Semi‐field root phenotyping: Root traits for deep nitrate uptake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomke Susanne Wacker ◽  
Olga Popovic ◽  
Niels Alvin Faircloth Olsen ◽  
Bo Markussen ◽  
Abraham George Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Phenotyping

scholarly journals Root Phenotyping for Drought Tolerance: A Review

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Wasaya ◽  
Xiying Zhang ◽  
Qin Fang ◽  
Zongzheng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Root Phenotyping

Plant roots play a significant role in plant growth by exploiting soil resources via the uptake of water and nutrients. Root traits such as fine root diameter, specific root length, specific root area, root angle, and root length density are considered useful traits for improving plant productivity under drought conditions. Therefore, understanding interactions between roots and their surrounding soil environment is important, which can be improved through root phenotyping. With the advancement in technologies, many tools have been developed for root phenotyping. Canopy temperature depression (CTD) has been considered a good technique for field phenotyping of crops under drought and is used to estimate crop yield as well as root traits in relation to drought tolerance. Both laboratory and field-based methods for phenotyping root traits have been developed including soil sampling, mini-rhizotron, rhizotrons, thermography and non-soil techniques. Recently, a non-invasive approach of X-ray computed tomography (CT) has provided a break-through to study the root architecture in three dimensions (3-D). This review summarizes methods for root phenotyping. On the basis of this review, it can be concluded that root traits are useful characters to be included in future breeding programs and for selecting better cultivars to increase crop yield under water-limited environments.

GrowScreen-PaGe, a non-invasive, high-throughput phenotyping system based on germination paper to quantify crop phenotypic diversity and plasticity of root traits under varying nutrient supply

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Gioia ◽  
Anna Galinski ◽  
Henning Lenz ◽  
Carmen Müller ◽  
Jonas Lentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Root Phenotyping

New techniques and approaches have been developed for root phenotyping recently; however, rapid and repeatable non-invasive root phenotyping remains challenging. Here, we present GrowScreen-PaGe, a non-invasive, high-throughput phenotyping system (4 plants min–1) based on flat germination paper. GrowScreen-PaGe allows the acquisition of time series of the developing root systems of 500 plants, thereby enabling to quantify short-term variations in root system. The choice of germination paper was found to be crucial and paper ☓ root interaction should be considered when comparing data from different studies on germination paper. The system is suitable for phenotyping dicot and monocot plant species. The potential of the system for high-throughput phenotyping was shown by investigating phenotypic diversity of root traits in a collection of 180 rapeseed accessions and of 52 barley genotypes grown under control and nutrient-starved conditions. Most traits showed a large variation linked to both genotype and treatment. In general, root length traits contributed more than shape and branching related traits in separating the genotypes. Overall, results showed that GrowScreen-PaGe will be a powerful resource to investigate root systems and root plasticity of large sets of plants and to explore the molecular and genetic root traits of various species including for crop improvement programs.

scholarly journals Assessing Root System Architecture of Wheat Seedlings Using A High-Throughput Root Phenotyping System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Adeleke ◽  
R. Millas ◽  
W. McNeal ◽  
J Faris ◽  
A. Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Root Phenotyping

AbstractBackground and aimsRoot system architecture is a vital part of the plant that has been shown to vary between species and within species based on response to genotypic and/or environmental influences. The root traits of wheat seedlings is critical for the establishment and evidently linked to plant height and seed yield. However, plant breeders have not efficiently developed the role of RSA in wheat selection due to the difficulty of studying root traits.MethodsWe set up a root phenotyping platform to characterize RSA in 34 wheat accessions. The phenotyping pipeline consists of the germination paper-based moisture replacement system, image capture units, and root-image processing software. The 34 accessions from two different wheat ploidy levels (hexaploids and tetraploids), were characterized in ten replicates. A total of 19 root traits were quantified from the root architecture generated.ResultsThis pipeline allowed for rapid screening of 340 wheat seedlings within 10days. Also, at least one line from each ploidy (6x and 4x) showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in measured traits except in mean seminal count. Our result also showed strong correlation (0.8) between total root length, maximum depth and convex hull area.ConclusionsThis phenotyping pipeline has the advantage and capacity to increase screening potential at early stages of plant development leading to characterization of wheat seedling traits that can be further examined using QTL analysis in populations generated from the examined accessions.

