scholarly journals БАКТЕРІАЛЬНЕ ЗАБРУДНЕННЯ МОЛОКА ЗА РІЗНИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУР І ТЕРМІНІВ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
N.M. Zazharska
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Bulk Tank

Research was conducted in the laboratory LILCO, Surgères, France. For the first experiment, 24 samples of cooled bulk tank goat milk were selected be transported within 2 – 3 hours at different temperatures. Then all samples were stored day at 4 °C. The indicators of bacterial contamination, fat, protein, freezing point, somatic cell count, urea were similar for different temperatures of transporting milk samples. Noted the big somatic cell count (> 2000 thousand / ml) at low bacterial contamination (19,6 × 103 CFU/mL) of goat milk. Samples of milk can be delivered to the laboratory for 2–3 hours at a temperature of 2, 10 or 20 °C if the milk immediately after milking cooled and stored in a tank at 4 °C.10 samples of cow's milk (non–cooled – 3 hours after milking, cooled – after a day) were also examined. Bacterial contamination of milk which has been cooled and being stored one day at 4 °C was in 4.6 times less (P < 0.01) than non–cooled milk, analyzed in 3 hours after milking. This proves that bacterial contamination of milk in Ukraine accordance with European requirements (up to 100 thousand. CFU/ml) is possible only when rapid cooling of milk after milking to 4 оС and storing it in the cooling tank. 

scholarly journals Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in relation to the somatic cell count in quarter, cow composite and bulk tank milk samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Åkerstedt ◽  
Karin Persson Waller ◽  
Åse Sternesjö
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

Milk somatic cell count (SCC) is the gold standard in diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, and is also an important parameter in quality programmes of dairy cooperatives. As routine SCC analysis is usually restricted to central laboratories, much effort has been invested in the search for alternative biomarkers of mastitis and milk quality, including the presence in the milk of the acute phase proteins (APP), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA). The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between Hp, SAA and SCC in quarter, cow composite, and bulk tank milk samples. Cows (n=165), without any clinical signs of disease or abnormalities in the milk or udder, from three different dairy farms, were used. Cow composite milk samples from all cows delivering milk at the sampling occasion were taken once in each herd. In one of the farms, representative quarter milk samples (n=103) from 26 cows were also collected. In addition, bulk tank milk samples from 96 dairy farms were included in the study. Samples were analysed for Hp, SAA and SCC, and relationships between the parameters were evaluated at quarter, cow and tank milk levels using Chi-square analysis. Milk samples were categorized according to their SCC, and the presence, or no presence, of SAA and Hp, based on the detection limits of the screening methods (0·3 mg/l and 1·0 mg/l for SAA and Hp, respectively). Hp and SAA were found in milk at quarter, cow composite and bulk tank levels. A large proportion (53%) of the animals had detectable milk concentrations of APP, and SAA was detected more frequently, and at higher concentrations than Hp, regardless of sample type. SAA was detected in as many as 82% of the bulk tank milk samples. Significant relationships were found between Hp, SAA and SCC at quarter and cow composite milk levels, but only between SAA and SCC at bulk tank milk level. Detectable levels of APP were more common at high SCC.

scholarly journals BULK TANK SOMATIC CELL COUNT IN MILK SAMPLES FROM STATE OF PARANÁ

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Newton Pohl Ribas ◽  
Paulo Rossi Junior ◽  
Humberto Gonzalo Monardes ◽  
Uriel Vinicius Cotarelli Andrade ◽  
Altair Antonio Valotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Tank

This research studied somatic cell count in bulk tank milk samples (BTSCC) from the state of Paraná, Brazil, at the Milk Quality Laboratory of the Dairy Herd Analysis Service of the Holstein Association of Paraná, the result of technical and scientific cooperation between UFPR and McGill University of Canada. A total of 1,950,034 bulk tank milk samples from ten regions of the state of Paraná were analyzed between January 2005 and April 2012 and were studied using PROC GLM (SAS, version 9.3). Fixed effects were the month and year of analysis, region and age of the sample. Means and standard deviations of BTSCC were 553,519 ± 545,532 cells/ml, respectively. All fixed effects were statistically significant (P<0.01). Highest values for BTSCC are observed in the month of February (554,000 cells/ml ± 1.45) and lowest values in September (450,000 cells/ml ± 1.47). Similarly, the highest values were found in the year 2010 (567,000 cells/ml ± 1.16), the lowest BTSCC was found in 2012 (444,000 cells/ml ± 1.57). The region effect was also significant with the highest values found in the South Center/ Guarapuava (668,000 cells/ml ± 0.87) and the lowest in the Southwest/ Francisco Beltrão (359,000 cells/ml ± 2.00). Both variables showed a reduction of their values with increasing age of the sample, from 518,000 ± 1.08 to 472,000 cells/ml ± 2.14 between the first and the seventh day, for the BTSCC. Coefficient of variation for BTSCC was 96.10%. The R² was 0.39 for BTSCC.

