Coupling Agent Loadings on the Performance of Hybrid Composites

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.154 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 535-537 ◽

pp. 154-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anizah Kalam ◽

M.N. Berhan ◽

Hanafi Ismail

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Palm Fruit ◽

Degradation Tests ◽

Mechanical Performances ◽

The Impact ◽

Thermal Stability Of

Hybrid composites were prepared by incorporating oil palm fruit bunch (OPFB) fibre in the mixture of clay and polypropylene as secondary filler. OPFB and MAPP loadings were varied to investigate it effects on the performance. Tensile and impact tests were performed on the hybrid composites to evaluate their mechanical performances. Water absorption and thermal degradation tests were also conducted on the hybrid composites. Results indicated that the incorporation of OPFB in PP/PPnanoclay has decreased the thermal stability of hybrid composites. Tensile modulus of hybrid composites increased as the OPFB loading increases and further increased with the increasing of MAPP loading. Generally the tensile strength has decreased with the addition of OPFB, however slight increased was observed when the MAPP loading was increased. The impact strength has also increased with the increasing of OPFB for higher MAPP loading.

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Customary Rights of Farmers in Neoliberal India

10.1093/oso/9780190121006.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sophy K. Joseph

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Private Property ◽

Food Sovereignty ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Evolutionary Process ◽

Policy Reforms ◽

Rural Space ◽

Non Governmental Organizations ◽

Customary Rights ◽

The Impact

The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s Rights Act, 2001, promises to balance the intellectual property rights of plant breeders and farmers under one umbrella legislation. However, there remain several grey areas and the rights of farmers, in reality, are still tenuous. Though the rights framework was foregrounded on an understanding between non-governmental organizations and industry, there is lack of clarity at both conceptual and procedural levels. In this context, Sophy K. Joseph analyses the impact of legal policy reforms during the ongoing Second Green Revolution on farmers’ customary rights and livelihood. The author discusses how the extension of private property rights to plant varieties, seeds, and other agrarian resources changed the demographic composition of the rural space, with increased migration of cultivators to the cities. The book argues that the transition from state interventionism (during the First Green Revolution), to state abstention (in the Second Green Revolution) has dramatically influenced India’s conventional agrarian practices and traditions. This work maps the evolutionary process of neoliberal economic and legal policies and its interference with primary concerns such as food security, food sovereignty, and agrarian self-reliance of the country.

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Impacts of Current and Projected Oil Palm Plantation Expansion on Air Quality Over Southeast Asia

10.5194/acp-2016-158 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sam J. Silva ◽

Colette L. Heald ◽

Jeffrey A. Geddes ◽

Kemen G. Austin ◽

Prasad S. Kasibhatla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Southeast Asia ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Transport Model ◽

Chemical Transport Model ◽

Oil Palm Plantation ◽

Deposition Velocities ◽

Current Constellation ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Over recent decades oil palm plantations have rapidly expanded across Southeast Asia (SEA). According to the United Nations, oil palm production in SEA increased by a factor of 3 from 1995 to 2010. We investigate the impacts of current (2010) and future (2020) oil palm expansion in SEA on surface-atmosphere exchange and the resulting air quality in the region. For this purpose, we use satellite data, high-resolution land maps, and the chemical transport model GEOS-Chem. Relative to a no oil palm plantation scenario (~ 1990), overall simulated isoprene emissions in the region increase by 13 % due to oil palm plantations in 2010 and a further 11 % by 2020. In addition, the expansion of palm plantations leads to local increases in ozone deposition velocities of up to 20 %. The net result of these changes is that oil palm expansion in SEA increases surface O3 by up to 3.5 ppbv over dense urban regions, and could rise more than 4.5 ppbv above baseline levels by 2020. Biogenic secondary organic aerosol loadings also increase by up to 1 μg m−3 due to oil palm expansion, and could increase a further 2.5 μg m−3 by 2020. Our analysis indicates that while the impact of recent oil palm expansion on air quality in the region has been significant, the retrieval error and sensitivity of the current constellation of satellite measurements limit our ability to observe these impacts from space. Oil palm expansion is likely to continue to degrade air quality in the region in the coming decade and hinder efforts to achieve air quality regulations in major urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur and Singapore.

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