A Dynamics-Based Hazard Analysis of Inverted-Pendulum Human Transporters Using Data-Mined Information

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Singhose ◽  
Christopher Adams ◽  
Dooroo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Using Data

When a product is a complex dynamic system that interacts directly with a human, engineers must consider a wide range of possible motions and forces that the device could exert on the human. Such an analysis goes beyond a simple thought exercise and requires detailed knowledge about the system dynamics and the operating environment. This paper presents such an analysis of inverted-pendulum human transporters. The list of hazards is constructed by using knowledge of the dynamics and mechanical design obtained through simulation and experimentation. However, the dynamics are so complex that the list is augmented with hazards that are revealed by studying accident videos posted on the Internet. The severity of the hazards is estimated using an energy-based measurement of the hazard onset conditions as well as compounding factors from the mechanical design. In addition, experimental and simulation results of sample hazard conditions illustrate their danger and severity. The analysis reveals that inverted-pendulum human transporters have several hazards with unacceptable risk.

A System-Dynamics-Based Hazard Analysis of Inverted-Pendulum Human Transporters

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Adams ◽  
William Singhose ◽  
Dooroo Kim
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Wide Range

Best practices in product design require engineers to perform preliminary hazard analyses on the most promising conceptual designs, as well as a more rigorous hazard analysis when the details of the product are being finalized. When the product is a complex dynamic system that interacts directly with a human, the engineers must consider the wide range of possible motions and forces that the device could create. Such an analysis goes beyond a simple thought exercise and requires detailed knowledge about the system dynamics and operating environment. This paper presents such an analysis of an inverted-pendulum human transporter. The list of hazards is constructed by using fundamental knowledge of the dynamics and the mechanical design obtained through simulation and experimentation. However, the dynamics are so complex that the list is augmented with hazards that are revealed by searching through accident videos posted on the Internet. The severity of each hazard is estimated using an energy-based measurement of the hazard onset conditions. While this case study is interesting, it also provides a systematic approach to hazard analysis that can be applied to other complex and dangerous dynamic systems.

Dynamic Effects of Obstacles on Two-Wheeled Inverted-Pendulum Transporters

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Harber ◽  
Christopher Adams ◽  
Arnoldo Castro ◽  
William Singhose
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Control System ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Wheeled Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Approach Speed ◽  
Small Footprint

Two-wheeled inverted pendulums can be used as personal transporters. Their maneuverability and small footprint give them some desirable properties for this application. However, given the unstable mechanical design and the complicated control system that is required, inverted pendulums make complex and unexpected motions in response to both movements of the rider and disturbances from the operating environment. These complex motions lead to dynamic hazards that may cause the rider to fall off or the device to fall over. To better understand some of the complex motions, the response of a two-wheeled inverted-pendulum transporter traveling over bumps of various sizes is studied. Three effects of riding over bumps are demonstrated through an experimental investigation. When striking a bump, the transporter may bounce in the vertical direction, depending on the approach speed and size of the bump. Bumps also cause the transporter to pitch forward. When striking a bump with one wheel, the transporter turns towards the bump. All three effects can act to destabilize the machine and rider.

Creative Strategy Used in Electronic Advertising

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-606
Author(s):  
Dr. Maha Mustafa Omer Abdalaziz
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
Electronic Environment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Electronic Advertising

The study aims at the technological developments that are taking place in the world and have impacted on all sectors and fields and imposed on the business organizations and commercial companies to carry out their marketing and promotional activities within the electronic environment. The most prominent of these developments is the emergence of the concept of electronic advertising which opened a wide range of companies and businessmen to advertise And to promote their products and their work easily through the Internet, which has become full of electronic advertising, and in light of that will discuss the creative strategy used in electronic advertising;

scholarly journals Risk factors for severity on admission and the disease progression during hospitalisation in a large cohort of patients with COVID-19 in Japan

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e047007
Author(s):  
Mari Terada ◽  
Hiroshi Ohtsu ◽  
Sho Saito ◽  
Kayoko Hayakawa ◽  
Shinya Tsuzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

