scholarly journals Somatic Cells in Bulk Samples and Purchase Prices of Cow Milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-892
Author(s):  
Jindřich Kvapilík ◽  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Petr Roubal ◽  
Jan Říha ◽  
Petr Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk

There were calculated the somatic cell count (SCC) 209 (36 – 468) 103ml–1, the total count of microorganisms (TCM) 25 103ml–1 (from 5 to 377), fat 3.84 % (from 3.23 to 4.46) and protein content 3.39 % (from 3.04 to 3.75) and milk freezing point (MFP) –0.525 °C (from –0.534 to –0.395) of the 522 monthly bulk milk samples from 11 experimental stables during the period from 2012 to 2015. Residues of inhibitory substances were not detected in any sample. Milk sale reached 7,999 liters (l) with fluctuating between 6,150 and 10,532 l per cow. This can be deduced from the regression coefficients that due to increase in the SCC by 100 103ml–1 the TCM increased by 2.9 to 4.2 103ml–1, the fat content decreased by 0.09 to 0.13 % and protein about 0.01 to 0.05 %. Influence of SCC, TCM and the fat and protein content calculated from monthly samples for individual stables can be estimated at –0.12 CZC, fluctuations between the stables at +0.46 to –0.84 CZC per l of milk. The increase in milk price by 0.17 CZC in the range of –0.92 to +0.92 CZC per l of milk corresponds to averages of indicators calculated from 522 samples.

scholarly journals Correlations between the Total Antioxidant Activity and Biochemical Parameters of Cow Milk Depending on the Number of Somatic Cells

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sergei Yu. Zaitsev ◽  
Oksana A. Voronina ◽  
Anastasia A. Savina ◽  
Larisa P. Ignatieva ◽  
Nadezhda V. Bogolyubova
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Samples

The aim of the work was to study the correlations between the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) and biochemical parameters (BC) of cow milk depending on the somatic cell count (SCC). The BC and TAWSA values of cow milk were measured by spectroscopic and amperometric methods, respectively. The milk samples from the black-and-white cows (Moscow region) were divided according to SCС values: (1) ≤200, (2) 200-499, (3) 500-999, and (4) ≥1000 thousand units/mL. The average TAWSA values for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 (33, 15, 13, and 12 milk samples) were the following: 15.95 ± 0.74 , 14.45 ± 0.84 , 16.04 ± 0.63 , and 14.58 ± 1.18 . The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 1) were the following: total fat percentage (TFP) -0.305; true protein percentage (TP1) -0.197; total nitrogen percentage (TN2) -0.210; lactose -0.156; solids-not-fat (SNF) -0.276; total dry matter (TDM) -0.399; freezing point (FP) -0.112; pH -0.114; somatic cell count (SCC) - (-0,052). The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 2) were the following: TFP -0.332; TP1 -0.296; TN2 -0.303; lactose - (-0.308); SNF -0.159; TDM -0.391; FP -0.226; pH - (-0.211); SCC -0.193. The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 3) were the following: TFP - (-0.352); TP1 - (-0.411); TN2 – (-0.401); lactose - (-0.166); SNF - (-0.462); TDM - (-0.504); FP - (-0.766); pH - (-0.047); SCC - (-0.698). The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 4) were the following: TFP -0.159; TP1 -0.046; TN2 – 0.077; lactose - (-0.317); SNF - (-0.237); TDM -0.058; FP - (-0.036); pH - (-0.477); SCC - (-0.072). These data are important in assessing the physiological-biochemical status and state of the antioxidant defense system of cows’ organism.

scholarly journals БАКТЕРІАЛЬНЕ ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ МОЛОКА ЗА РІЗНИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУР І ТЕРМІНІВ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
N.M. Zazharska
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Bulk Tank

