scholarly journals British Nutrition Foundation Healthy Eating Week 2020 – insights into the effect of COVID‐19 on eating and activity habits of adults and children in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-245
Author(s):  
Claire Theobald ◽  
Alex White
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk ◽  
British Nutrition Foundation

Contrasting Broad- and Clinically- defined Polygenic Indicators of Depression and Depression-related Phenotypes in Adults and Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. McGeary ◽  
Chelsie Benca-Bachman ◽  
Victoria Risner ◽  
Christopher G Beevers ◽  
Brandon Gibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Polygenic Scores ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

Twin studies indicate that 30-40% of the disease liability for depression can be attributed to genetic differences. Here, we assess the explanatory ability of polygenic scores (PGS) based on broad- (PGSBD) and clinical- (PGSMDD) depression summary statistics from the UK Biobank using independent cohorts of adults (N=210; 100% European Ancestry) and children (N=728; 70% European Ancestry) who have been extensively phenotyped for depression and related neurocognitive phenotypes. PGS associations with depression severity and diagnosis were generally modest, and larger in adults than children. Polygenic prediction of depression-related phenotypes was mixed and varied by PGS. Higher PGSBD, in adults, was associated with a higher likelihood of having suicidal ideation, increased brooding and anhedonia, and lower levels of cognitive reappraisal; PGSMDD was positively associated with brooding and negatively related to cognitive reappraisal. Overall, PGS based on both broad and clinical depression phenotypes have modest utility in adult and child samples of depression.

Current prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in adults and children in the UK

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1119-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Holman ◽  
B. Young ◽  
R. Gadsby
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Current Prevalence ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Iodine status of consumers of milk-alternative drinks v. cows’ milk: data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. Dineva ◽  
M. P. Rayman ◽  
S. C. Bath
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Milk is the main source of iodine in the UK; however, the consumption and popularity of plant-based milk-alternative drinks are increasing. Consumers may be at risk of iodine deficiency as, unless fortified, milk alternatives have a low iodine concentration. We therefore aimed to compare the iodine intake and status of milk-alternative consumers with that of cows’ milk consumers. We used data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey from years 7 to 9 (2014–2017; before a few manufacturers fortified their milk-alternative drinks with iodine). Data from 4-d food diaries were used to identify consumers of milk-alternative drinks and cows’ milk, along with the estimation of their iodine intake (µg/d) (available for n 3976 adults and children ≥1·5 years). Iodine status was based on urinary iodine concentration (UIC, µg/l) from spot-urine samples (available for n 2845 adults and children ≥4 years). Milk-alternative drinks were consumed by 4·6 % (n 185; n 88 consumed these drinks exclusively). Iodine intake was significantly lower in exclusive consumers of milk alternatives than cows’ milk consumers (94 v. 129 µg/d; P < 0·001). Exclusive consumers of milk alternatives also had a lower median UIC than cows’ milk consumers (79 v. 132 µg/l; P < 0·001) and were classified as iodine deficient by the WHO criterion (median UIC < 100 µg/l), whereas cows’ milk consumers were iodine sufficient. These data show that consumers of unfortified milk-alternative drinks are at risk of iodine deficiency. As a greater number of people consume milk-alternative drinks, it is important that these products are fortified appropriately to provide a similar iodine content to that of cows’ milk.

Preparation for safeguarding in UK pre-registration graduate nurse education

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie McGarry ◽  
Charley Baker ◽  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Anne Felton ◽  
Anirban Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Graduate Nurse ◽  
Nursing Curricula ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

Purpose – It is now widely acknowledged that health care professionals on the front line of care delivery will often be among the first to whom patients or clients who have experienced abuse will present or disclose abuse in a clinical context. It is therefore of pivotal importance that all health care professionals, including nurses, are adequately prepared at the earliest opportunity to effectively respond to a disclosure of abuse or identify where abuse may be suspected. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In order to address this contemporary challenge within health care the authors present a model, developed in the UK, for the embedding of safeguarding knowledge, skills and attitudes within undergraduate pre-registration nursing curricula. This model is integrative and focuses on the acquisition of knowledge and skills in the field of safeguarding vulnerable adults and children. Findings – Student evaluation to date has been extremely positive with the majority of student responses indicating that individuals felt that they had received the requisite level of educational support and knowledge to enable them to recognise concerns. However, it was also clear that students felt that the knowledge gained within the classroom setting needed to be effectively supported and translated in the practice setting. Practical implications – Safeguarding clearly forms a central part of professional accountability and responsibility. It is therefore pivotal that professionals receive the requisite education, skills and knowledge at the earliest opportunity. Originality/value – To the authors’ knowledge this initiative is novel in approach and as such has the potential to inform similar education programmes.