ObjectivesTo investigate the risk factors contributing to severity on admission. Additionally, risk factors of worst severity and fatality were studied. Moreover, factors were compared based on three points: early severity, worst severity and fatality.DesignAn observational cohort study using data entered in a Japan nationwide COVID-19 inpatient registry, COVIREGI-JP.SettingAs of 28 September 2020, 10480 cases from 802 facilities have been registered. Participating facilities cover a wide range of hospitals where patients with COVID-19 are admitted in Japan.ParticipantsParticipants who had a positive test result on any applicable SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests were admitted to participating healthcare facilities. A total of 3829 cases were identified from 16 January to 31 May 2020, of which 3376 cases were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome was severe or nonsevere on admission, determined by the requirement of mechanical ventilation or oxygen therapy, SpO2 or respiratory rate. Secondary outcome was the worst severity during hospitalisation, judged by the requirement of oxygen and/orinvasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.ResultsRisk factors for severity on admission were older age, men, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Cerebrovascular disease, liver disease, renal disease or dialysis, solid tumour and hyperlipidaemia did not influence severity on admission; however, it influenced worst severity. Fatality rates for obesity, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia were relatively lower.ConclusionsThis study segregated the comorbidities influencing severity and death. It is possible that risk factors for severity on admission, worst severity and fatality are not consistent and may be propelled by different factors. Specifically, while hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and obesity had major effect on worst severity, their impact was mild on fatality in the Japanese population. Some studies contradict our results; therefore, detailed analyses, considering in-hospital treatments, are needed for validation.Trial registration numberUMIN000039873. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000045453

Robust stabilization control of a spatial inverted pendulum using integral sliding mode controller

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishan Chawla ◽  
Vikram Chopra ◽  
Ashish Singla
Keyword(s):  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Robust Stabilization ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Integral Sliding Mode ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lqr Controller

AbstractFrom the last few decades, inverted pendulums have become a benchmark problem in dynamics and control theory. Due to their inherit nature of nonlinearity, instability and underactuation, these are widely used to verify and implement emerging control techniques. Moreover, the dynamics of inverted pendulum systems resemble many real-world systems such as segways, humanoid robots etc. In the literature, a wide range of controllers had been tested on this problem, out of which, the most robust being the sliding mode controller while the most optimal being the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller. The former has a problem of non-robust reachability phase while the later lacks the property of robustness. To address these issues in both the controllers, this paper presents the novel implementation of integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) for stabilization of a spatial inverted pendulum (SIP), also known as an x-y-z inverted pendulum. The structure has three control inputs and five controlled outputs. Mathematical modeling of the system is done using Euler Lagrange approach. ISMC has an advantage of eliminating non-robust reachability phase along with enhancing the robustness of the nominal controller (LQR Controller). To validate the robustness of ISMC to matched uncertainties, an input disturbance is added to the nonlinear model of the system. Simulation results on two different case studies demonstrate that the proposed controller is more robust as compared to conventional LQR controller. Furthermore, the problem of chattering in the controller is dealt by smoothening the controller inputs to the system with insignificant loss in robustness.

Constructing the Seismograms of Future Earthquakes in Yunnan, China, Using Compressed Sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Huiyu Zhu ◽  
Siwei Yu ◽  
Jianwei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Compressed Sensing ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Focal Mechanism Solution ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Using Data

Abstract The ability to calculate the seismogram of an earthquake at a local or regional scale is critical but challenging for many seismological studies because detailed knowledge about the 3D heterogeneities in the Earth’s subsurface, although essential, is often insufficient. Here, we present an application of compressed sensing technology that can help predict the seismograms of earthquakes at any position using data from past events randomly distributed in the same area in Jinggu County, Yunnan, China. This first data-driven approach for calculating seismograms generates a large dataset in 3D with a volume encompassing an active fault zone. The input number of earthquakes comprises only 1.27% of the total output events. We use the output data to create a database intended to find the best-matching waveform of a new event by applying an earthquake search engine, which instantly reveals the hypocenter and focal-mechanism solution.

Does Social Media Engagement Translate to Civic Engagement Offline?