Research was conducted in the laboratory LILCO, Surgères, France. For the first experiment, 24 samples of cooled bulk tank goat milk were selected be transported within 2 – 3 hours at different temperatures. Then all samples were stored day at 4 °C. The indicators of bacterial contamination, fat, protein, freezing point, somatic cell count, urea were similar for different temperatures of transporting milk samples. Noted the big somatic cell count (> 2000 thousand / ml) at low bacterial contamination (19,6 × 103 CFU/mL) of goat milk. Samples of milk can be delivered to the laboratory for 2–3 hours at a temperature of 2, 10 or 20 °C if the milk immediately after milking cooled and stored in a tank at 4 °C.10 samples of cow's milk (non–cooled – 3 hours after milking, cooled – after a day) were also examined. Bacterial contamination of milk which has been cooled and being stored one day at 4 °C was in 4.6 times less (P < 0.01) than non–cooled milk, analyzed in 3 hours after milking. This proves that bacterial contamination of milk in Ukraine accordance with European requirements (up to 100 thousand. CFU/ml) is possible only when rapid cooling of milk after milking to 4 оС and storing it in the cooling tank. 

The effect of suckling following mechanical milking on milk yield, milk composition and somatic cell count in dairy cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Margerison ◽  
C.J.C. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

AbstractSuckling following mechanical milking is common practice in organic dairy production systems and in developing countries. The objective of the experimental work was to assess the effect of suckling and suckling frequency following mechanical milking on milk yield, milk composition and somatic cell count. Two experiments were completed using multiparous dairy cows allocated at 3 days post partum to their respective treatment groups. In experiment one, twenty–four multiparous dairy cows were allocated to one of two treatments for 305 days; 12 cows not suckled (NS) and 12 cows, which were suckled twice daily following mechanical milking (S2). Daily milk yield was significantly greater (P<0.05) in suckled cows, NS 8.0, S2 8.9 (sem 0.18) kg/d. Milk fat content was significantly lower (P<0.05) in suckled cows (NS 32.0, S2 30.7 (sem 0.56) g/kg). However, milk protein was not significantly different in suckled cows, NS 29.2, S2 27.6 (sem 10.79) g/kg compared with non suckled cows. Somatic cell count was significantly lower (P<0.05) in suckled cows NS 106, S2 85 (sem 2.85) 000/ml, compared with non suckled cows. In experiment two, thirty-eight cows were allocated one of two treatments for 120 days; 19 cows not suckled (NS) and 19 cows, which were suckled once daily following the afternoon milking (S1). Suckling took place for fifteen minutes daily following machine milking only. The calves were weaned at 6 months of age. Total daily milk yield was significantly greater (P<0.05) in suckled cows, NS 11.7, S1 12.5 (sem 0.04) (kg/d) compared with non suckled cows. The milk fat and protein content were not significantly different in suckled and non suckled cows. Milk fat content NS 33.4, S1 32.9 (sem 0.14) g/kg and milk protein content NS 29.8, S1 30.0 (sem 0.07) g/kg. In conclusion, suckled cows had significantly higher milk yields. Cows suckled twice daily had significantly lower milk fat content. Suckling did not affect milk protein content. Suckling cows twice daily significantly reduced SCC.

scholarly journals Chemical-microbiological quality parameters of raw cow milk

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milutin Petrovic ◽  
M.M. Petrovic ◽  
G. Nenadovic ◽  
V. Kurcubic ◽  
G. Marinkov
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Micro Organisms

This paper is based on investigation of chemical and hygiene parameters of the quality of cow raw milk. Samples were collected on 10 collection spots of the dairy firm "Imlek", in 4 identical time intervals in the period of one month (20.06.2005.-20.07.2005.) in municipality of Gornji Milanovac, and research was carried out in the laboratory of "Imlek" in Cacak. Differences in chemical composition and hygienic quality of milk were analyzed, and slight variability was established between collection spots. Average content of milk fat was 3,89%, protein 3,20%, and dry matter without fat 8,56%. It was established that in regard to protein content there is significant and very significant statistical difference between collection spots. This is consequence of different nutrition, focus is on introduction of protein enriched feeds into nutrition of cows. High variability of number of micro organisms is consequence of inadequate, non-standardized obtaining (milking) and storing of raw milk. Average number of micro-organisms was 844.875/ml, and it varied from 112.000?5.000.000/ml. Average somatic cell count was 357.850/ml. Variance analysis determined that collection spots had statistically highly significant effect (P<0.01) only on protein content, whereas their influence on content of fat, dry matter without fat, number of microorganisms and somatic cell count wasn't significant (P>0.05). Individual testing (LSD test) established that milk collected from 7th collection spot had significantly higher protein content compared to other collection spots, which indicated that dairy heads of cattle consumed higher quantity of feeds rich on proteins and had better balanced diet in regard to ratio of energy and protein.

