scholarly journals The impact of physical proximity and attachment working models on cardiovascular reactivity: Comparing mental activation and romantic partner presence

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. e13324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle J. Bourassa ◽  
John M. Ruiz ◽  
David A. Sbarra
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Mental Activation ◽  
The Impact

Better together: The impact of exercising with a romantic partner

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110120
Author(s):  
Kyrsten Sackett-Fox ◽  
Judith Gere ◽  
John Updegraff
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Exercise Routine ◽  
The Impact

Many people have goals to increase their physical activity levels through engaging in exercise, but have difficulty establishing and maintaining an exercise routine. Research shows that people are more successful at exercising if they do so together with their romantic partner. In this study, we examined how exercising with a romantic partner may influence the experience of exercise itself, as well as people’s daily experiences. Specifically, we examined how joint exercise influences daily and exercise affect, daily relationship satisfaction, and amount of daily exercise. Young adults who were currently involved in a romantic relationship (N = 95) completed intake questionnaires and 14 daily reports of their exercise behavior, exercise and daily affect, and daily relationship satisfaction. Multilevel models showed that on days when people exercised with their romantic partner, they experienced higher positive affect during exercise, higher daily positive affect, and were more satisfied with their relationship compared to days when they exercised without their partner. No effects were found on daily and exercise negative affect, or amount of exercise. This study illustrates how exercising with a romantic partner may improve people’s experience of both exercising and their daily experiences, and may help provide a reason why people might be more successful at maintaining their exercise routine when they exercise together with their romantic partner.

Comforting Versus Distressing Dreams of the Deceased: Relations to Grief, Trauma, Attachment, Continuing Bonds, and Post-Dream Reactions

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022282090385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Black ◽  
Kathryn Belicki ◽  
Robert Piro ◽  
Hannah Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptoms ◽  
Continuing Bond ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Why are some dreams of the deceased experienced as comforting, while others are distressing? We propose that there are different types of dreams serving diverse functions. In particular, we considered three: processing trauma, maintaining a continuing bond, and regulating emotion. We also examined the impact of post-dream reactions on the bereaved’s experience of their dreams. Participants were 216 individuals whose romantic partner or spouse had died. They provided reports of dreams of the deceased that were content analyzed and completed measures of grief intensity, posttraumatic symptoms, attachment style, internalized versus externalized continuing bonds, as well as questions about the death, and ratings of how they experienced the dream after awakening. Support was found for the three proposed functions, suggesting dreams of the deceased can actively facilitate adjustment to bereavement. In addition, there was evidence that post-dream reactions can impact both the perception of the dream and grief.

scholarly journals Clumpiness: Modeling the Impact of Social Dynamics on COVID-19 Spread

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Goertzel ◽  
Cassio Pennachin ◽  
Deborah Duong ◽  
Matthew Iklé ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
The Impact

We present an agent based simulation supplemented with two novel social network interconnectivity measures, `clumpiness' and `hoprank,' that are the same concept defined at global and local levels, respectively. The measures may be computed from samples of readily available demographic data, and are useful for measuring probabilistic packet transmission through social networks. For simplicity, agents in our simulation group together through homophily, the principle of `like attracts like'. In three studies we apply clumpiness to measure the effects, on disease transmission, caused by social networks of both homophilic physical proximity and homophilic information replication. The particular characteristic we are interested in about disease transmission is herd immunity, the percentage of a population that has to be immune in order to prevent infection from spreading to those who are not. Two studies demonstrate innovations measuring herd immunity levels and predicting future outbreak locations, procedures relevant to epidemiological control policy. In the first study, we look at how homophilic physical proximity networks form natural bubbles that act as frictive surfaces that affect the speed of transmission of packets and influence herd immunity levels. In the second study, we test clumpiness in homophilic proximity social networks as a predictor of future infection outbreaks at the level of individual schools, restaurants, and workplaces. Our third study demonstrates that protective social bubbles form naturally from homophilic information replication networks, and enhance the natural bubbles that come from the homophilic physical proximity networks. Accurate description of this information environment lays the foundation for epidemiological messaging policy formation.

scholarly journals Information and Communication in a Networked Infosphere - a Review of Concepts and Application in Social Branding

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Fernando Manuel Santos Ramos ◽  
Óscar Emanuel Chaves Mealha ◽  
Catarina Franco Lélis
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Working Models ◽  
New Information ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:This paper aims at providing a contribution to the comprehensive review of the impact of information and communication, and their supporting technologies, in the current transformation of human life in the infosphere. The paper also offers an example of the power of new social approaches to the use of information and communication technologies to foster new working models in organizations by presenting the main outcomes of a research project on social branding. A discussion about some trends of the future impact of new information and communication technologies in the infosphere is also included.Resumen:Este artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar una contribución a la revisión global del impacto de la información y la comunicación, y sus tecnologías de apoyo, en la actual transformación de la vida humana en la infosfera. El artículo también ofrece un ejemplo del poder de los nuevos enfoques sociales sobre el uso de las tecnologías de información y comunicación para fomentar nuevos modelos de trabajo en las organizaciones mediante la presentación de los principales resultados de un proyecto de investigación sobre desarrollo social de marca. Una discusión sobre algunas de las tendencias del futuro impacto de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en la infosfera también se incluye. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Reactivity to and Recovery from Psychological and Orthostatic Challenge

