RECOVERY OF PRODUCTIVITY OF ONTARIO SOILS DISTURBED BY AN OIL PIPELINE INSTALLATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. B. CULLEY ◽  
B. K. DOW ◽  
E. W. PRESANT ◽  
A. J. MacLEAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
First Year ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Right

Measurement of soil properties and field-crop yields on cropland traversed by the Sarnia-Montreal oil pipeline indicated that pipeline isntallation detrimentally affected both crop yields and soil physical-chemical properties in the first year after construction. After 5 yr, relative yields improved although reductions still persisted at most row-cropped sites. However, alfalfa yields at two sites appeared to be unaffected by pipeline construction. Soil mixing and compaction on the right-of-way were most prevalent on medium- to fine-textured soils. Compaction did not appear to be a problem at a coarse-textured site. Soil chemical data indicated that spoil (subsoil) materials from the trench were spread across the right-of-way at most sites. Diluted soil organic matter levels in the right-of-way adversely affected nitrogen status. Medium- to fine-textured right-of-way soils had reduced porosities and hydraulic conductivities, but increased strengths compared with undisturbed adjacent soils.

LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF AN OIL PIPELINE INSTALLATION ON SOIL PRODUCTIVITY

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. B. CULLEY ◽  
B. K. DOW
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Alfalfa Field

Crop yields and heights and soil chemical properties on and immediately adjacent to an oil pipeline right-of-way (ROW) were monitored over a 10-yr period. Effects of soil mixing on chemical properties were still apparent despite good crop management. With the exception of alfalfa, field crop yields on the ROW were reduced by an average of 28% 10 yr after installation. Key words: Soil mixing, degradation, crop heights

Changes in the properties of Fijian Oxisols over 30 years of sugarcane cultivation

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Morrison ◽  
J. S. Gawander
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Phosphate Retention ◽  
Sugarcane Productivity ◽  
Highly Weathered Soils

Sugarcane production plateaued in Fiji at ~4 million tonnes annually (average ~55 t/ha) during the latter part of the 1980s but, in recent years, despite the continuing release of high yielding varieties, the total production has decreased to under 3 million tonnes (average ~45 t/ha). This study was initiated to study the changes in the properties of Oxisols following sugarcane cultivation to ascertain whether yield declines were due to degradation of soil biophysical and chemical properties. The study lasted from 1978 (when the soils were first cleared for agriculture) to 2009. Soil (0–15, 30–40 and 70–80 cm) properties including pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, water retention, bulk density, phosphate retention and exchangeable bases were monitored. The observed topsoil changes could generally be related to changes in organic matter and associated ion exchange properties. The major changes occurred in the first three years after clearing, but some changes continued for many years. Subsoil samples (30–40 cm) showed an increase in organic carbon after cane cultivation, probably due to soil mixing during land preparation, organic matter movement during cropping and decay of sugarcane roots. At 70–80 cm, small but significant increases in organic carbon were observed along with small decreases in pH. Overall, these changes indicate that careful management of topsoils is essential for maintaining soil fertility and hence sugarcane productivity on these highly weathered soils.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE BIOCARVÃO A PARTIR DE BIOSSÓLIDOS ARMAZENADOS EM BAG’s GEOTÊXTEIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE RANCHARIA -SP

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Beatriz Regina de Ângelo ◽  
Rafaela Pelegrini Vital ◽  
Marcelo Rodrigo Alves ◽  
Jaqueline Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Melissa Arantes Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Stable Material ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Sewage sludge refers to a nutrient-rich by-product and organic matter from treatment plants and has become a challenge for many research segments to find a rational and sustainable destination for this material. In this context, the carbonization of biomass (by the pyrolysis process) results in biochar, characterized by a very stable material with specific physical and chemical properties and can represent a very important tool for this challenge. Thus, the objective of the present work was to transform, bypyrolysis process, small portions of the biosolid generated in Rancharia ETE into biochar. In addition, both the biosolid and the generated bicarbons were subjected to physical, chemical and structural analyzes in order to proceed with their respective characterization. From the analysis, it was found that the treatment submitted to temperature of 550°C as the best option for possible applications.Keywords:biosolid; pyrolysis; biochar.

Chemical properties of forest soils as affected by nests of Myrmica ruginodis (Formicidae)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Véle ◽  
Jan Frouz ◽  
Jaroslav Holuša ◽  
Jiří Kalčík
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Myrmica Ruginodis ◽  
Food Residues ◽  
Total P ◽  
Surrounding Soil

AbstractChemical properties (total and available P concentration; oxidizable C concentration; available K, Na, and Ca concentration; and pH) were quantified for 33 nests of the ant Myrmica ruginodis and in surrounding soil in young spruce forest stands. All properties, except total P, were significantly higher in the nests than in the surrounding soil. Total P was not higher in nests than in surrounding soil across all nests because nests had higher total P than surrounding soil if the soil contained low concentrations of total P but nests had lower total P than surrounding soil if the soil contained high concentrations of total P. The effect of nests on total P in the surrounding soil corresponded with effects of nests on oxidizable carbon (an indicator of organic matter) in the surrounding soil (concentrations of oxidizable carbon and total P were closely correlated). Available P concentrations were much higher in nests than in surrounding soil. Overall, the results indicated that two main processes explain the chemical changes of soil in the ant nests: (i) mixing due to excavation of deeper soil layers and (ii) deposition of excreta and food residues. The effect of soil mixing (whereby ants transport mineral soil from deeper layers to layers near the surface) is more pronounced in soils with high organic content near the surface because mixing increases the proportion of mineral soil in the nest while decreasing the proportion of organic matter and the concentration of total P.