scholarly journals Bulk tank somatic cell count and associated microbial quality of milk from selected dairy cattle herds in Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Adesola Amosun ◽  
Uzo Ogbu ◽  
Yemi Okunlade
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test

Improvement of traditional and nomadic milk production through dairy development program in Nigeria requires routine quality and safety monitoring of milk both at herd level and milk collection centers. A total of 411 bulk raw milk samples aseptically obtained from Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun industrial milk collection centers were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT), Bulk Somatic Cell Count (BSCC) and bacteriological analysis for assessment of quality and safety of milk from the herds. One hundred and seven (26.0%) of the samples were CMT positive, while 74.0% were negative to CMT. The overall mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 1.27×103 ± cells/mL, 1.12×103± 34 cfu/mL, 97.8±9.8 cfu/mL in the CMT negative milk samples while for the strong positive samples the mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 4.33×106 ± cells/mL, 2.35×106 ± 453 cfu/mL, 189.3±41.1 cfu/mL respectively; these were higher than the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance acceptable limits. Positive correlation was found between CMT scores and bacterial contamination and between CMT scores and SCC was recorded. About 26.0% of the samples with positive CMT could be considered unsafe due to strong correlation with microbial contamination that could result in milk borne zoonoses and public health hazards. However, a greater proportion (76.9%) of the milk with negative CMT scores could be safe for human consumption after post-harvest pasteurization. Consequently, there is need to improve handling, environmental and milking hygiene; as well as proper herd and udder health management to improve quality and safety of Nigeria dairy products.

Association between herd exposure to BVDV-infection and bulk milk somatic cell count of Flemish dairy farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Laureyns ◽  
Sofie Piepers ◽  
Stefaan Ribbens ◽  
Steven Sarrazin ◽  
Sarne De Vliegher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Bulk Milk

scholarly journals The presence of pathogens in milk of ewes in relation to the somatic cell count and subpopulations of leukocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tvarožková ◽  
Vašíček ◽  
Uhrinčať ◽  
Mačuhová ◽  
Hleba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Milk Samples

Mastitis is a major health problem of the udder in dairy sheep breeds. For diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly used. The presence of pathogens in the udder causes the increase of leukocytes and thus SCC in milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of pathogens in the milk of ewes and the possible relationship with SCC. The changes of leukocytes subpopulation in milk samples with high SCC were evaluated as well. The experiment was carried out on a dairy farm with the Lacaune breed. This study was conducted on 45 ewes (98 milk samples) without signs of clinical mastitis. Based on somatic cell count, samples were divided to five SCC groups: SCC1 &lt; 200 000 cells/ml (45 milk samples); 200 000 ≤ SCC2 &lt; 400 000 cells/ml (10 milk samples); 400 000 ≤ SCC3 &lt; 600 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); 600 000 ≤ SCC4 &lt; 1 000 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); SCC5 ≥ 1 000 000 cells/ml (31 milk samples). No pathogens were observed in the majority of milk samples (60.20%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most commonly isolated pathogens from the milk of ewes (86.11%). Staphylococcus epidermidis had the highest incidence from CNS (35.48%). In the SCC5 group, up to 79.31% of bacteriological samples were positive. The percentage of leukocytes significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001) in the samples with higher SCC (≥ 200 × 10<sup>3</sup> cells/ml) in comparison to the group SCC1. Also, the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was significantly higher with increasing SCC (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, the presented results showed that the high SCC was caused by the presence of the pathogen in milk. Thus SCC &lt; 200 000 cells/ml and leukocyte subpopulation, especially PMNs, could be considered as important tools in udder health programs applied in dairy ewes.

