Understanding the impact of school tobacco policies on adolescent smoking behaviour: a realist review

ObjectiveLimited research has examined the association between smoking among schoolteachers and student smoking. This paper seeks to assess whether smoking visibility on school grounds among schoolteachers is associated with student smoking. We examine both smoking behaviour and the number of cigarettes consumed.MethodsWe use a school-based cross-sectional survey carried out by the Spanish Government’s Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs. A total of 27 503 students between 14 and 18 years of age completed an anonymous survey in 2013. Count data regressions were used to assess the association between observed teacher smoking and adolescent smoking behaviour.ResultsHigh levels of visibility of teacher smoking on school grounds increased the odds of being a smoker among students (OR=2.09 and OR=1.64, for the highest levels of visibility), but the impact on the quantity of cigarettes smoked, although positive, was not significant.ConclusionTeacher smoking on school grounds is associated with student smoking behaviour. Consequently, smoking policies designed to prevent adolescent smoking should address this important social environment.

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No smoke without fire: The impact of future friends on adolescent smoking behaviour

British Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1348/135910710x531608 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 170-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L. Mercken ◽

M. Candel ◽

L. van Osch ◽

H. de Vries

Keyword(s):

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Adolescent Smoking ◽

The Impact

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The Effect Of Family And Social Environment On Smoking Behaviour In Adolescence

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n2p62 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

Zoe Roupa ◽

Aristidis Vasilopoulos ◽

Chryssi Hatzoglou ◽

Konstantinos Gourgoulianis ◽

Antonios Kefaliakos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Environment ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Adolescent Smoking ◽

Social Environments ◽

Current Smoking ◽

Smoking Restrictions ◽

Peer Smoking ◽

Material Information ◽

The Impact

Background: Parental and peer smoking are considered major predictors of smoking in adolescence. We investigate the impact of family and social environment and parental anti-smoking socialization on the intensive and extensive margins of smoking for Greek adolescents. Method and Material: Information on 873 adolescents was collected through a self-reported survey and regression analysis examined associations with five different smoking outcomes (current/lifetime smoking status/intensity and onset). Subgroup analyses and interactions provided further insights. Results: Prevalence of adolescent smoking is high. Family and peer smoking habits and smoking restrictions at home reduce probability and intensity of smoking. Parental smoking increases probability of current smoking by 5% (95% CI: 0.01-0.09) as does having all your friends smoking by 30% (95% CI: 0.16-0.45). Parental anti-smoking advice delays onset of smoking by 0.76 years (95% CI: 0.15-1.39) but does not affect current smoking. Conclusion: Family and social environments play a significant role in preventing or promoting smoking and should be regarded as crucial factors when devising policy to curb adolescent smoking.

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The impact of school anti-tobacco policies on adolescent smoking behavior: a collective lifestyles perspective

Tobacco Prevention & Cessation ◽

10.18332/tpc/91260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement) ◽

Author(s):

Michael Schreuders

Keyword(s):

Smoking Behavior ◽

Adolescent Smoking ◽

Tobacco Policies ◽

The Impact

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Comparison of a preferred versus non-preferred waterpipe tobacco flavour: subjective experience, smoking behaviour and toxicant exposure

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053344 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 319-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Eleanor L Leavens ◽

Leslie M Driskill ◽

Neil Molina ◽

Thomas Eissenberg ◽

Alan Shihadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Subjective Experience ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Toxicant Exposure ◽

P Values ◽

Smoking Topography ◽

Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽

Continued Use ◽

The Impact ◽

Survey Questionnaires

IntroductionOne possible reason for the rapid proliferation of waterpipe (WP) smoking is the pervasive use of flavoured WP tobacco. To begin to understand the impact of WP tobacco flavours, the current study examined the impact of a preferred WP tobacco flavour compared with a non-preferred tobacco flavoured control on user’s smoking behaviour, toxicant exposure and subjective smoking experience.MethodThirty-six current WP smokers completed two, 45-minute ad libitum smoking sessions (preferred flavour vs non-preferred tobacco flavour control) in a randomised cross-over design. Participants completed survey questionnaires assessing subjective smoking experience, exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) testing, and provided blood samples for monitoring plasma nicotine. WP smoking topography was measured continuously throughout the smoking session.ResultsWhile participants reported an enhanced subjective smoking experience including greater interest in continued use, greater pleasure derived from smoking, increased liking and enjoyment, and willingness to continue use after smoking their preferred WP tobacco flavour (p values <0.05), no significant differences were observed in nicotine and carbon monoxide boost between flavour preparations. Greater average puff volume (p=0.018) was observed during the non-preferred flavour session. While not significant, measures of flow rate, interpuff interval (IPI), and total number of puffs were trending towards significance (p values <0.10), with decreased IPI and greater total number of puffs during the preferred flavour session.DiscussionThe current study is the first to examine flavours in WP smoking by measuring preferred versus control preparations to understand the impact on subjective experience, smoking behaviour and toxicant exposure. The pattern of results suggests that even this relatively minor manipulation resulted in significant changes in subjective experience. These results indicate a possible need for regulations restricting flavours in WP tobacco as with combustible cigarettes.

