TEMPERATURE AND WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT OF LIQUID IN A TANK USING FIBER BRAGG GRATING

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odai Falah Ameen ◽  
Marwan Hafeedh Younus ◽  
M. S. Aziz ◽  
RK Raja Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Work Measurement ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Fbg Sensors

In this work, measurement of temperature and liquid level were performed simultaneously using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors. A multi-channel Fibre Interrogator with built-in ASE laser source operating around 1552 to 1568 nm was employed to record a shift in Bragg wavelength due to contribution from both temperature and hydrostatic pressure of liquid weight in the tank. Results show a linear response between liquid level and temperature readings against the shift in Bragg wavelength for liquid level up to 85 cm in height and the temperature range of 27 to 77 oC. The sensitivity of the sensor head for water level measurement is 10.57 pmcm-1, while the sensitivity for temperature measurement is 11.28 pm/oC respectively.

COMPARISON OF WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT PERFORMANCE FOR TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIAPHRAGM USING FIBER BRAGG GRATING BASED OPTICAL SENSORS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odai Falah Ameen ◽  
Marwan Hafeedh Younus ◽  
RK Raja Ibrahim ◽  
Rosly Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Levels

A sensor head incorporating a diaphragm was designed and fabricated for water level measurement. It operates in the range of 0-70 cm column height, equivalent to a pressure in atmospheric pressure of 0-6.86 kPa. The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was attached on the two types of diaphragm to detect the change in the hydrostatic pressure caused by water at different levels. The diaphragms performance by comparing the sensitivity in within the mentioned range. Optical spectrum analyzer (OSA) was used to record the shift in the Bragg wavelength at different water level. The sensitivity of water level measurement using a silicone rubber diaphragm found to be 9.81 pm/cm for 70 cm in water level, while the sensitivity for polymer plastic diaphragm found to be 2 pm/cm at the same level.

WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENT VIA POLYMER DIAPHRAGM AND FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (3-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odai Falah Ameen ◽  
Marwan Hafeedh Younus ◽  
Rosly Abdul Rahman ◽  
Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Optical Spectrum Analyzer ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Sensor Head ◽  
Level Measurement ◽  
Thin Polymer ◽  
Bragg Grating Sensor

In this paper, a new design of sensor head to monitor water level inside the tank based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was demonstrated. The sensor head consisted of an FBG placed under a very thin polymer plastic sheet layer. This sensor head acts as a sensitive diaphragm to sense water level based on hydrostatic pressure caused by the liquid weight. The hydrostatic pressure imposed on the sensor head produced strain in the embedded FBG, which caused a shift in Bragg wavelength detected by the optical spectrum analyzer. A calibration curve to relate liquid level and shift in the Bragg wavelength was constructed. A linear relationship between the shift in Bragg wavelength and the water level up to 70 cm height with a sensitivity of 2 pm/cm is achieved in this work.

Design of a Sensor System Using Fiber Bragg Grating for Liquid Level and Liquid Density Measurement

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 889-893
Author(s):  
Kalyan Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Liquid Level ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Liquid Density ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
System A ◽  
Level Monitoring

In this work, a simple but versatile sensing system for very accurate sensing of liquid level and liquid density is presented. The sensor works based on basic strain sensitivity of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and principle of liquid obeying Archimedes’ law of buoyancy. In this system, a cylindrical shaped mass suspended from a Fiber Bragg Grating and partially immersed in the liquid to be sensed. If the liquid level in the container or liquid density varies, that change the up thrust on the suspended mass and load on the Fiber will be changed accordingly. The change in the load on Fiber changes strain on the FBG and the reflected Bragg wavelength also changes. The proposed device with proper calibration should be able to carry out real time and nonstop liquid level and liquid density measurements. A mathematical analysis of the system considering liquid properties and geometrical structure of the suspended mass is presented here. Sensitivity of the system for liquid level monitoring is also reported. Achieved results shows the path for the utilization of the proposed sensor system for precise liquid density measurement and liquid level sensing in very large storage tanks used for commercial/residential applications.

scholarly journals Online Healthcare Monitor System Based on Optical Wireless and FBG Sensors

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.4) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Murdas ◽  
Ahmed N. Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Fiber Sensors ◽  
Wireless Optical Communication ◽  
Link Distance ◽  
Fbg Sensors

In this work, a practical wireless optical communication system has been proposed for the purpose of monitoring the health condition of patients who are in hospital operating on the basis of the wireless communication system and fiber sensors. The suggest practical system employ a diffuse optical broadband link technique  based on laser Li-Fi the technology, Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors was investigated.  The focused on optical fiber sensors (pressure and temperature) for medical applications because it’s small size, immunity to electromagnetic interferences and their suitability for remote monitoring. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based (blood pressure, temperature) sensors is designed and implemented using a conventional laser source, Optisystem version 15. The collected data from sensors is transmitted to main unit, the suggested system tested under different operating conditions such as , optical link distance, laser power and transmitter angles, all operating conditions was successively demonstrated. 