scholarly journals Variation Analysis of Root System Development in Wheat Seedlings Using Root Phenotyping System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekundayo Adeleke ◽  
Reneth Millas ◽  
Waymon McNeal ◽  
Justin Faris ◽  
Ali Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Root Phenotyping

Root system architecture is a vital part of the plant that has been shown to vary between species and within species based on response to genotypic and/or environmental influences. The root traits of wheat seedlings are critical for their establishment in soil and evidently linked to plant height and seed yield. However, plant breeders have not efficiently developed the role of RSA in wheat selection due to the difficulty of studying root traits. We set up a root phenotyping platform to characterize RSA in 34 wheat accessions. The phenotyping pipeline consists of the germination paper-based moisture replacement system, image capture units, and root-image processing software. The 34 accessions from two different wheat ploidy levels (hexaploids and tetraploids), were characterized in ten replicates. A total of 19 root traits were quantified from the root architecture generated. This pipeline allowed for rapid screening of 340 wheat seedlings within 10 days. At least one line from each ploidy (6× and 4×) showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in measured traits, except for mean seminal count. Our result also showed a strong correlation (0.8) between total root length, maximum depth and convex hull area. This phenotyping pipeline has the advantage and capacity to increase screening potential at early stages of plant development, leading to the characterization of wheat seedling traits that can be further examined using QTL analysis in populations generated from the examined accessions.

scholarly journals Different Relationships of Fine Root Traits With Root Ammonium and Nitrate Uptake Rates in Conifer Forests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Ito ◽  
Ayumi Tanaka-Oda ◽  
Taiga Masumoto ◽  
Maiko Akatsuki ◽  
Naoki Makita
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose: Nitrogen (N) uptake by fine roots of trees is important for understanding the root physiological function in forest ecosystems, but a direct investigation of in situ rate of ammonium and nitrate uptake is limited. Thus, we aimed to clarify the inorganic N uptake rates among tree species and to determine the factors controlling N uptake through relationships with fine root traits in cool temperate forests.Methods: Using a solution depletion method for measuring N uptake, we observed the relationship of N uptake rate in the form of NH4+ and NO3– by an intact root system with root morphological traits, such as root diameter, specific root length (SRL), and root tissue density (RTD), and chemical traits, including root nitrogen (N) content. Results: The coniferous roots in this study preferred NH4+ form more than NO3– form. Across species, there were significant relationships between NH4+ uptake and diameter, SRL, and RTD, while these were significant only for RTD in NO3– form. Relationships between N uptake rates and root morphological traits differed between NH4+ and NO3–. Conclusions: We found that the relationship of inorganic N uptake with the morphological traits depends on the characteristics of the N form adsorbed through soil and tree N assimilation efficiency. An approach on the relationships of in situ N uptake with root traits will provide a breakthrough in our understanding of the root physiological function and the prediction of fundamental N acquisition strategies.

Residence Time in Hyporheic Bioactive Layers Explains Nitrate Uptake in Streams

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angang Li ◽  
Susana Bernal ◽  
Brady Kohler ◽  
Steven A. Thomas ◽  
Eugènia Martí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residence Time ◽  
Nitrate Uptake

Kinetic parameters of nitrate uptake by different catch crop species: effects of low temperatures or previous nitrate starvation

1993 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Laine ◽  
A. Ourry ◽  
J. Macduff ◽  
J. Boucaud ◽  
J. Salette
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Catch Crop ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Species Effects ◽  
Nitrate Starvation

Experimentally altered rainfall regimes and host root traits affect grassland arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coline Deveautour ◽  
Suzanne Donn ◽  
Sally Power ◽  
Kirk Barnett ◽  
Jeff Powell
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Rainfall Regimes

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterised arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

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