scholarly journals Community Structure and Biodiversity of Soil Ciliates at Dongzhaigang Mangrove Forest in Hainan Island, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Qingyu Liao ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Jinhong Zhang ◽  
Nora Fungyee Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Community Similarity ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Soil Ciliates ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Total Potassium

The distribution of soil ciliates in three different habitats within a typical mangrove forest in Dongzhaigang, Hainan, China was investigated. The abundance, biodiversity, and community similarity of ciliates in fresh and air-dried soil with different, physical/chemical properties were analyzed. Three Classes, 11 Orders, 34 Genera, and 70 species of ciliates were found with the first dominant group being Hypotrichida. Ciliate biodiversities followed Site B < Site A < Site C in both fresh and dried samples. Ciliate abundance was positively correlated with soil moisture, salinity, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and sulfate (SO42−), but negatively with pH and total potassium (TK). Site A and Site B and Site B and Site C showed the highest similarity in fresh and dried samples, respectively. The ubiquitous characteristics of ciliate distribution suggested their important role in food webs and nutrient cycling. The presence of Colpodida was linked with mangrove plants.

scholarly journals Biological and Physicochemical Parameters Related to the Nitrogen Cycle in the Rhizospheric Soil of Native Potato (Solanum phureja) Crops of Colombia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nathalia Flórez-Zapata ◽  
Daniel Uribe-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Solanum Phureja ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Physical Chemical

Nitrogen (N) plays an important role in agricultural production. This study was designed to evaluate the presence of cultivable N cycle-associated microorganisms (nitrogen-fixing bacteria—NFB, proteolytic bacteria—PR, ammonifiers—AMO, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria—AOB, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria—NOB, and denitrifiers—DEN), and their relationship with physical-chemical and agronomic soil descriptors, inSolanum phurejarhizospheric soil samples, from traditional and organic crop management farms. A cluster analysis with the physical and chemical properties of soil, allowed to identify the organic matter content as an important factor that determines the outcome of that grouping. Significant differences () between farms were found in the abundance of this groups, but correlation analysis showed that proteolytic and nitrogen fixing bacteria were the main nitrogen associated functional groups affected by soils' physical-chemical characteristics. The amount of ammonia available is affected by the agricultural management strategy, which consequently affects the NFB abundance. Finally the results showed that PR, protease activity and soil properties related with organic matter transformation has a positive relationship with productivity, which given the high organic matter content of the Andean soils being studied, we conclude that nitrogen mineralization process has an important role in the nitrogen cycle and its bioavailability in this ecosystem.

scholarly journals The Flooded Peat Deposit Characteristic and Assessment of its Impact upon Water Quality in the Boguchansk Reservoir

2012 ◽  
pp. 80-90
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Peat Deposit ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Peat Deposits

Assessment of the flooded peat deposit in the Boguchansk Reservoir floor impact on the water quality has been performed. Characteristic of the flooded bogs and peat deposits has been given; their physical/chemical properties have been described. Reserves of organic matter, nitrogen and microelements in the peat deposit forecasted for floating have been calculated, their influence on water quality in the reservoir to be designed has been considered. A conclusion on the necessity of monitoring of the flooded in the process of the reservoir exploiting hydromorphic ecosystems has been made.

scholarly journals Comparing organic versus conventional soil management on soil respiration

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bence Mátyás ◽  
Maritza Elizabeth Chiluisa Andrade ◽  
Nora Carmen Yandun Chida ◽  
Carina Maribel Taipe Velasco ◽  
Denisse Estefania Gavilanes Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Organic Farmers

Soil management has great potential to affect soil respiration. In this study, we investigated the effects of organic versus conventional soil management on soil respiration.  We measured the main soil physical-chemical properties from conventional and organic managed soil in Ecuador. Soil respiration was determined using alkaline absorption according to Witkamp.  Soil properties such as organic matter, nitrogen, and humidity, were comparable between conventional and organic soils in the present study, and in a further analysis there was no statically significant correlation with soil respiration. Therefore, even though organic farmers tend to apply more organic material to their fields, but this did not result in a significantly higher CO2 production in their soils in the present study.

scholarly journals Study of agrochemical and physical-chemical properties gray-brown soils of the Karabakh Plain

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
S. Osmanova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Research Institute

Research is conducted at the Terter Regional Experimental Station of the Research Institute for Agriculture. In order to improve the fertility of gray-brown soils and obtain high-quality crop yields, we studied the agrochemical and physical–chemical properties of the experimental plot. Thus, the analysis of gray–brown soils showed that, according to the gradation adopted in Azerbaijan, these soils are poorly supplied with nutrients, in an easily digestible form of plants. Therefore, it is necessary to make in these soils together organic and mineral fertilizers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document