scholarly journals Design Reliable Bus Structure Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network Using Gated Recurrent Unit Network

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7355
Author(s):  
Amare Mulatie Dehnaw ◽  
Yibeltal Chanie Manie ◽  
Ya Yu Chen ◽  
Po Han Chiu ◽  
Hung Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Fbg Sensor ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Fbg Sensors ◽  
Gated Recurrent Unit

The focus of this paper was designing and demonstrating bus structure FBG sensor networks using intensity wavelength division multiplexing (IWDM) techniques and a gated recurrent unit (GRU) algorithm to increase the capability of multiplexing and the ability to detect Bragg wavelengths with greater accuracy. Several Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are coupled with power ratios of 90:10 and 80:10, respectively in the suggested experimental setup. We used the latest IWDM multiplexing technique for the proposed scheme, as the IWDM system increases the number of sensors and allows us to alleviate the limited operational region drawback of conventional wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). However, IWDM has a crosstalk problem that causes high-sensor signal measurement errors. Thus, we proposed the GRU model to overcome this crosstalk or overlapping problem by converting the spectral detection problem into a regression problem and considered the sequence of spectral features as input. By feeding this sequential spectrum dataset into the GRU model, we trained the GRU system until we achieved optimal efficiency. Consequently, the well-trained GRU model quickly and accurately identifies the Bragg wavelength of each FBG from the overlapping spectra. The Bragg wavelength detection performance of our proposed GRU model is tested or validated using different numbers of FBG sensors, such as 3-FBG, 5-FBG, 7-FBG, and 10-FBG, separately. As a result, the experiment result proves that the well-trained GRU model accurately identifies each FBG Bragg wavelength, and even the number of FBG sensors increase, as well as the spectra of FBGs, which are partially or fully overlapped. Therefore, to boost the detection efficiency, reliability, and to increase the multiplexing capabilities of FBG sensor networks, the proposed sensor system is better than the other previously proposed methods.

scholarly journals Enhancing Temperature Sensitivity Using Cyclic Polybutylene Terephthalate- (c-PBT-) Coated Fiber Bragg Grating

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ahmad ◽  
S. F. S. M. Noor ◽  
A. F. Arusin ◽  
S. A. Samsudin ◽  
K. Thambiratnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Real World ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Wavelength Shift ◽  
Polybutylene Terephthalate ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Fbg Sensors

A polybutylene terephthalate (c-PBT) coating for enhancing the temperature sensitivity of a fiber Bragg grating- (FBG-) based sensor is proposed and demonstrated. The coating is seen to increase the sensitivity of the proposed sensor by a factor of approximately 11 times as compared to a bare FBG, giving a Bragg wavelength shift of 0.11 nm/°C with an operating temperature ranging from 30°C to 87°C. The proposed sensor is also easy to fabricate as compared to other similarly coated FBG sensors, giving it a significant advantage for field applications with the added advantage of being easily reformed to fit various housings, making it highly desirable for multiple real-world applications.

A Prototype of Fiber Bragg Grating Dendrometric Sensor for Monitoring the Growth of the Diameter of Trees in the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4841-4848
Author(s):  
Lelis Araujo de Oliveira ◽  
Jackson Moreira Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Barros de Sousa ◽  
Fiterlinge Martins de Sousa ◽  
Jorge Everaldo de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Transfer Matrix Method ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Coupled Mode Theory ◽  
Bragg Wavelength ◽  
Coupled Mode ◽  
Fbg Sensors ◽  
Point Dendrometer

In this work, we propose a fiber optic point dendrometer with two Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors capable of simultaneously measuring strain and temperature considered suitable for monitoring the growth of the diameter of trees in the Amazon compared to conventional electrical sensors and we perform a simulation on the performance of the sensors for measuring the diameter using the Coupled Mode Theory (CMT) and the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM). A measure of the diameter variation was suggested and the sensitivity of the sensors were analyzed from the measurements of the displacements of the Bragg wavelengths varying simultaneously the strain and the temperature. The results showed that the proposed configuration, thermally varied from 0 °C to 80 °C and deformed from 0 to 2400 μ could specifically detect minute variations in diameters with a resolution of 0.5 μm (0.0005 mm) with good linearity staying with a variation of the Bragg wavelength 0.12 nm for each 10 °C and 0.24 nm for each 200 μ. The feasibility of using this type of configuration of FBG sensors for strain and temperature measurements in the monitoring of forest, forestry, climate change and irrigation areas in the Amazon is very promising.

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