Chinese Diplomatic Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Jingdong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Institutional Frameworks ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Global Power ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Hostage Negotiations

China’s rise as a global power and its proactive foreign policy have been extensively researched. The challenges China faces in sustaining its growing diplomatic presence, including the protection of its diplomatic posts and personnel abroad, have been much less studied. In recent years, Chinese diplomats have been increasingly operating in unstable environments and have become the target of terrorist and criminal groups. China’s growing economic footprint and the large number of Chinese citizens traveling to and living in foreign countries exert further pressure on consular services and expose Beijing’s diplomats to additional risks and challenges, ranging from hostage negotiations to the evacuation of Chinese nationals. As this chapter shows, Beijing has yet to fully develop legislative and institutional frameworks to manage these growing challenges.

scholarly journals JAPANS’S CHINA STRATEGY

2013 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
A. A. Kireeva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Divergence Of Opinion ◽  
Accurate Definition ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article deals with the transformation of Japan’s strategy vis-a-vis China. China and Japan are the most powerful states in East Asia in economic, political and military dimensions. They constitute two poles which shape the regional subsystem of international relations. China’s rise presents a considerable challenge for Japan’s foreign policy alongside with immense opportunity for the state’s development, with Japan’s and China’s positions, as well stability in East Asia resting upon Japan’s strategy towards China. Japan’s China strategy in the aftermath of World War II prior to 2010-2011 can be characterized as engagement with elements of containment. Japan has to a significant degree accommodated China’s rise by facilitating the successful implementation of its grand strategy, seen as the restoration of a great power status that China lost in the 19th century opium wars. The beginning of the 21st century saw a reassessment of Japan’s foreign policy and adopting a proactive stance. There is a divergence of opinion as to Japan’s strategy towards China in 2000s: while a number of scholars believe that there was a shift to balancing, others conclude that no such trend existed and “hedging” would be a more accurate definition, as it enables a state to protect from risks with regional coalitions. The early 2010s have seen Japan’s China strategy increasingly transforming into balancing and containment influenced by Japan’s growing perception of China’s maritime activities in the East China Sea as a threat to its security. However, there is growing possibility of adopting a “dual hedging” strategy, as China is first of all regarded as the key economic partner for Japan’s successful development.

Securitizing Culture in Chinese Foreign Policy Debates

Asian Survey ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Cultural Autonomy ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
Policy Elites

The tendency for Chinese foreign policy elites to securitize culture in international relations by portraying it as a zone of intense contestation with other states suggests that China’s rise will be rocky. Some seek to defend China’s cultural autonomy from American hegemony, others, to establish Chinese domination over weaker states.

Japan will move to counter China's rise

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Strategy ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
Defence Cooperation ◽  
The Rise Of China

Subject Japan's foreign policy strategy. Significance Prime Minister Shinzo Abe has changed core structures and frameworks within which Japan's foreign and defence policies are made. These changes can be seen as responses to the rise of China. Impacts Japan will use aid to counter China's influence, competing on quality and a record of delivering on promises. Laws passed under Abe could allow much greater defence cooperation with Australia and India. India is a future partner in Japan's developing relationship with Africa to compete with China’s Africa strategy.

China in 2013

Asian Survey ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Heberer
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Development Model ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Chinese Dream ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
The Chinese Dream ◽  
China’S Growth

In 2013, China’s new party and state leadership specified its domestic and foreign policies in the context of Xi Jinping’s vision of the “Chinese Dream.” A new reform package modifying China’s growth and development model has been announced. In foreign policy, a debate has commenced regarding another side of the “Chinese Dream”: China’s rise as a “Great Power.”

U.S., China, and Brazil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Augusto Guilhon-Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Its Region ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
Political Security ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
The U.S

China and the U.S. are currently the two most important trade partners of Brazil. Brazil is engaged in complex bilateral relations with both countries in political, security, and economic affairs. This chapter is divided into four sections. The first one compares Brazil’s bilateral relations with the U.S. and China by reviewing the developments of their diplomatic relationships in the past decades. The following section discusses how China’s rise may affect U.S. interests in Brazil and its region. The third section analyzes areas in which the competition between the U.S. and China could be positively affected by Brazilian courses of action in foreign policy. Finally, there is an analysis of possible U.S. foreign policy orientations toward Brazil and its region.

China Risen?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Breslin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Result ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
China’S Rise ◽  
Global Power ◽  
Chinese Overseas ◽  
China's Rise ◽  
International Interactions ◽  
The Way

This book is framed around two very simple and interrelated questions; what is global power and in what ways does China have it? By focussing on political economy and ideational dimensions of global power, it shows how Xi Jinping, whilst building on what came before, has developed a set of strategic strands designed to bring about (global) change. This does not mean that all Chinese international interactions are a direct result of a clearly coordinated and controlled state project; grand strategy and state interest and intent can be (and indeed, often is) assumed when in reality Chinese overseas actors are utilising their ‘bounded autonomy’ to attain other objectives. The changing nature of China’s global economic role – not least the growth of outward investment – might have been enough it itself to shine a new light on the nature of China’s rise. So too might the way that China’s leaders have articulated their global governance reform agenda and used an ‘occidentalism’ to establish China’s leadership credentials. Or the nature of attempts to influence (or even control) the way that China’s rise is discussed and debated across the world. It’s perhaps not surprising, then, that while a risen China might have gained followership from some, concern about the consequences of China’s rise has increased quite significantly in places where it was previously viewed with less apprehension.

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