A cross sectional study of Mexican caregiver social status, dental knowledge, self‐efficacy, and caregiver/child oral health. A structural equation model

A few studies have provided detailed reports suggesting that subjective swallowing disorders may be related to dysphagia. Therefore, we verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity in cancer treatment using a cross-sectional study. Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital in Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), the Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and the Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and the OSEC tended to increase as the category of the FOIS progressed. To conclude, self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and may affect the severity of dysphagia in cancer patients.

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Associations between poverty, mental health and substance use, gender power, and intimate partner violence amongst young (18-30) women and men in urban informal settlements in South Africa: A cross-sectional study and structural equation model

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0204956 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. e0204956 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Andrew Gibbs ◽

Rachel Jewkes ◽

Samantha Willan ◽

Laura Washington

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Equation Model ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender Power ◽

Urban Informal Settlements

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Relating aspects of adolescents’ critical nutrition literacy at the personal level

Nutrire ◽

10.1186/s41110-021-00149-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Desire Alice Naigaga ◽

Kjell Sverre Pettersen ◽

Sigrun Henjum ◽

Øystein Guttersrud

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Equation Model ◽

Nutrition Information ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Personal Level ◽

Insight Into

Abstract Efforts targeting adolescents’ dietary behaviour have often focused on improving their access to nutrition information; however, adolescents report finding nutrition information difficult to understand. Exploring adolescents’ critical nutrition literacy might provide insight into how best to improve their use of available nutrition information. Purpose The purpose of this article is to explore how the two aspects of the critical nutrition literacy - critical evaluation of nutrition information’ and ‘engagement in dietary behaviour’ are linked at personal level. Additionally, the study sought to establish the association between critical nutrition literacy and self-efficacy in nutrition related subjects. Methods Applying a cross-sectional study design, the study sampled 1622 adolescents aged 15-16years, enrolled in 58 secondary schools in Norway. The adolescents responded to scales measuring self-efficacy and CNL. Using Lisrel 9.30, the study evaluated a structural equation model linking CNL and SEBH. Results The study yielded a simple yet theoretically sound model depicting the link between CNL and self-efficacy. Conclusion Efforts promoting adolescents’ nutrition literacy might benefit from increasing their self-efficacy in nutrition-related subjects.

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Impact of Sociodemographic Characteristics, Lifestyle, and Obesity on Coexistence of Diabetes and Hypertension: A Structural Equation Model Analysis amongst Chinese Adults

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2021/4514871 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Wenwen Wu ◽

Jie Diao ◽

Jinru Yang ◽

Donghan Sun ◽

Ying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Model ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Equation Model ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Background. In general, given the insufficient sample size, considerable literature has been found on single studies of diabetes and hypertension and few studies have been found on the coexistence of diabetes and hypertension (CDH) and its influencing factors with a large range of samples. This study aimed to establish a structural equation model for exploring the direct and indirect relationships amongst sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, obesity, and CDH amongst Chinese adults. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a representative sample of 25356 adults between June 1, 2015, and September 30, 2018, in Hubei province, China. Confirmatory factor analysis was initially conducted to test the latent variables. A structural equation model was then performed to analyse the association between latent variables and CDH. Results. The total prevalence of CDH was 2.8%. The model paths indicated that sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and obesity were directly associated with CDH, and the effects were 0.187, 0.739, and 0.353, respectively. Sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle were also indirectly associated with CDH, and the effects were 0.128 and 0.045, respectively. Lifestyle had the strongest effect on CDH (β = 0.784, P < 0.001 ), followed by obesity (β = 0.353, P < 0.001 ) and sociodemographic characteristics (β = 0.315, P < 0.001 ). All paths of the model were significant ( P < 0.001 ). Conclusion. CDH was significantly associated with sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and obesity amongst Chinese adults. The dominant predictor of CDH was lifestyle. Targeting these results might develop lifestyle and weight loss intervention to prevent CDH according to the characteristics of the population.

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Relationship between the Functional Oral Intake Scale and Self-efficacy Scale among Patients with Cancer: A Cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-23518/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuhei Matsuda ◽

Masaaki Karino ◽

Takahiro Kanno

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

Health Related ◽

Functional Oral Intake Scale

Abstract Background: A few studies suggest that self-efficacy pertaining to swallowing ability can lead to dysphagia. Therefore, this cross-sectional study verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity during cancer treatment. Methods: Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Results: A multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score category and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and OSEC scores tended to increase as the FOIS category progressed. Conclusion: These findings suggest that self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and it may affect the severity of dysphagia.

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Relating aspects of critical nutrition literacy at the personal level: using structural equation modelling to empirically test hypotheses

10.21203/rs.2.18579/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Desire Alice Naigaga ◽

Kjell Sverre Pettersen ◽

Sigrun Henjum ◽

Øystein Guttersrud

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Strong Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Equation Model ◽

Nutrition Information ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Survey System

Abstract Background: Whereas the majority of efforts targeting adolescents’ dietary behaviour have predominantly focused on improving their access to nutrition information, findings indicate that this approach has had little if any effect on their short-term dietary behaviour. Among the reasons for this is that adolescents report finding it difficult to understand the nutrition information that they access, and are thus unable to use the information as intended. Exploring critical nutrition literacy (CNL) might provide insight into how adolescents evaluate and apply the nutrition information that they get from different sources.Methods: The present study employed a cross-sectional study design, in which we sampled 1620 tenth graders, aged 15 and 16 years, enrolled at 58 secondary schools in Norway. Data collection: Using an electronic survey system, the participants responded to scales measuring ‘self-efficacy in Body and Health’ (SEBH), ‘evaluation of nutrition information’ (CNLEval and ‘engagement in dietary behaviour’ (CNLEng). Study hypotheses: We hypothesized that SEBH influences adolescents’ CNLEval and CNLEng, and that CNLEval influences CNLEng directly and mediates the effect of SEBH on CNLEng. Statistical analyses: Using Lisrel 9.30, the present study formulated and evaluated a hypothesized structural equation model (SEM) linking the two subdomains of CNL (CNLEval, CNLEng) and SEBH.Results: The study yielded a simple yet theoretically sound model linking CNL and SEBH; the adequate fit to the goodness-of-fit indices showed that the proposed model adequately described the data.Conclusions: The present study strengthened the hypothesis that there exists a strong association between CNL and SEBH, and between the two aspects of CNL-CNLEval and CNLEng. Hence, efforts aimed at promoting positive dietary behaviour in adolescents and enhancing their nutrition literacy efforts might benefit from enhancing their perceived self-efficacy in nutrition related subjects.

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