2021 ◽  
pp. 089976402199944
Author(s):  
Jaclyn Piatak ◽  
Ian Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Engagement ◽  
Informal Volunteering ◽  
Using Data

People increasingly engage in politics on social media, but does online engagement translate to offline engagement? Research is mixed with some suggesting how one uses the internet maters. We examine how political engagement on social media corresponds to offline engagement. Using data following the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election, we find the more politically engaged people are on social media, the more likely they are to engage offline across measures of engagement—formal and informal volunteering, attending local meetings, donating to and working for political campaigns, and voting. Findings offer important nuances across types of civic engagement and generations. Although online engagement corresponds to greater engagement offline in the community and may help narrow generational gaps, this should not be the only means to promote civic participation to ensure all have a voice and an opportunity to help, mobilize, and engage.

scholarly journals Design and Evaluation of Large-Scale IoT-Enabled Healthcare Architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3623
Author(s):  
Omar Said ◽  
Amr Tolba
Keyword(s):  
Packet Loss ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
High Altitude Platforms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Healthcare Architecture ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Employment of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the healthcare field can contribute to recruiting heterogeneous medical devices and creating smart cooperation between them. This cooperation leads to an increase in the efficiency of the entire medical system, thus accelerating the diagnosis and curing of patients, in general, and rescuing critical cases in particular. In this paper, a large-scale IoT-enabled healthcare architecture is proposed. To achieve a wide range of communication between healthcare devices, not only are Internet coverage tools utilized but also satellites and high-altitude platforms (HAPs). In addition, the clustering idea is applied in the proposed architecture to facilitate its management. Moreover, healthcare data are prioritized into several levels of importance. Finally, NS3 is used to measure the performance of the proposed IoT-enabled healthcare architecture. The performance metrics are delay, energy consumption, packet loss, coverage tool usage, throughput, percentage of served users, and percentage of each exchanged data type. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IoT-enabled healthcare architecture outperforms the traditional healthcare architecture.

scholarly journals Beads, Pixels, and Nkisi: Contemporary Kinois Art and Reconfigurations of the Virtual

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Katrien Pype
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Stereotypical Image

AbstractIn the 2016 Abiola Lecture, Mbembe argued that “the plasticity of digital forms speaks powerfully to the plasticity of African precolonial cultures and to ancient ways of working with representation and mediation, of folding reality.” In her commentary, Pype tries to understand what “speaking powerfully to” can mean. She first situates the Abiola Lecture within a wide range of exciting and ongoing scholarship that attempts to understand social transformations on the continent since the ubiquitous uptake of the mobile phone, and its most recent incarnation, the smartphone. She then analyzes the aesthetics of artistic projects by Alexandre Kyungu, Yves Sambu, and Hilaire Kuyangiko Balu, where wooden doors, tattoos, beads, saliva, and nails correlate with the Internet, pixels, and keys of keyboards and remote controls. Finally, Pype asks to whom the congruence between the aesthetics of a “precolonial” Congo and the digital speaks. In a society where “the past” is quickly demonized, though expats and the commercial and political elite pay thousands of dollars for the discussed art works, Pype argues that this congruence might be one more manifestation of capitalism’s cannibalization of a stereotypical image of “Africa.”

scholarly journals Problems of Powering End Devices in Wireless Networks of the Internet of Things

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2417
Author(s):  
Andrzej Michalski ◽  
Zbigniew Watral
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Alternative Possibilities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This article presents the problems of powering wireless sensor networks operating in the structures of the Internet of Things (IoT). This issue was discussed on the example of a universal end node in IoT technology containing RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tags. The basic methods of signal transmission in these types of networks are discussed and their impact on the basic requirements such as range, transmission speed, low energy consumption, and the maximum number of devices that can simultaneously operate in the network. The issue of low power consumption of devices used in IoT solutions is one of the main research objects. The analysis of possible communication protocols has shown that there is a possibility of effective optimization in this area. The wide range of power sources available on the market, used in nodes of wireless sensor networks, was compared. The alternative possibilities of powering the network nodes from Energy Harvesting (EH) generators are presented.

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