Effect of subsoil tillage during pipeline construction activities on near‐term soil physical properties and crop yields in the right‐of‐way

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehari Z. Tekeste ◽  
Elnaz Ebrahimi ◽  
Mark H. Hanna ◽  
Erica R. Neideigh ◽  
Robert Horton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Pipeline Construction ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Right

Soil physical properties and crop status under cattle manure and Z’Fix in Haplic Chernozem  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Novák ◽  
Petr Šařec ◽  
Kateřina Křížová ◽  
Petr Novák ◽  
Oldřich Látal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Animal Bedding

A three-year experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Z’Fix on soil physical properties and crop status. Z’Fix is an agent recommended as an addition to animal bedding to prolong its function and to lower ammonia emissions in stables. Concurrently, a positive effect on organic matter transformation in resulting manure is claimed. The experiment involved control, farmyard manure (FYM), and farmyard manure with Z’Fix (FYM_ZF) as variants. In-field sampling was conducted for cone index, water infiltration and implement a unit draft, where the latter two showed significant differences in favour of FYM_ZF. Also, concerning crop yields, FYM_ZF consistently attained the highest values, followed by FYM throughout all three seasons. Furthermore, remotely sensed data were analysed to describe crop status via normalised difference vegetation index where significant differences were found across all variants. Based on the study, FYM_ZF demonstrated positive effects both on soil properties and crop conditions.  

Effects of spent mushroom substrate on soil physical conditions and plant growth in an intensive horticultural system

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 899 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. C. Stewart ◽  
K. C. Cameron ◽  
I. S. Cornforth ◽  
J. R. Sedcole
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Surface Crust

A 2-year field trial determined the influence of applying spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on soil physical properties and the growth of 4 consecutive vegetable crops (sweetcorn, cabbage, potato, cabbage). Treatments comprised 0, 20, 40, and 80 t/ha of moist SMS, both with and without inorganic fertiliser, applied to each crop, giving a range of SMS rates up to 320 t/ha. SMS improved the environment for plant root growth by decreasing soil bulk density (by 0· 05-0·25 g/cm 3 at 100 mm depth), increasing aggregate stability (by 13-16%), reducing clod and surface crust formation (by 16-31 and 18-94%, respectively), increasing the infiltration rate (by 130-207 mm/h), increasing the water content of the soil (by 0-7% w/w), and reducing diurnal temperature changes. Some of these changes were not evident until repeated applications of 80 t/ha SMS had been made. Soil physical properties were related to crop yield, and soil physical properties’ principal components were related to crop principal components using regression analysis (r2 of 0·20-0·60 and 0·16-0·54, respectively). The soil physical properties that had the most influence on plant growth were specific to each crop and included bulk density, water content, surface crust cover, infiltration rate, and aggregate size distribution. Soil physical properties had a large influence on the potato yield irrespective of fertiliser use and on both cabbage crop yields when fertiliser was not used, but not on the sweetcorn yield (the first crop to be grown). The effect of changing soil physical properties on plant growth was most apparent when fertiliser was not used. This was because the improved physical properties increased plant yield (at least in part) because of increased plant nutrient uptake.

RECOVERY OF PRODUCTIVITY OF ONTARIO SOILS DISTURBED BY AN OIL PIPELINE INSTALLATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. B. CULLEY ◽  
B. K. DOW ◽  
E. W. PRESANT ◽  
A. J. MacLEAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
First Year ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Right

Measurement of soil properties and field-crop yields on cropland traversed by the Sarnia-Montreal oil pipeline indicated that pipeline isntallation detrimentally affected both crop yields and soil physical-chemical properties in the first year after construction. After 5 yr, relative yields improved although reductions still persisted at most row-cropped sites. However, alfalfa yields at two sites appeared to be unaffected by pipeline construction. Soil mixing and compaction on the right-of-way were most prevalent on medium- to fine-textured soils. Compaction did not appear to be a problem at a coarse-textured site. Soil chemical data indicated that spoil (subsoil) materials from the trench were spread across the right-of-way at most sites. Diluted soil organic matter levels in the right-of-way adversely affected nitrogen status. Medium- to fine-textured right-of-way soils had reduced porosities and hydraulic conductivities, but increased strengths compared with undisturbed adjacent soils.

scholarly journals Spatial variability studies in São Paulo, Brazil along the last twenty five years