scholarly journals Diet, risk of obesity and socioeconomic circumstances of individuals in the UK: A seemingly unrelated approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Damilola Olajide ◽  
Anne Ludbrook
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Health Production ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food History ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Private Households ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Understanding the link between diet, risk of obesity and the underlying socioeconomic circumstances of the individual is useful for health promotion and improvement interventions. In this study, we examined the socioeconomic factors that jointly affect food consumption choices and risk of obesity. We analyse the National Dietary and Nutrition Survey (2000/01) of adults aged 19-64 years living in private households in the UK, using a health production framework. We used information on the complete food history on individuals in the previous week to create eight common food groups. We estimated a system of linear risk of obesity (as measured by Body Mass Index) and eight diet equations with error terms that are correlated across equations for a given individual, but are uncorrelated across individuals, using the seemingly unrelated regression method. Our findings indicate that the socioeconomic factors (e.g. income and education) associated with sources of healthy eating differ. While increasing household purchasing power may be more effective for increasing consumption of healthier foods such as fruit and vegetables, more knowledge and information about healthy eating may be more effective for cutting down on consumption of less healthy foods (e.g. preserves and savoury foods). An understanding of these different healthy eating contexts is essential for the development of effective targeted food based policies aimed at reducing the risk of obesity. Link to Appendix

scholarly journals Outcomes following early parenteral nutrition use in preterm neonates: protocol for an observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029065
Author(s):  
James Webbe ◽  
Nicholas Longford ◽  
Sabita Uthaya ◽  
Neena Modi ◽  
Chris Gale
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Early Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
The Uk

IntroductionPreterm babies are among the highest users of parenteral nutrition (PN) of any patient group, but there is wide variation in commencement, duration, and composition of PN and uncertainty around which groups will benefit from early introduction. Recent studies in critically unwell adults and children suggest that harms, specifically increased rates of nosocomial infection, outweigh the benefits of early administration of PN. In this study, we will describe early PN use in neonatal units in England, Wales and Scotland. We will also evaluate if this is associated with differences in important neonatal outcomes in neonates born between 30+0and 32+6weeks+daysgestation.Methods and analysisWe will use routinely collected data from all neonatal units in England, Wales and Scotland, available in the National Neonatal Research Database (NNRD). We will describe clinical practice in relation to any use of PN during the first 7 postnatal days among neonates admitted to neonatal care between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017. We will compare outcomes in neonates born between 30+0and 32+6weeks+daysgestation who did or did not receive PN in the first week after birth using a propensity score-matched approach. The primary outcome will be survival to discharge home. Secondary outcomes will include components of the neonatal core outcome set: outcomes identified as important by former patients, parents, clinicians and researchers.Ethics and disseminationWe have obtained UK National Research Ethics Committee approval for this study (Ref: 18/NI/0214). The results of this study will be presented at academic conferences; the UK charity Bliss will aid dissemination to former patients and parents.Trial registration numberNCT03767634

scholarly journals Updated good practice recommendations for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) in adults and children in the UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann L N Chapman ◽  
Sanjay Patel ◽  
Carolyne Horner ◽  
Helen Green ◽  
Achyut Guleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Service Evaluation ◽  
Consultation Process ◽  
Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Practice Recommendations ◽  
Extensive Consultation ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Uk

AbstractUK good practice recommendations for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) were published in 2012 and 2015 for adult and paediatric patients, respectively. Here we update the initial good practice recommendations in a combined document based on a further review of the OPAT literature and an extensive consultation process. As with the previous good practice recommendations, these updated recommendations are intended to provide pragmatic guidance for new and established OPAT services across a range of settings and to act as a set of quality indicators for service evaluation and quality improvement.

scholarly journals Nonprescription drugs recommended in guidelines for common pain conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Hagen ◽  
John Alchin
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nonprescription Drugs ◽  
First Line ◽  
The World ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Effective Pain Relief ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Topical Nsaids

Evidence-based pain guidelines allow recommendation of nonprescription analgesics to patients, facilitating self-care. We researched clinical practice guidelines for common conditions on websites of pain associations, societies, health institutions and organizations, PubMed, ProQuest, Embase, Google Scholar until April 2019. We wanted to determine whether there is a consensus between guidelines. From 114 identified guidelines, migraine (27) and osteoarthritis (26) have been published most around the world, while dysmenorrhea (14) is mainly discussed in developing countries. Specific recommendations to pregnant women, children and older people predominantly come from the UK and USA. We found that acetaminophen and oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) represent first-line management across all pain conditions in adults and children. In osteoarthritis, topical NSAIDs should be considered before oral NSAIDs. This knowledge might persuade patients that using these drugs first could enable fast and effective pain relief.

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