scholarly journals The impact of diurnal sleep on the consolidation of a complex gross motor adaptation task

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Hoedlmoser ◽  
Juergen Birklbauer ◽  
Manuel Schabus ◽  
Patrick Eibenberger ◽  
Sandra Rigler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Adaptation ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adaptation Task ◽  
Diurnal Sleep

scholarly journals The impact of sleep on complex gross‐motor adaptation in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Bothe ◽  
Franziska Hirschauer ◽  
Hans‐Peter Wiesinger ◽  
Janina Edfelder ◽  
Georg Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Adaptation ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Association between Malaria Infection and Early Childhood Development Mediated by Anemia in Rural Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 902
Author(s):  
Erin M. Milner ◽  
Patricia Kariger ◽  
Amy J. Pickering ◽  
Christine P. Stewart ◽  
Kendra Byrd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Social Delay ◽  
The Impact

Malaria is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years of age, with most cases occurring in Sub-Saharan Africa. Children in this age group in Africa are at greatest risk worldwide for developmental deficits. There are research gaps in quantifying the risks of mild malaria cases, understanding the pathways linking malaria infection and poor child development, and evaluating the impact of malaria on the development of children under five years. We analyzed the association between malaria infection and gross motor, communication, and personal social development in 592 children age 24 months in rural, western Kenya as part of the WASH Benefits environmental enteric dysfunction sub-study. Eighteen percent of children had malaria, 20% were at risk for gross motor delay, 21% were at risk for communication delay, and 23% were at risk for personal social delay. Having a positive malaria test was associated with increased risk for gross motor, communication, and personal social delay while adjusting for child characteristics, household demographics, study cluster, and intervention treatment arm. Mediation analyses suggested that anemia was a significant mediator in the pathway between malaria infection and risk for gross motor, communication, and personal social development delays. The proportion of the total effect of malaria on the risk of developmental delay that is mediated by anemia across the subscales was small (ranging from 9% of the effect on gross motor development to 16% of the effect on communication development mediated by anemia). Overall, malaria may be associated with short-term developmental delays during a vulnerable period of early life. Therefore, preventative malaria measures and immediate treatment are imperative for children’s optimal development, particularly in light of projections of continued high malaria transmission in Kenya and Africa.

Impaired Sensorimotor Adaption in Schizophrenia in Comparison to Age-Matched and Elderly Controls

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Claudia Cornelis ◽  
Livia J. De Picker ◽  
Violette Coppens ◽  
Anne Morsel ◽  
Maarten Timmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Adaptation ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Sensorimotor Adaptation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Reversal Task ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Gain Adaptation ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Adaptation Task

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The “cognitive dysmetria hypothesis” of schizophrenia proposes a disrupted communication between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, resulting in sensorimotor and cognitive symptoms. Sensorimotor adaptation relies strongly on the function of the cerebellum. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study investigated whether sensorimotor adaptation is reduced in schizophrenia compared with age-matched and elderly healthy controls. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-nine stably treated patients with schizophrenia, 30 age-matched, and 30 elderly controls were tested in three motor adaptation tasks in which visual movement feedback was unexpectedly altered. In the “rotation adaptation task” the perturbation consisted of a rotation (30° clockwise), in the “gain adaptation task” the extent of the movement feedback was reduced (by a factor of 0.7) and in the “vertical reversal task,” up- and downward pen movements were reversed by 180°. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with schizophrenia adapted to the perturbations, but their movement times and errors were substantially larger than controls. Unexpectedly, the magnitude of adaptation was significantly smaller in schizophrenia than elderly participants. The impairment already occurred during the first adaptation trials, pointing to a decline in explicit strategy use. Additionally, post-adaptation aftereffects provided strong evidence for impaired implicit adaptation learning. Both negative and positive schizophrenia symptom severities were correlated with indices of the amount of adaptation and its aftereffects. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Both explicit and implicit components of sensorimotor adaptation learning were reduced in patients with schizophrenia, adding to the evidence for a role of the cerebellum in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Elderly individuals outperformed schizophrenia patients in the adaptation learning tasks.