Bragantia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Rosa Vieira ◽  
Sonia Carmela Falci Dechen
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Management Zones ◽  
Sampling Points

Soil properties vary in space due to many causes. For this reason it is wise to know the magnitude and behaviour of the variability for adequate data analysis and decision making. Our work on spatial variability of soil properties in São Paulo, Brazil began in 1982 with a very simple soil sampling in a small field. Much progress has been made since then on sampling designs, field equipment and methods, and mostly on computation equipment and softwares. This paper reports the results corresponding to some aspects of this progress, as far as the field, analysis and computation work are concerned. The objective of this study was to illustrate the use of geostatistics in data analysis for three sampling conditions on long term no-tillage system. The analysis is done on a wide range of field scales, variables, sampling schemes as well as repeating sampling scheme for the same variable in different years. Semivariograms are compared for the same variables in different scales and sampling dates and depths as to provide a guide for sampling spacing and number of samples. Normalized crop yield parameters for many years are used in the discussion of time variability and on the use of yield maps to locate management zones. The time of the year in which measurements of soil physical properties are made affected the results both in terms of descriptive statistical and spatial dependence parameters. Crop yields changed (soybean decrease and maize increase) with time of no-tillage but the real cause was not identified. The length of time with no-tillage affected the range of dependence for the main crops (increased for soybean, maize and oats) and therefore increased the size of the homogeneous management zones. The evolution of the sampling grid from 20 m with 63 sampling points to 10 m with 302 sampling points allowed for a much better knowledge of the spatial variability of crop yields but it had the reverse effect on the spatial variability of soil physical properties.

Impact of tillage and crop establishment methods on crop yields, profitability and soil physical properties in rice–wheat system of Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivak Kumar ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Gathala ◽  
Yashpal S. Saharawat ◽  
Chiter M. Parihar ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Crop Establishment

Effects of Tillage, Residue and Fertilizer Nitrogen on Crop Yields, and Soil Physical Properties Under Soybean–Wheat Rotation in Vertisols of Central India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Hati ◽  
R. S. Chaudhary ◽  
K. G. Mandal ◽  
K. K. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
R. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Central India ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Soil Physical Properties In System With Permanent Traffic Lanes Practised In 10 Ha Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Dumitru Gutu ◽  
Josef Hůla ◽  
Milan Kroulík
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The paper deals with basic soil physical properties as affected by wheel traffic. Agricultural land is, in varying degrees, exposed to the pressures exerted by running parts of tractors, harvesting machinery and transport equipment. Damaging the soil by compaction increases the energy efficiency, deteriorates the quality of tillage, may reduce crop yields and is associated with environmental risks that accompany water erosion. The selection of results from field trials demonstrates the positive effect of the reduction of level crossings on the results of physical and mechanical properties of the soil.

How do sodic soils behave - the effects of sodicity on soil physical behavior

Soil Research ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
HB So ◽  
LAG Aylmore
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Sodic Soils ◽  
Dispersion Phase ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Virgin State ◽  
Made In

A model has been presented to illustrate the way in which the influence of exchangeable Na on the fundamental processes of dispersion and flocculation on Na-Ca systems affects the various soil physical properties in the field. Most cultivated soils slake (breakdown into microaggregates) when subjected to rapid wetting, giving rise to a surface seal and a reduction in infiltration rate. However, slaking alone may not neccessarily reduce the soil's productivity, e.g. surface aggregates of the highly productive self-mulching black earths slake even when in the virgin state. If dispersion follows slaking, in most cases it will lead to poor physical properties which may manifest as poor drainage, surface crusting, hardsetting and poor trafficability or workability of the soil and eventually lead to reduced crop yields. It is the dispersion phase that is affected by the presence of excessive sodium on the exchange complex of the soil, and this may have a profound effect on the soil's physical properties and behaviour.This paper reviews the possible mechanisms by which excessive sodicity may manifest in undesirable soil physical behaviour. It also attempts to relate observations made in the laboratory on pure Na-Ca-clay systems to the behaviour of the soil in the field. The effect of sodium on the dispersive behaviour of a soil is discussed in relation to its hydraulic conductivity and the processes of infiltration, redistribution and evaporation of water which in turn affects the subsoil water storage in a soil profile. The presence of sodium is also discussed in relation to changes in soil strength characteristics, the soils workability and ease of tillage and ultimately the soil's productivity. Data are presented which show that the validity of a threshold ESP and the exclusive use of ESP as a measure of sodicity are open to question.

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