Effect of sheep grazing on mineral matter content of steppe stands in national nature reserve Mohelská serpentinite steppe

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of sheep pasture on the content of minerals in growth of the Mohelenska Serpentine Steppe National Nature Reserve.Merino sheep pastured on the steppe in 1997–1998, electrical fencer was used. There were 6.8–9.4 sheep per 1 ha in 1997 and 6.7–8.7 sheep per 1 ha in 1998 on the pasture area 4.25 and 6 ha. Samples of steppe growth were taken from five locations with typical fytocenological composition for particular area of steppe. Samples were taken each two weeks during vegetative season from area 3x1 m2. The contents of Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe in dry matter were evaluated. The changes in the content of the nutrients were evaluated depending on the location before, after and during pasture. The values of nutrients were compared with content of these nutrients in meadow and pasture growths (noted in European databases).The content of Ca was from 2.23 to 4.06 g/kg of dry matter. Pasture decreased the variability of location in Ca content and there were significant decreases of Ca content on two locations (P < 0.01). Low content of Ca in steppe growth due to pasture significantly decreased on these locations in comparison with Ca content in pasture growth on no-serpentine soil. The content of P was from 2.23 to 4.06 g/kg of dry matter. Pasture did not affect the variability of location and on one location pasture significantly increased its content (P < 0.01). Despite it the content of P in dry matter was markedly lower than in pasture growths.The content of Na was from 43.88 to 113.97 mg/kg of dry matter. Pasture did not affect the variability of location and its content. The content of Na was markedly lower in steppe growth in comparison with pasture growths. Pasture also did not affect the content of K, which was from 9.96 to 18.10 g/kg of dry matter. But pasture increased the variability of location. The content of K in steppe growth was low in comparison with pasture growths. The content of Mg was from 2.14 to 4.64 g/kg of dry matter. On two locations the content of Mg increased due to pasture (P < 0.05). The content of Mg in steppe growth was comparable with its content in pasture growths. The content of Mn was from 27.55 to 41.32 mg/kg of dry matter and the content of Zn from 12.05 to 26.64 mg/kg of dry matter. Pasture increased the variability of location in both these nutrients. The effect of the pasture on their contents was not (P < 0.05). In steppe growth the content of Mn was markedly lower in comparison with pasture growths and the content of Zn was lower in comparison with pasture growths. The contents of Cu and Fe were from 1.81 to 5.94 mg/kg of dry matter and from 76.1 to 263.2 mg/kg of dry matter. Pasture increased variability of location in the content of Cu and decreased its content in three locations (P < 0.05). The content of Fe was not affected by pasture (P < 0.05). The contents of Cu and Fe were lower in comparison with pasture growths on no-serpentine soils.

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Effect of Sward Height on Rumen Degradation in Merino Grazing Sheep

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600025022 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1993 ◽

pp. 180-180

Author(s):

A.R. Mantecón ◽

M.D. Carro ◽

F.J. Giráldez ◽

M.J. Ranilla ◽

P.R. Revesado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Merino Sheep ◽

Rumen Degradation ◽

Sward Height ◽

Grazing Sheep

It is now well established that the height of the sward grazed by sheep has a large effect on their performance (Hodgson, Mackie and Parker, 1986). However, there is a scarce of information about the rumen fermentation in sheep grazing at different sward heights. The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of sward height (4 vs 6 cm) on the rumen fermentation in Merino sheep which were continuously maintained on the pasture.The study was carried out on a continuously stocked pasture in August 1992. Twenty mature Merino sheep were used to obtain two different sward heights: 4 cm (low; LSH) and 6 cm (high; HSH). Sward height was measured twice weekly using a swardstick and was controlled by the addition and removal of sheep. Herbage mass was of 633 and 1397 kg of dry matter (DM)/Ha for the LSH and HSH paddocks, respectively.

