Multilevel Analysis of the Impact of School-Level Tobacco Policies on Adolescent Smoking: The Case of Michigan

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Jin Paek ◽  
Thomas Hove ◽  
Hyun Jung Oh
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
School Level ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Shorter lunch breaks lead secondary-school students to make less healthy dietary choices: multilevel analysis of cross-sectional national survey data

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1626-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lunch Break ◽  
Dietary Choice ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveAt the time of the study a number of schools within Wales had shortened the amount of time they allow for lunch break. The study investigated the association between length of lunch break and the dietary choices of students in secondary schools.DesignStudent-level data, collected through anonymised questionnaires, included reported dietary choices and correlates of these; data on school approaches to food were collected through postal surveys. Multilevel analysis was used to study the independent association between lunch-break length and student dietary choice.SettingData were collected from secondary schools in Wales that were part of the 2005/2006 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study.SubjectsThe final sample for analysis included data from 6693 students aged 11–16 years and 289 teachers from sixty-four secondary schools in Wales.ResultsOnce controlling for many individual-level and school-level factors, the length of time allowed for lunch across the range for schools included in the study (minimum =25 min, maximum =62·5 min) was associated with higher odds of students eating fruit for lunch (2·20; 95 % CI 1·18, 4·11) and fruit and vegetables on a daily basis (2·15; 95 % CI 1·33, 3·47) but lower odds of eating unhealthy foods on a daily basis (0·44; 95 % CI 0·24, 0·80).ConclusionsShorter lunch breaks are associated with less healthy dietary choices by students. Schools should consider the impact that lunch-break length has on student dietary choice as well as on other behaviours. Policy makers should work with schools in encouraging them to maintain lunch breaks of a length that allow pupils to make healthy choices.

scholarly journals School-Based Tobacco Control and Smoking in Adolescents: Evidence from Multilevel Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3422
Author(s):  
Seong Yeon Kim ◽  
Myungwha Jang ◽  
Seunghyun Yoo ◽  
Jung JeKarl ◽  
Joo Youn Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
School Level ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Impact

Since 2015, universal comprehensive school-based tobacco control programs have been provided in all primary and secondary schools in Korea. This study explored the association of school-level tobacco control with adolescent smoking, and the interactions to investigate whether gender moderates the impact of school tobacco control programs and school-level norms. Both school- and individual-level data were drawn from the 2015 School-Based Tobacco Prevention Program Survey. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed using data from 4631 students (ages 10–18 years) who were nested in 62 secondary schools in Seoul, Korea. Students who participated in more prevention programs were less likely to smoke (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.30–0.74). The effect of the programs was significantly moderated by gender. For boys, exposure to a greater number of programs decreased the risk of smoking (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.18–0.57) but not for girls. At the school level, the school norm regarding tobacco control regulations was negatively associated with smoking (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.11–0.76), and its effect was significant for girls only (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.76). This study highlights how the school environment is associated with adolescent smoking behavior, and the effects of programs and norms are different by gender. The findings suggest the need to develop strategies to enhance school-based tobacco control programs and the school norm considering gender differences.

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of school tobacco policies on adolescent smoking behaviour: a realist review

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (May Supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schreuders ◽  
Paulien Nuyts ◽  
Bas van den Putte ◽  
Anton Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Realist Review ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Understanding the impact of school tobacco policies on adolescent smoking behaviour: A realist review

2017 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schreuders ◽  
Paulien A.W. Nuyts ◽  
Bas van den Putte ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Realist Review ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals School tobacco policies and adolescent smoking in six European cities in 2013 and 2016: A school-level longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 106142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Mélard ◽  
Adeline Grard ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Robert ◽  
Mirte A.G. Kuipers ◽  
Michael Schreuders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
School Level ◽  
Tobacco Policies ◽  
European Cities

The Impact of using 3D Interactive Animation Tool in Teaching Computer Programming at the Senior High School Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Najim Ussiph ◽  
Hamidu Kwame Seidu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Instructional Method ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

A quasi experiment with interview was adopted to study the aptness of using 3D animations as an instructional method to introduce programming concepts to students at the Senior High School level. This research work was conducted with 100 students of Akroso Senior High School in the Birim central municipality of the eastern region of Ghana who were generally programming novice. Programming concepts considered included programming environments, loops, functions sequential and conditional execution of programs. A paired t-test carried out on the results of the performance test presents a p-value of 0.008 indicative of a numerically significant difference between the mean marks of participants during the experiments that used 3D animation method as against the experiments that used the text base method. Results from the interview showed that the instructional method used had impact on the performance of the learners. The use of 3D animation method presented programming concepts in a form that the learners can understand, motivates them to pursue programming related courses at a higher level and also impacts positively on their performance.

scholarly journals The impact of theory-based messages on COVID-19 vaccination intentions: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Young ◽  
Marie Kotzur ◽  
Lauren Gatting ◽  
Carissa Bonner ◽  
Julie Ayre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
General Information ◽  
School Level ◽  
Text And Image ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Full Protocol ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Illness Coherence

Abstract Objectives Uptake of vaccination against COVID-19 is key to controlling the pandemic. However, a significant proportion of people report that they do not intend to have a vaccine, often because of concerns they have about vaccine side effects or safety. This study will assess the impact of theory-based messages on COVID-19 vaccination intention, drawing on the Necessity-Concerns framework to address previously reported beliefs and concerns about COVID-19 vaccination, and assess whether hypothesised variables (illness coherence, perceived necessity and concerns) mediate change in vaccination intention. Trial design Prospective, parallel two-arm, individually randomised (1:1) trial. Participants Adults aged over 18 years, living in Scotland and not vaccinated for COVID-19. A quota sampling approach will be used with the aim of achieving a nationally representative sample on gender, region and ethnic group, with oversampling of individuals with no educational qualifications or with only school-level qualifications. Intervention and comparator Intervention: Brief exposure to online text and image-based messages addressing necessity beliefs and concerns about COVID-19 vaccination. Comparator: Brief exposure to online text and image-based messages containing general information about COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccination. Main outcomes Primary outcome: Self-reported intention to receive a vaccine for COVID-19 if invited, immediately post-intervention. Secondary outcomes: Self-reported COVID-19 illness coherence, perceived necessity of a COVID-19 vaccine and concerns about a COVID-19 vaccine, immediately post-intervention. Randomisation Quasi-randomisation performed automatically by online survey software, by creating a variable derived from the number of seconds in the minute that the participant initiates the survey. Participants starting the survey at 0-14 or 30-44 seconds in the minute are allocated to the intervention and 15-29 or 45-59 seconds to the comparator. Blinding (masking) Participants will not be blinded to group assignment but will not be informed of the purpose of the study until they have completed the follow-up survey. Investigators will be blinded to allocation as all procedures will be undertaken digitally and remotely without any investigator contact with participants. Numbers to be randomised (sample size) A total of 1,094 will be randomised 1:1 into two groups with 547 individuals in each. Trial Status Protocol version number 1.0, 26th February 2021. Recruitment status: Not yet recruiting, set to start April 2021 and end April 2021. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04813770, 24th March 2021. Full protocol The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol.

Teen Dating Violence Victimization Among High School Students: A Multilevel Analysis of School-Level Risk Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Parker ◽  
Sarah Lindstrom Johnson ◽  
Katrina J. Debnam ◽  
Adam J. Milam ◽  
Catherine P. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Teen Dating Violence ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Violence Victimization ◽  
Teen Dating
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