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Conversations about FGM in primary care: a realist review on how, why and under what circumstances FGM is discussed in general practice consultations

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039809 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e039809

Author(s):

Sharon Dixon ◽

Claire Duddy ◽

Gabrielle Harrison ◽

Chrysanthi Papoutsi ◽

Sue Ziebland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Theory Development ◽

Realist Review ◽

Primary Outcome Measure ◽

Mandatory Reporting ◽

Programme Theory ◽

Genital Mutilation ◽

The Impact

ObjectivesLittle is known about the management of female genital mutilation (FGM) in primary care. There have been significant recent statutory changes relevant to general practitioners (GPs) in England, including a mandatory reporting duty. We undertook a realist synthesis to explore what influences how and when GPs discuss FGM with their patients.SettingPrimary care in England.Data sourcesRealist literature synthesis searching 10 databases with terms: GPs, primary care, obstetrics, gynaecology, midwifery and FGM (UK and worldwide). Citation chasing was used, and relevant grey literature was included, including searching FGM advocacy organisation websites for relevant data. Other potentially relevant literature fields were searched for evidence to inform programme theory development. We included all study designs and papers that presented evidence about factors potentially relevant to considering how, why and in what circumstances GPs feel able to discuss FGM with their patients.Primary outcome measureThis realist review developed programme theory, tested against existing evidence, on what influences GPs actions and reactions to FGM in primary care consultations and where, when and why these influences are activated.Results124 documents were included in the synthesis. Our analysis found that GPs need knowledge and training to help them support their patients with FGM, including who may be affected, what needs they may have and how to talk sensitively about FGM. Access to specialist services and guidance may help them with this role. Reporting requirements may complicate these conversations.ConclusionsThere is a pressing need to develop (and evaluate) training to help GPs meet FGM-affected communities’ health needs and to promote the accessibility of primary care. Education and resources should be developed in partnership with community members. The impact of the mandatory reporting requirement and the Enhanced Dataset on healthcare interactions in primary care warrants evaluation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091996.

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The Impact of Self-Control Indices on Peer Smoking and Adolescent Smoking Progression

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/jsi079 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 139-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Janet Audrain-McGovern ◽

Daniel Rodriguez ◽

Kenneth P. Tercyak ◽

Geoffrey Neuner ◽

Howard B. Moss

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Smoking ◽

Self Control ◽

Peer Smoking ◽

The Impact

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Persepsi Pesan Gambar Pada Bungkus Rokok Dan Perilaku Merokok Remaja Di Kota Medan

Contagion: Scientific Periodical Journal of Public Health and Coastal Health ◽

10.30829/contagion.v2i2.8530 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Fauziah Nasution

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Primary Data ◽

Research Approach ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Product Packaging ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

Cigarette Packs

Introduction: The picture message policy on cigarette packets is regulated in Permenkes No. 28 of 2013 concerning the Inclusion of Warnings and Health Information on Tobacco Product Packaging. The purpose of the inclusion of pictorial health warnings (PKB) on cigarette packs is to prevent adolescents from smoking. By looking at the frightening picture on PKB, it hoped that young smokers would be motivated to quit smoking. Method: This study used a quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional design (cross-sectional) using primary data, this research conducted in Medan City. During January - June 2019. The population in this study were adolescents aged 18-23 years. The sample of this study was 215 teenagers. Data analysis used cross-tabulation descriptive analysis than presented in the form of a frequency distribution table using SPSS 22. Results: The results of this study indicate that the majority of respondents have smoking behaviour in the 19-20 year age group. The majority of respondents stated that they smoke 1-5 cigarettes a day. Teens who stated that they were not afraid of the impact of picture messages on cigarette packs had a 3,939 times risk of smoking compared to adolescents who expressed fear of the impact of picture messages on cigarette packs Conclusion: It hoped that the government could expand the picture message on cigarette packets to increase the desire to quit smoking and reduce the number of smokers in Indonesia. The image message on cigarette packs must be enlarged in order to reduce smoking behaviour in adolescents.

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Understanding the impact of school tobacco policies on adolescent smoking behaviour: a realist review