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The Effects of Removing Sheep Grazing on Soil Chemistry, Above-Ground Nutrient Distribution, and Selected Aspects of Soil Fertility in Long-Term Experiments at Moor House National Nature Reserve

Journal of Applied Ecology ◽

10.2307/2404089 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 647 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

R. H. Marrs ◽

A. Rizand ◽

A. F. Harrison

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Chemistry ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Nutrient Distribution ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Long Term Experiments

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Quality of sorghum silage in the feed-out period: evaluation of hybrids, silo layers, and mass structure

Ciência Animal Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1809-6891v22e-68298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Mikael Neumann ◽

Egon Henrique Horst ◽

João Restle ◽

Eduardo Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

André Martins de Souza

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Fermentation Quality ◽

Sorghum Silage

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the chemical and fermentation quality of silage from two sorghum hybrids in different layers of the silo feed-out face, as well as the interference of the aerobic exposure time of structured and/or unstructured silo face (after feed-out). The AG-2005E hybrid silage presented higher crude protein content and higher pH compared to hybrid AG-60298 (6.33% and 4.0 versus 6.06% and 3.8, respectively). Silages from stratum 0 to 20cm had the lowest dry matter content and the highest crude protein content (38% and 6.35%, respectively). The pH did not differ between layers, and the NH3 content was higher in the stratum 60 to 80cm (4.5%). During 72 hours of aerobic exposure, the unstructured silage presented a higher increase in temperature than the silage from the structured face, but this period was not enough to result in differences in dry matter, mineral matter, NH3, and pH. The chemical and fermentation quality of the silage was directly influenced by hybrid and silo stratum. After aerobic exposure, silage from the structured face seems to suffer less interference compared to the silo feed-out face.

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Dynamic contents of energy and organic nutrient in steppe growths of the Mohelenská Serpentine Steppe National Nature Reserve

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200654040117 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 117-130

Author(s):

Pavel Veselý

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Regression Equations ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Nutrition Value ◽

Organic Nutrients ◽

Pregnant Ewe

The aim of the study was to determine the dynamics in the content of organic nutrients, ash and energy in dry matter of growths within the Mohelenská Serpentine Steppe National Nature Reserve (NPR), and to document their initial nutritive value before the intended grazing. Plant samples in 1995 and 1996 during the growing season in 14-days intervals from the area of 3 × 1 m2. Amounts of dry matter, fibre, nitrogen substances, fat and ashes were determined in growths according to the ANONYM (2001). Nitrogen-free extract substances (BNLV) were determined by final calculating; BE, ME, NEL, NEV, PDIN and PDIE were calculated using the regression equations (VESELÝ and ZEMAN, 1995, 1997). Combining ratio (SP) was calculated according to the relation: SP = PDIN (g)/NEL (MJ). The dynamics of the contents of dry matter, organic nutrients, ashes and energy were assessed in the growth during the vegetation period and the dynamics was compared with standardized requirements of sheep (no pregnant ewe). Regression and correlation relations for nutrition value of the growths during vegetation period were calculated by use of mathematical-statistical analysis. Only statistically significantly (P<0.05) different parameters form the zero are presented in the paper. The content of dry matter in the growths culminated in summer months (places D8, E13, B17) and it was accompanied by depression in autumn months. After the highest content of crude protein, PDIN and PDIE recorded in spring months summer depression (August) followed, this depression was partly balanced by autumn growth of vegetation. The content of ash in steppe growths increased during evaluated period. Similar tendency was registered for fat. Also the contents of fibre and BNLV linearly increased. The contents of nitrogen nutrients and energy corresponded with standardized requirements for sheep during whole vegetation period. Conversely the content of fibre highly exceeded the requirement except in spring months. With regards to requirements of sheep the steppe growths contained relative excess of PDI in autumn season and excess of NEL in summer season.

