Nonparametric Stochastic Modeling of Uncertainty in Rotordynamics—Part II: Applications

Author(s):  
Raghavendra Murthy ◽  
Marc P. Mignolet ◽  
Aly El-Shafei

In the first part of this series, a comprehensive methodology was proposed for the consideration of uncertainty in rotordynamic systems. This second part focuses on the application of this approach to a simple, yet representative, symmetric rotor supported by two journal bearings exhibiting linear, asymmetric properties. The effects of uncertainty in rotor properties (i.e., mass, gyroscopic, and stiffness matrices) that maintain the symmetry of the rotor are first considered. The parameter λ that specifies the level of uncertainty in the simulation of stiffness and mass uncertain properties (the latter with algorithm I) is obtained by imposing a standard deviation of the first nonzero natural frequency of the free nonrotating rotor. Then, the effects of these uncertainties on the Campbell diagram, eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the rotating rotor on its bearings, forced unbalance response, and oil whip instability threshold are predicted and discussed. A similar effort is also carried out for uncertainties in the bearing stiffness and damping matrices. Next, uncertainties that violate the asymmetry of the present rotor are considered to exemplify the simulation of uncertain asymmetric rotors. A comparison of the effects of symmetric and asymmetric uncertainties on the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the rotating rotor on symmetric bearings is finally performed to provide a first perspective on the importance of uncertainty-born asymmetry in the response of rotordynamic systems.

Author(s):  
Christian Ziese ◽  
Cornelius Irmscher ◽  
Steffen Nitzschke ◽  
Christian Daniel ◽  
Elmar Woschke ◽  
...  

Abstract This contribution investigates the influence of outgassing processes on the vibration behaviour of a hydrodynamic bearing supported turbocharger rotor. The examined rotor is supported radially by floating rings with outer squeeze-film damping and axially by thrust bearings. Due to the highly non-linear bearing properties, the rotor can be excited via the lubricating film, which results in sub-synchronous vibrations known as oil-whirl and oil-whip phenomena. A significant influence on the occurrence of oil-whip phenomena is attributed to the bearing stiffness and damping, which depend both on the kinematic state of the supporting elements and the thermal condition as well as the occurrence of outgassing processes. For modelling the bearing behaviour, the Reynolds equation with mass-conserving cavitation regarding the two-phase model and the 3D energy as well as heat conduction equation is solved. To evaluate the impact of cavitation, run-up simulations are carried out assuming a fully (Half-Sommerfeld) or partially filled lubrication gap. The resulting rotor responses are compared with the shaft motion measurement. Also, the normalized eccentricity, the minimum lubricant fraction and the thermal bearing condition are discussed.


1976 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Rohde ◽  
H. A. Ezzat

An analysis of the dynamic behavior of hybrid journal bearings is presented. The analysis accounts for the compressibility of the lubricant in the bearing recesses and supply line. Results show that when the journal is subjected to high frequency excitation the bearing stiffness and damping can change drastically. The behavior is characterized by a “break frequency” beyond which the bearing stiffness increases sharply. This is accompanied by a rapid decrease in bearing damping. It is also shown that the cross-coupling stiffness coefficients are reduced at high excitation frequencies. The asymptotic behavior of the stiffness and damping coefficients is examined at both ends of the frequency spectrum.


Author(s):  
T. A. El-Sayed ◽  
Hussein Sayed

AbstractHydrodynamic journal bearings are used in many applications which involve high speeds and loads. However, they are susceptible to oil whirl instability, which may cause bearing failure. In this work, a flexible Jeffcott rotor supported by two identical journal bearings is used to investigate the stability and bifurcations of rotor bearing system. Since a closed form for the finite bearing forces is not exist, nonlinear bearing stiffness and damping coefficients are used to represent the bearing forces. The bearing forces are approximated to the third order using Taylor expansion, and infinitesimal perturbation method is used to evaluate the nonlinear bearing coefficients. The mesh sensitivity on the bearing coefficients is investigated. Then, the equations of motion based on bearing coefficients are used to investigate the dynamics and stability of the rotor-bearing system. The effect of rotor stiffness ratio and applied load on the Hopf bifurcation stability and limit cycle continuation of the system are investigated. The results of this work show that evaluating the bearing forces using Taylor’s expansion up to the third-order bearing coefficients can be used to profoundly investigate the rich dynamics of rotor-bearing systems.