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Sloan ◽  
Peter A. Shapiro ◽  
Vincenzo Lauriola ◽  
Kathleen McIntyre ◽  
Martina Pavlicova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Orthostatic Challenge ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals AtDAT1 is a key enzyme of D-amino acid stimulated ethylene production in Arabidopsis thaliana

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Suarez ◽  
Claudia Hener ◽  
Vivien-Alisa Lehnhardt ◽  
Sabine Hummel ◽  
Mark Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Reciprocal Relation ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Natural Variants ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
The Impact

AbstractD-enantiomers of proteinogenic amino acids (D-AAs) are found ubiquitously, but the knowledge about their metabolism and functions in plants is scarce. A long forgotten phenomenon in this regard is the D-AA-stimulated ethylene production in plants. As a starting point to investigate this effect the Arabidopsis accession Landsberg erecta (Ler) got into focus as it was found defective in metabolizing D-AAs. Combining genetics and molecular biology of T-DNA lines and natural variants together with biochemical and physiological approaches we could identify AtDAT1 as a major D-AA transaminase in Arabidopsis. Atdat1 loss-of-function mutants and Arabidopsis accessions with defective AtDAT1 alleles were not able to produce D-Ala, D-Glu and L-Met, the metabolites of D-Met, anymore. This result corroborates the biochemical characterization of AtDAT1, which showed highest activity using D-Met as substrate. Germination of seedlings in light and dark led to enhanced growth inhibition of atdat1 mutants on D-Met. Ethylene measurements revealed an enhanced D-AA stimulated ethylene production in these mutants. According to initial working models of this phenomenon D-Met is preferentially malonylated instead of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). This decrease of ACC degradation should then lead to the increase of ethylene production. We could observe in our studies a reciprocal relation of malonylated methionine and ACC upon D-Met application and even significantly more malonyl-methionine in atdat1 mutants. Unexpectedly, the malonyl-ACC levels did not differ between mutants and wild type in these experiments. With AtDAT1, the first central enzyme of plant D-AA metabolism was characterized biochemically and physiologically. The specific effects of D-Met on ACC metabolization, ethylene production and plant development of dat1 mutants unraveled the impact of AtDAT1 on these processes, but they are not in full accordance to previous working models. Instead, our results imply the influence of additional candidate factors or processes on D-AA-stimulated ethylene production which await to be uncovered.

scholarly journals The Effect of Supernatural Priming on Cheating Behaviour

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Patrick K. F. Lin ◽  
Lidia Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Task ◽  
Concepts Of God ◽  
Mental Activation ◽  
The Impact

Research has shown that the mental activation of concepts related to supernatural agents (e.g., God, ghost) is capable of altering one’s moral behaviours. Based on the supernatural monitoring hypothesis, two experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of priming on cheating behaviour using undergraduate participants from Singapore. The results of the first experiment showed that participants who were primed with the concepts of God and ghost via a word-scramble task cheated less in a mathematical task than participants exposed to neutral primes. The second experiment showed that the activation of God and ghost concepts via a supraliminal priming method reduced the participants’ cheating in a riddle game, even when the participants were informed that they would be rewarded monetarily for correctly answering the riddles. The results suggested that the mental activation of supernatural agents could reduce cheating behaviour regardless of the presence or absence of explicit belief in supernatural agents.

scholarly journals Plastics and cardiovascular health: phthalates may disrupt heart rate variability and cardiovascular reactivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (5) ◽  
pp. H1044-H1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Jaimes ◽  
Adam Swiercz ◽  
Meredith Sherman ◽  
Narine Muselimyan ◽  
Paul J. Marvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Cardiovascular Reactivity ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Phthalate Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Plastics have revolutionized medical device technology, transformed hematological care, and facilitated modern cardiology procedures. Despite these advances, studies have shown that phthalate chemicals migrate out of plastic products and that these chemicals are bioactive. Recent epidemiological and research studies have suggested that phthalate exposure adversely affects cardiovascular function. Our objective was to assess the safety and biocompatibility of phthalate chemicals and resolve the impact on cardiovascular and autonomic physiology. Adult mice were implanted with radiofrequency transmitters to monitor heart rate variability, blood pressure, and autonomic regulation in response to di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (DEHP) exposure. DEHP-treated animals displayed a decrease in heart rate variability (−17% SD of normal beat-to-beat intervals and −36% high-frequency power) and an exaggerated mean arterial pressure response to ganglionic blockade (31.5% via chlorisondamine). In response to a conditioned stressor, DEHP-treated animals displayed enhanced cardiovascular reactivity (−56% SD major axis Poincarè plot) and prolonged blood pressure recovery. Alterations in cardiac gene expression of endothelin-1, angiotensin-converting enzyme, and nitric oxide synthase may partly explain these cardiovascular alterations. This is the first study to show an association between phthalate chemicals that are used in medical devices with alterations in autonomic regulation, heart rate variability, and cardiovascular reactivity. Because changes in autonomic balance often precede clinical manifestations of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and conduction abnormalities, future studies are warranted to assess the downstream impact of plastic chemical exposure on end-organ function in sensitive patient populations. This study also highlights the importance of adopting safer biomaterials, chemicals, and/or surface coatings for use in medical devices.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Phthalates are widely used in the manufacturing of consumer and medical products. In the present study, di-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate exposure was associated with alterations in heart rate variability and cardiovascular reactivity. This highlights the importance of investigating the impact of phthalates on health and identifying suitable alternatives for medical device manufacturing.

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