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Phenotypic correlations and path analysis between morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in corn hybrids for silage production

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.2721 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1905-1912

Author(s):

Jocarla Ambrosim Crevelari ◽

Nayara Norrene Lacerda Durães ◽

Gabriel Moreno Bernardo Gonçalves ◽

José Arantes Ferreira Júnior ◽

Vivane Mirian Lanhellas Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Matter Content ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Phenotypic Correlations ◽

Green Mass

The aim of this study was to estimate the correlation coefficients and slicing the phenotypic correlations into direct and indirect effects by path analysis between morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in corn hybrids for silage. Nineteen topcross hybrids and five controls were assessed in a randomized block design with four replications in two environments (Campos dos Goytacazes and Itaocara, RJ), in the 2013/2014 agricultural year. Phenotypic correlations and path analysis were estimated between morphoagronomic (average plant height; average first ear height; average stem diameter; ear yield with husk at silage point; grain yield at silage point; green mass yield) and bromatological (dry matter; crude protein; neutral detergent fiber; lignin; crude fat and mineral matter) traits. The highest correlation estimates were obtained between dry matter and crude protein and between dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, with magnitudes of 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. The coefficient of determination was high, indicating that the assessed components explain much of the variation in the dry matter content. Path analysis showed that traits with highest direct effect on dry matter content were the yield of green mass, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, crude fat, and mineral matter associated to high correlations of 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.90, and 0.96, respectively. The results showed the possibility of obtaining significant gains through indirect selection

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Effects of Azospirillum brasilense applied along with herbicides on maize

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.2746 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1913-1919

Author(s):

María Albana Di Palma ◽

Paula Cardozo ◽

Soledad Martin ◽

Herminda Reinoso ◽

Marta Dardanelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Matter Content ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Phenotypic Correlations ◽

Green Mass

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Forage production from fine branches and sprouts of native maniçoba

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n6p3767 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 3767

Author(s):

João Alberto Ferreira Rangel ◽

Olaf Andreas Bakke ◽

José Evanaldo Rangel da Silva ◽

Izabela Souza Lopes Rangel

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Matter Content ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Mineral Matter ◽

Forage Production ◽

Branch Cutting ◽

Manihot Glaziovii ◽

Cutting Intensity

The growth and forage production of Manihot glaziovii were evaluated in plants growing in Itapetim-PE, Brazil via a complete block experimental design with four treatments (0, 33, 50, and 100% branch cutting intensity) to analyze increases in height and diameter. Furthermore, 3×2 factorial treatments (three branch cutting intensities: 33, 50, and 100% as well as two types of collected forage material: Branches with diameter < 10 mm and corresponding sprouts on the same branches 1 year after being cut) were analyzed for improvement in forage quantity and quality parameters. Height increase was affected (P < 0.05) by branch cutting intensity (0.29, 0.11, 0.43, and -0.04 m plant-1, respectively, for 0, 33, 50, and 100% branch cutting intensities), while the increase in diameter was not affected (P > 0.05) (3.97 mm plant-1 was the overall mean increase). Cutting intensity×type of collected material, in combination, affected (P < 0.05) the quantity of the collected forage: means were considered similar (P > 0.05) in the first (branches) and second (sprouts) forage collection events for 33% (0.66 and 0.75 kg dry matter plant-1, respectively) and 50% (1.40 and 1.73 kg dry matter plant-1, respectively) cutting intensities; it decreased (P < 0.05) from the first to the second collection events, when 100% of branches and sprouts were harvested (3.37 and 2.06 kg dry matter plant-1, respectively). The combined effects of aforementioned parameters were observed (P < 0.05) as interactions for some forage quality variables. Neutral detergent fiber content remained constant (P > 0.05) between 50.57 and 54.41% in forage containing branch and sprouts from 33 and 50% cutting intensities. It increased (P < 0.05) to 62.20% in sprouts from 100% cutting intensity. Acid detergent fiber content increased (P < 0.05) from around 38.4% to 46.63% in sprouts from plants subjected to 100% cutting intensity. The crude protein (between 8.72 and 10.08%) and ether extract (between 2.74 and 4.35%) contents were unaffected (P > 0.05) by these factors. Mineral matter content was higher (P < 0.05) in sprouts from all cutting intensities with 5.9% being the highest. Up to 50% of Manihot glaziovii branches with Ø < 10 mm and corresponding 1-year-old sprouts can be pruned with no negative effect on the quality and quantity (up to 1.73 kg dry matter plant-1) of the collected forage.

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Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.57.2009.2.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

G. Hadi

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Matter Content ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Dry Matter Yield ◽

Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

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