Effect of Extended Storage on Microbiological Quality, Somatic Cell Count, and Composition of Raw Goat Milk on a Farm

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1281-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. ZENG ◽  
S. S. CHEN ◽  
B. BAH ◽  
K. TESFAI
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Bulk Tank

Dairy goat herds in the United States generally are small, widely scattered, and distant from processing facilities. Unlike the situation for cow milk, it is not cost-effective to collect goat milk everyday or every other day. In some areas, goat milk is collected only once each week, which is in violation of regulations specified in the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance for grade A milk. This study was conducted to determine the effect of up to 7 days of refrigerated bulk tank storage on composition, somatic cell count (SCC), pH, and microbiological quality of goat milk. Duplicate farm bulk tank samples were taken daily after the morning milking for seven consecutive days each month during the lactation season. Samples were analyzed immediately for all variables except free fatty acids. There were no significant changes (P &gt; 0.05) detected in milk fat, protein, lactose, nonfat solids, SCC, or pH during extended storage, although significant effects of stage of lactation (P &lt; 0.05) were observed. The mean standard plate count (SPC) increased to 1.8 × 105 CFU/ml after 6 days of storage, exceeding the grade A limit (i.e., 1.0 × 105 CFU/ml). The mean psychrotrophic bacteria count increased steadily to 1.5 × 104 CFU/ml after 6 days of storage, whereas the mean coliform count was approximately 500 CFU/ml for the first 3 days and less than 2,500 CFU/ml throughout the 7 days of storage. No significant changes (P &gt; 0.05) in the concentrations of free fatty acids, except for butyric and caprylic acids, were observed during milk storage. When stored under refrigerated and sanitary conditions, goat milk in farm bulk tanks met the grade A criteria for both SPC and SCC during 5 days of storage but was of low quality thereafter because of the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria.

scholarly journals Somatic Cells in Bulk Samples and Purchase Prices of Cow Milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-892
Author(s):  
Jindřich Kvapilík ◽  
Oto Hanuš ◽  
Petr Roubal ◽  
Jan Říha ◽  
Petr Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Bulk Milk

There were calculated the somatic cell count (SCC) 209 (36 – 468) 103ml–1, the total count of microorganisms (TCM) 25 103ml–1 (from 5 to 377), fat 3.84 % (from 3.23 to 4.46) and protein content 3.39 % (from 3.04 to 3.75) and milk freezing point (MFP) –0.525 °C (from –0.534 to –0.395) of the 522 monthly bulk milk samples from 11 experimental stables during the period from 2012 to 2015. Residues of inhibitory substances were not detected in any sample. Milk sale reached 7,999 liters (l) with fluctuating between 6,150 and 10,532 l per cow. This can be deduced from the regression coefficients that due to increase in the SCC by 100 103ml–1 the TCM increased by 2.9 to 4.2 103ml–1, the fat content decreased by 0.09 to 0.13 % and protein about 0.01 to 0.05 %. Influence of SCC, TCM and the fat and protein content calculated from monthly samples for individual stables can be estimated at –0.12 CZC, fluctuations between the stables at +0.46 to –0.84 CZC per l of milk. The increase in milk price by 0.17 CZC in the range of –0.92 to +0.92 CZC per l of milk corresponds to averages of indicators calculated from 522 samples.

scholarly journals Monitoring research of somatic cells count in goat milk in the eastern region of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
T. I. FOTINA ◽  
H. A. FOTINA ◽  
V. I. LADYKA ◽  
L. M. LADYKA ◽  
N. M. ZAZHARSKA
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Average Sample