Author(s):  
A. S. Sekhar ◽  
B. S. Prabhu

Usually while modelling rotor-bearing systems the bearings are treated as point supports. In the present paper, using the finite element technique, the unbalance response of rotors is studied by considering distributed bearing stiffness and damping. The bearing stiffness and damping terms are derived by the principle of virtual work. Unbalance responses of rotors with bearing distributed effects are compared with the model using point supports and for different supports Viz., cylindrical journal bearings, tilting pad journal bearings, offset and three lobe journal bearings.


1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hashish ◽  
T. S. Sankar

The linearized model of a rigid symmetric rotor with finite bearings is solved using modal analysis. Important parameters of the finite bearing system are evaluated and these include the logarithmic decrement, damped natural frequencies, complex frequency response functions, and inclination angles of the orbits with the load direction. A chart of error measures giving the deviation of the linearized bearing stiffness and damping from those of the actual nonlinear system is provided. This chart can assist in obtaining a knowledge of the quality of a rotor response as calculated using linearized stiffness and damping and can be used to set acceptance boundaries for the linear model in different industrial applications because of the mathematical difficulties involved in a complete solution of the actual nonlinear representation of the rotor bearing system.


Author(s):  
C. Shravankumar ◽  
K. Jegadeesan ◽  
T. V. V. L. N. Rao

Abstract This paper present the analysis of a cracked rotor shaft with an offset disc attached to it and mounted on textured journal bearings. The bearings are modelled using linearized stiffness and damping coefficients, both direct and cross-coupled. The shaft and disc are modelled using finite element theory. The shaft and disc masses, stiffnesses and their gyroscopic effects are considered. The crack is modeled based on fracture mechanics approach. The rotor dynamic modelling and analysis of the system considering the effect of crack geometry is carried out to obtain the system whirl frequencies. The system is represented in reduced order state-space form and its critical speeds are obtained by plotting the Campbell diagram.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Carvalho Brito ◽  
Roberto Dalledone Machado ◽  
Anselmo Chaves Neto

Based on experimental pieces of evidence collected in a set of twenty healthy large hydrogenerators, this article shows that the operating conditions of the tilting pad journal bearings of these machines may have unpredictable and significant changes. This behavior prevents the theoretical determination of bearing stiffness and damping coefficients with an adequate accuracy and makes damage detection difficult. Considering that dynamic coefficients have similar sensitivity to damage and considering that it is easier to monitor bearing stiffness than bearing damping, this article discusses a method to estimate experimentally the effective stiffness coefficients of hydrogenerators journal bearings, using only the usually monitored vibrations, with damage detection purposes. Validated using vibration signals synthesized by a simplified mathematical model that simulates the dynamic behavior of large hydrogenerators, the method was applied to a journal bearing of a 700 MW hydrogenerator, using two different excitations, the generator rotor unbalance and the vortices formed in the turbine rotor when this machine operates at partial loads. The experimental bearing stiffnesses obtained using both excitations were similar, but they were also much lower than the theoretical predictions. The article briefly discusses the causes of these discrepancies, the method’s uncertainties, and the possible improvements in its application.


Author(s):  
Ladislav Starek ◽  
Daniel J. Inman ◽  
Deborah F. Pilkev

Abstract This manuscript considers a symmetric positive definite inverse eigenvalue problem for linear vibrating systems described by a vector differential equation with constant coefficient matrices. The inverse problem of interest here is that of determining real symmetric, positive definite coefficient matrices assumed to represent the mass normalized velocity and position coefficient matrices, given a set of specified eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The approach presented here gives an alternative solution to a symmetric inverse vibration problem presented by Starek and Inman (1992) and extends these results to include the definiteness of the coefficient matrices. The new results give conditions which allow the construction of mass normalized damping and stiffness matrices based on given eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the case that each mode of the system is underdamped. The result provides an algorithm for determining a non-proportional damped system which will have symmetric positive definite coefficient matrices.


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