A piperic acid CoA ligase produces a putative precursor of piperine, the pungent principle from black pepper fruits

Plants have evolved the ability to derive the benzenoid moiety of the respiratory cofactor and antioxidant, ubiquinone (coenzyme Q), either from the β-oxidative metabolism of p-coumarate or from the peroxidative cleavage of kaempferol. Here, isotopic feeding assays, gene co-expression analysis and reverse genetics identified Arabidopsis 4-COUMARATE-COA LIGASE 8 (4-CL8; At5g38120) as a contributor to the β-oxidation of p-coumarate for ubiquinone biosynthesis. The enzyme is part of the same clade (V) of acyl-activating enzymes than At4g19010, a p-coumarate CoA ligase known to play a central role in the conversion of p-coumarate into 4-hydroxybenzoate. A 4-cl8 T-DNA knockout displayed a 20% decrease in ubiquinone content compared with wild-type plants, while 4-CL8 overexpression boosted ubiquinone content up to 150% of the control level. Similarly, the isotopic enrichment of ubiquinone's ring was decreased by 28% in the 4-cl8 knockout as compared with wild-type controls when Phe-[Ring-13C6] was fed to the plants. This metabolic blockage could be bypassed via the exogenous supply of 4-hydroxybenzoate, the product of p-coumarate β-oxidation. Arabidopsis 4-CL8 displays a canonical peroxisomal targeting sequence type 1, and confocal microscopy experiments using fused fluorescent reporters demonstrated that this enzyme is imported into peroxisomes. Time course feeding assays using Phe-[Ring-13C6] in a series of Arabidopsis single and double knockouts blocked in the β-oxidative metabolism of p-coumarate (4-cl8; at4g19010; at4g19010 × 4-cl8), flavonol biosynthesis (flavanone-3-hydroxylase), or both (at4g19010 × flavanone-3-hydroxylase) indicated that continuous high light treatments (500 µE m−2 s−1; 24 h) markedly stimulated the de novo biosynthesis of ubiquinone independently of kaempferol catabolism.

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Inhibition of human LDL lipid peroxidation by black pepper extracts and piperine

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0029-1234725 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (09) ◽

Author(s):

S Chuchawankul ◽

S Toomhom ◽

R Mingpakanee ◽

C Patarapanich ◽

N Khorana

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Black Pepper

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Antileishmanial Alkaloids from Black Pepper (Piper nigrum)

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1273553 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (05) ◽

Author(s):

HRW Dharmaratne ◽

BL Tekwani ◽

NPD Nanayakkara

Keyword(s):

Black Pepper ◽

Piper Nigrum

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DETERMINATION OF THE EFFICIENCY AND EFFICACY OF BIO-CHEMICAL FERTILIZER ON THE SOIL, YIELD AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v4i3.4278 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 460-468

Author(s):

Yap Chin Ann

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

High Growth ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

High Fertility ◽

Fertility Level ◽

Area Index ◽

K 12

The last nutrient management review of black pepper was done in 1968. There is, therefore, a need to develop new technology to improve pepper production and transfer that technology to production site. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of newly developed biochemical fertilizer on some physiological characteristics, yield and soil fertility of pepper. The treatment consisted of T1 (BS): chemical fertilizer (N:12%, P:12%, K:17%); T2 (BK1): biochemical fertilizer F1 N:15%, P:5%, K:14) and T3 (BK2): biochemical fertilizer F2 (N:13%, P:4%, K:12). The biochemical fertilizer F1 out-yielded chemical and biochemical fertilizer F2 by 75.38% and 16.45% respectively with the higher yield being associated with various phonotypical alterations, which are reported here. Significant measureable changes were observed in physiological processes and plant characteristics, such as large leaf area index, more chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis rate coupled with lower transpiration rate in biochemical fertilizer F1(BK1) treatment compared with other treatment. The high fertility level in biochemical fertilizer F1 and biochemical fertilizer F2 (BK2) reflected the important of organic material in improving soil quality. In conclusion, the achieve high growth performance and yield in pepper, chemical fertilizer alone is insufficient whilst combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer with balance nutrient content gave a significant increase in yield and growth of pepper.