The aim of research was to analyze the contents of somatic cells (SC) in goat milk in the East of Ukraine, level of SC translocation in the process of milking, speed of SC evacuation in their secret, to conduct monitoring and ranging on the level of SC goat milk of herds in the Eastern region during 2015 seasonally. Somatic cell count was studied on a large number of animals in different zones of the East of Ukraine (1800 milk samples). Somatic cell count in goat milk of the Eastern region of Ukraine appears up to 800×10³ cells/ml at 65-71% of studied milk samples by the method of laser-running cytometry with the account of only those cells having DNA in the nucleus. While analyze of SC subpopulations in goat milk it is shown that at increase to 2 million cells/ml and more the concentration of neutrophils and lymphocytes does not change and the number of macrophages and eosinophils (р≤0,05) rises from 1,5 to 4 times accordingly. It is marked that SC contents in goat milk in the morning and evening yield of milk is different. In evening yield of milk, the somatic cell count is up to 30 % higher than in the morning one. A clear pattern of distribution of somatic cells in milk portions during milking was not detected. Average sample of yield is required to determine the somatic cell count in the milk of goats. Six of the eight goats over six months of lactation were given milk with a fairly constant somatic cell count. Low and fairly constant somatic cells content (15 to 63 × 103 cells / ml) is observed in the milk of primiparous goats.

scholarly journals Correlations between the Total Antioxidant Activity and Biochemical Parameters of Cow Milk Depending on the Number of Somatic Cells

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sergei Yu. Zaitsev ◽  
Oksana A. Voronina ◽  
Anastasia A. Savina ◽  
Larisa P. Ignatieva ◽  
Nadezhda V. Bogolyubova
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Samples

The aim of the work was to study the correlations between the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) and biochemical parameters (BC) of cow milk depending on the somatic cell count (SCC). The BC and TAWSA values of cow milk were measured by spectroscopic and amperometric methods, respectively. The milk samples from the black-and-white cows (Moscow region) were divided according to SCС values: (1) ≤200, (2) 200-499, (3) 500-999, and (4) ≥1000 thousand units/mL. The average TAWSA values for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 (33, 15, 13, and 12 milk samples) were the following: 15.95 ± 0.74 , 14.45 ± 0.84 , 16.04 ± 0.63 , and 14.58 ± 1.18 . The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 1) were the following: total fat percentage (TFP) -0.305; true protein percentage (TP1) -0.197; total nitrogen percentage (TN2) -0.210; lactose -0.156; solids-not-fat (SNF) -0.276; total dry matter (TDM) -0.399; freezing point (FP) -0.112; pH -0.114; somatic cell count (SCC) - (-0,052). The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 2) were the following: TFP -0.332; TP1 -0.296; TN2 -0.303; lactose - (-0.308); SNF -0.159; TDM -0.391; FP -0.226; pH - (-0.211); SCC -0.193. The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 3) were the following: TFP - (-0.352); TP1 - (-0.411); TN2 – (-0.401); lactose - (-0.166); SNF - (-0.462); TDM - (-0.504); FP - (-0.766); pH - (-0.047); SCC - (-0.698). The correlations between TAWSA and BC (group 4) were the following: TFP -0.159; TP1 -0.046; TN2 – 0.077; lactose - (-0.317); SNF - (-0.237); TDM -0.058; FP - (-0.036); pH - (-0.477); SCC - (-0.072). These data are important in assessing the physiological-biochemical status and state of the antioxidant defense system of cows’ organism.

scholarly journals Bulk tank somatic cell count and associated microbial quality of milk from selected dairy cattle herds in Oyo State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Olatoye ◽  
Adesola Amosun ◽  
Uzo Ogbu ◽  
Yemi Okunlade
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test

Improvement of traditional and nomadic milk production through dairy development program in Nigeria requires routine quality and safety monitoring of milk both at herd level and milk collection centers. A total of 411 bulk raw milk samples aseptically obtained from Ibarapa, Oyo and Oke-Ogun industrial milk collection centers were subjected to California Mastitis Test (CMT), Bulk Somatic Cell Count (BSCC) and bacteriological analysis for assessment of quality and safety of milk from the herds. One hundred and seven (26.0%) of the samples were CMT positive, while 74.0% were negative to CMT. The overall mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 1.27×103 ± cells/mL, 1.12×103± 34 cfu/mL, 97.8±9.8 cfu/mL in the CMT negative milk samples while for the strong positive samples the mean BSCC, TAC and TCC were 4.33×106 ± cells/mL, 2.35×106 ± 453 cfu/mL, 189.3±41.1 cfu/mL respectively; these were higher than the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance acceptable limits. Positive correlation was found between CMT scores and bacterial contamination and between CMT scores and SCC was recorded. About 26.0% of the samples with positive CMT could be considered unsafe due to strong correlation with microbial contamination that could result in milk borne zoonoses and public health hazards. However, a greater proportion (76.9%) of the milk with negative CMT scores could be safe for human consumption after post-harvest pasteurization. Consequently, there is need to improve handling, environmental and milking hygiene; as well as proper herd and udder health management to improve quality and safety of Nigeria dairy products.