scholarly journals Study on impact of protein energy malnutrition on development in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2566
Author(s):  
Dhara Patel ◽  
Greeshma Issac
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Social Domain ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The Impact

Background: Majority of the children in India who live below the poverty line in an environment of deprivation and starvation have physical and developmental retardation. The Objective of this study to study the impact and comparison of protein energy malnutrition on the development with normal children.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study in which total 128 cases of protein energy malnutrition and 30 normal children were enrolled from nutritional rehabilitation center and in patients wards. The study population comprised of children less than 5 years of age, having weight for height/length ≤3 SD, with visible wasting, or bipedal oedema, with mid arm circumference <11.5 cm were assessed for their development in all four domains using Denver II developmental Screening Test (DDST-II).Results: The gross motor milestones are affected in 62.5% with grade4 PEM & 42.85% with grade 3, the fine motor component is affected more in grade 4 with other domains less affected, no significant relation of language delay with PEM was observed in this study, 40% of children with grade 4 PEM shows delay in social domain while 18.18% of the patients with grade 3 PEM show delay in social domain. No patients with grade 1 or grade 2 PEM showed delay in social domain. All four domains are affected in PEM with a maximum effect in gross motor, but the difference does not seem to be significant as the p value is 0.3 i.e.  >0.05 which is insignificant.Conclusions: My study on the effect of protein energy malnutrition on development proves that there in increasing delay in all the domains of development with increasing grade of malnutrition. Early detection of malnutrition in community can cause early intervention and increase the productivity of nation.

THE IMPACT OF THE BACK TO SLEEP CAMPAIGN ON GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn N. Oriel ◽  
Kevin Frazier ◽  
Melissa Lebron ◽  
Christopher Pinkerton ◽  
Tara Townsley
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Back To Sleep

scholarly journals Minimum Clinically Important Difference of Gross Motor Function and Gait Endurance in Children with Motor Impairment: A Comparison of Distribution-Based Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Alexander Storm ◽  
Maurizio Petrarca ◽  
Elena Beretta ◽  
Sandra Strazzer ◽  
Luigi Piccinini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Minimum Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Clinically Important Difference ◽  
Gross Motor Function Measure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Objective. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) is a standard way of measuring clinical relevance. The objective of this work was to establish the MCID for the 6-minute walking test (6minWT) and the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) in pediatric gait disorders. Methods. A cohort, pretest-posttest study was conducted in a hospitalized care setting. A total of 182 patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) or cerebral palsy (CP) performed 20 robot-assisted gait training sessions complemented with 20 sessions of physical therapy over 4 weeks. Separate MCIDs were calculated using 5 distribution-based approaches, complemented with an anonymized survey completed by clinical professionals. Results. The MCID range for the 6minWT was 20-38 m in the ABI cohort, with subgroup ranges of 20-36 m for GMFCS I-II, 23-46 m for GMFCS III, and 24-46 m for GMFCS IV. MCIDs for the CP population were 6-23 m, with subgroup ranges of 4-28 m for GMFCS I-II, 9-19 m for GMFCS III, and 10-27 m for GMFCS IV. For GMFM-88 total score, MCID values were 1.1%-5.3% for the ABI cohort and 0.1%-3.0% for the CP population. For dimension “D” of the GMFM, MCID ranges were 2.3%-6.5% and 0.8%-5.2% for ABI and CP populations, respectively. For dimension “E,” MCID ranges were 2.8%-6.5% and 0.3%-4.9% for ABI and CP cohorts, respectively. The survey showed a large interquartile range, but the results well mimicked the distribution-based methods. Conclusions. This study identified for the first time MCID ranges for 6minWT and GMFM-88 in pediatric patients with neurological impairments, offering useful insights for clinicians to evaluate the impact of treatments. Distribution-based methods should be used with caution: methods based on pre-post correlation may underestimate MCID when applied to patients with small improvements over the treatment period. Our results should be complemented with estimates obtained using consensus- and anchor-based approaches.

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