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Screening of native entomopathogenic nematodes against semi-looper (Synegia sp.) infesting black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

Journal of Plantation Crops ◽

10.25081/jpc.2017.v45.i3.3342 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

Keyword(s):

Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Piper Nigrum

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Turmeric and cinnamon dominate in antioxidant potential among four major spices

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops ◽

10.25081/josac.2017.v26.i1.803 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 27 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B Saranya ◽

T Sulfikarali ◽

S Chindhu ◽

A M Muneeb ◽

N K Leela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methanol Extract ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Power Method ◽

Phenol Content ◽

Dpph Assay ◽

Synthetic Antioxidant

Antioxidant activity of sequential extracts of black pepper, ginger, turmeric and cinnamon was determined by DPPH assay, phosphomolybdate method and ferric reducing power method and compared with that of the synthetic antioxidant BHA. The results revealed that methanol extract of cinnamon has highest antioxidant potential followed by chloroform extract of turmeric. The antioxidant potential was also correlated with total phenol content.

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His -234 is an Essential Residue for Populus tomentosa 4 -coumarate: CoA Ligase Enzymatic Mechanisms

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1206.2013.00078 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 40 (11) ◽

pp. 1165

Author(s):

BaiGuang REN ◽

D-Feng LI ◽

CaiXia ZHENG ◽

Ying GAI ◽

XiangNing JIANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Populus Tomentosa ◽

Coa Ligase ◽

Enzymatic Mechanisms

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Piperine from Black Pepper Decreased the Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Macrophages

Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871523019666200702093759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Nasser Gholijani ◽

Esmaeil Hashemi ◽

Zahra Amirghofran

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Adhesion Molecule ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Intercellular Adhesion ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽

Therapeutic Benefits ◽

Relative Fold Change

Background: Macrophages are the main players involved in inflammation. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) facilitates macrophage polarization prior to extravasation into inflamed tissue. Piperine a natural product derived from black pepper possess useful biological and pharmacological activities. In current study, the possible anti-inflammatory effect of piperine on the expression of ICAM-1 on J774.1 murine macrophage cell line was investigated. Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated J774.1 cells were cultured in the presence of different concentrations of piperine to examine the changes in ICAM-1 expression by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. Results: We found that piperine decreased ICAM-1 gene expression level from 2.4 ± 0.25 RFC (relative fold change) in LPS-only treated cells to 0.85 ± 0.525 RFC at 1μg/ml (p<0.05), 0.43 ± 0.27 RFC at 10μg/ml (p<0.01), and 0.26 ± 0.25 RFC at 20μg/ml (p<0.01). In flow cytometry, piperine at all concentrations significantly decreased ICAM-1 surface expressions (P<0.05). The geometric mean fluorescence intensity (g-MFI) in LPS-only treated cells (792 ± 57.3) decreased to 482±70 gMFI at 20 µg/ml piperine. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, by decreasing the expression of ICAM-1, piperine is suggested as a candidate to reduce inflammation and has the potential for therapeutic benefits for immune-mediated diseases.

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Combining Normal/Reversed-Phase HPTLC with Univariate Calibration for the Piperine Quantification with Traditional and Ultrasound-Assisted Extracts of Various Food Spices of Piper nigrum L. under Green Analytical Chemistry Viewpoint

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030732 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 732

Author(s):

Mohammed H. Alqarni ◽

Prawez Alam ◽

Ahmed I. Foudah ◽

Magdy M. Muharram ◽

Faiyaz Shakeel

Keyword(s):

Analytical Chemistry ◽

High Performance ◽

Black Pepper ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Normal Phase ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Green Analytical Chemistry ◽

Pharmaceutical Samples ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Ultrasound Assisted

Due to unavailability of sustainable analytical techniques for the quantitation of piperine (PPN) in food and pharmaceutical samples, there was a need to develop a rapid and sensitive sustainable analytical technique for the quantitation of PPN. Therefore, the current research presents a fast and highly sensitive normal/reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique with classical univariate calibration for the quantitation of PPN in various food spices of black pepper with traditional (TE) and ultrasound-assisted extracts (UBE) of various food spices of Piper nigrum L. under green analytical chemistry viewpoint. The amount of PPN in TE of four different spices of black pepper—namely BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA—was found to be 309.53, 304.97, 282.82, and 232.73 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal-phase HPTLC technique. However, the amount of PPN in UBE of BPMH, BPLU, BPSH, and BPPA was recorded as 318.52, 314.60, 292.41, and 241.82 mg g−1, respectively using a sustainable normal phase HPTLC technique. The greenness of normal/reversed-phase HPTLC technique was predicted using AGREE metric approach. The eco-scale was found to be 0.90, suggested excellent greenness of normal/reversed-phase technique. UBE of PPN was also found to be superior over TE of PPN. Overall, the results of this research suggested that the proposed normal/reversed-phase densitometry technique could be effectively used for the quantitation of PPN in food and pharmaceutical samples.

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