scholarly journals Somatic cell count of milk from different goat breeds

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
J. Csanádi ◽  
J. Fenyvessy ◽  
S. Bohata
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Linear Calibration ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
White Side ◽  
Standard Limit

Abstract There is no standard limit value for somatic cell count (SCC) of raw goat milk in the EU despite that excellent hygienic quality milk is needed for the manufacture of fermented milk products or cheese varieties. Mastitis often results such high SCC - besides the potential risk for humans - that the clotting of milk will not be perfect, resulting slack curd with higher whey releasing; furthermore, wrong structure, ripening, bad sensory properties of cheese can also be its consequences. In this paper, we report the SCC of milk samples from five different goat breeds bred in Hungary, measured with two fast methods compared with the results from the reference method. Furthermore, we investigated the applicability and the accuracy of the MT-02 (Agro Legato Ltd., Hungary) instrument. We determined that the White Side test and the instrument MT were suitable for the estimation of possible risks and consequences in the case of the use of high SCC milk before production. The general summarized average milk SCC was 6.64 × 105 ml−1. The highest difference between the results from MT-02 and the fluorometric (reference) method was 5 × 105 ml−1, but it was a singular, extreme value. The r2 of the calculated linear calibration equation was 0.7819; consequently, this method seems to be applicable in the measurement of SCC with MT-02 instrument. Furthermore, the SCC of samples did not differ significantly by genotypes and by seasons (spring: 5.85 × 105 ml−1, autumn: 6.22 × 105 ml−1).

scholarly journals Farm business and operator variables associated with bulk tank somatic cell count from dairy herds in the southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 9298-9310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. DeLong ◽  
Dayton M. Lambert ◽  
Susan Schexnayder ◽  
Peter Krawczel ◽  
Mark Fly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Farm Business

scholarly journals The presence of pathogens in milk of ewes in relation to the somatic cell count and subpopulations of leukocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tvarožková ◽  
Vašíček ◽  
Uhrinčať ◽  
Mačuhová ◽  
Hleba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Milk Samples

Mastitis is a major health problem of the udder in dairy sheep breeds. For diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly used. The presence of pathogens in the udder causes the increase of leukocytes and thus SCC in milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of pathogens in the milk of ewes and the possible relationship with SCC. The changes of leukocytes subpopulation in milk samples with high SCC were evaluated as well. The experiment was carried out on a dairy farm with the Lacaune breed. This study was conducted on 45 ewes (98 milk samples) without signs of clinical mastitis. Based on somatic cell count, samples were divided to five SCC groups: SCC1 &lt; 200 000 cells/ml (45 milk samples); 200 000 ≤ SCC2 &lt; 400 000 cells/ml (10 milk samples); 400 000 ≤ SCC3 &lt; 600 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); 600 000 ≤ SCC4 &lt; 1 000 000 cells/ml (six milk samples); SCC5 ≥ 1 000 000 cells/ml (31 milk samples). No pathogens were observed in the majority of milk samples (60.20%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were the most commonly isolated pathogens from the milk of ewes (86.11%). Staphylococcus epidermidis had the highest incidence from CNS (35.48%). In the SCC5 group, up to 79.31% of bacteriological samples were positive. The percentage of leukocytes significantly increased (P &lt; 0.001) in the samples with higher SCC (≥ 200 × 10<sup>3</sup> cells/ml) in comparison to the group SCC1. Also, the percentage of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was significantly higher with increasing SCC (P &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, the presented results showed that the high SCC was caused by the presence of the pathogen in milk. Thus SCC &lt; 200 000 cells/ml and leukocyte subpopulation, especially PMNs, could be considered as important tools in udder health programs applied in dairy ewes.

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