scholarly journals Evolution and factors influencing somatic cell count in raw milk from farms in Viçosa, state of Minas Gerais

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cotta Quintão ◽  
Adriano França da Cunha ◽  
Lindomar José Bragança ◽  
Kamila Soares Coelho ◽  
Mariana Fonseca Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The somatic cell count (SCC) of refrigerated raw milk reflects the occurrence of mastitis in the herd and the management of rural property. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the SCC of the refrigerated raw milk and its determinant factors in dairy properties of Viçosa, State of Minas Gerais. Monthly, milk samples were taken from 44 cooling tanks during 2012. A structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the production and management characteristics of the herds. There was a significant variation (p < 0.05) in the mean SCC of the milk, which was lower from June to August. Higher mean SCC and percentages of samples above the limit set by the legislation were observed in months of higher rainfall and ambient temperature (p < 0.05). Mechanical milking, lower milk yield, productivity, inadequate milking procedures, equipment hygiene, and water quality were all factors that influenced (p < 0.05) the SCC of raw refrigerated milk. Milker training is required for production of low SCC milk. 

Reliability of the bulk milk somatic cell count as an indication of average herd somatic cell count

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Lievaart ◽  
Herman W Barkema ◽  
Henk Hogeveen ◽  
Wim Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Sampling Variation ◽  
The Difference

Bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) is a frequently used parameter to estimate the subclinical mastitis prevalence in a dairy herd, but it often differs considerably from the average SCC of all individual cows in milk. In this study, first the sampling variation was determined on 53 dairy farms with a BMSCC ranging from 56 000 to 441 000 cells/ml by collecting five samples on each farm of the same bulk tank. The average absolute sampling variation ranged from 1800 to 19 800 cells/ml. To what extent BMSCC represents all lactating cows was evaluated in another 246 farms by comparing BMSCC to the average herd SCC corrected for milk yield (CHSCC), after the difference was corrected for the sampling variation of BMSCC. On average BMSCC was 49 000 cells/ml lower than CHSCC, ranging from −10 000 cells/ml to 182 000 cells/ml, while the difference increased with an increasing BMSCC. Subsequently, management practices associated with existing differences were identified. Farms with a small (<20%) difference between BMSCC and CHSCC administered intramuscular antibiotics for the treatment of clinical mastitis more often, used the high SCC history when cows were dried off more frequently and had a higher number of treatments per clinical mastitis case compared with farms with a large (⩾20%) difference. Farms feeding high-SCC milk or milk with antibiotic residues to calves were 2·4-times more likely to have a large difference. Although sampling variation influences the differences between BMSCC and CHSCC, the remaining difference is still important and should be considered when BMSCC is used to review the average herd SCC and the subclinical mastitis prevalence.

Relationship of Somatic Cell Count and Total Sulfhydryls in Milk

1986 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL R. SAMPLES ◽  
SUSAN L. DILL ◽  
RONALD L. RICHTER ◽  
CHARLES W. DILL
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Individual milk samples from 32 cows were analyzed to determine the relationship between somatic cell concentration and total sulfhydryl concentration (cysteine plus reduced cystine). A significant relationship was detected between somatic cell count, which ranged from 1.7 × 104 to 1.0 × 107 cells/ml, and total sulfhydryls per gram of milk protein. The regression equation, total sulfhydryls/g of milk protein = 31.96 + 7.99 (log10 somatic cell count) with r2 = 0.19, was calculated. The mean total sulfhydryl concentration was 73.1 μmol/g of protein. The minimal effect of somatic cell concentration on total sulfhydryl concentration indicates that somatic cell concentration should have little influence on chemical parameters of milk protein determined by sulfhydryl analysis when proper experimental controls are used.

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