„Verba dicendi” w dialogach jako przejaw stereotypizacji w postrzeganiu mamy i taty w serii książek „o Basi” Zofii Staneckiej i Marianny Oklejak

The aim of the article is to show to what extent verba dicendi can create the stereotypical image of parents. Following the analysis, it can be concluded that the assumed hypothesis has proved to be correct, i.e. the use of verbs consistent with the characteristic (stereotypical) qualities of mother and father were present in the Basia book series.

Gender and Sexual Identity in Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happiness: A Cixousian Analysis of Hijra’s Resistance and Remaking of the Self

Hijra is a distinctive South Asia known for their gender and sexual difference and associated with their transgender and intersex identities. Otherwise known as transwomen, they are traditionally subjected to prejudices and embedded within narratives of exclusion, discrimination, and the subculture. As a result, Hijras are typically perceived as isolated, abject, and passive victims who remain social and economic peripheries. Concerning the stereotypical image of hijras, this study explores Arundhati Roy’s The Ministry of Utmost Happinessecriture féminine, this study examines characters’ contestations and alterations of existing definitions of sex and gender. This framework allows for a manifestation of gender flexibility and feminine writing as a tool for self-emancipation. Both protagonists Anjum and Tilo, illustrate that hijras are not predetermined but are formulated in a complex process of a conscious rewriting of the self. While the former character resists heteropatriarchal normativity through her conscious alterations of the phallogocentric structure of her Urdu language, the latter defies societal conventions of family and marriage with unorthodox views and actions that are materialized in the writing of her story.

STEREOTYPICAL FEATURES OF THE JEWISH IN THE WORLDWIEW OF THE LITHUANIAN SAMOGITIAN: LEXICOGRAPHIC DATA

Before the Second World War, urban Jewish communities in the Lithuanian ethnographic region of Samogitia were quite large, thus Samogitians and Jews used to maintain rather close contacts. The paper focuses on Samogitians’ view on Jews from an ethnolinguistic perspective, based on lexicographic material. The analysis of speech samples that express this opinion is based on a structural approach to meaning combined with a cognitive one, following from word meaning to sentence meaning. A stereotypical “image” of the Jew is believed to consist of a specific set of certain common characteristics and traits, which is further elaborated by an analysis of linguistic expression. The analysis of stereotypical features is related to the expression of the axiological system. The research revealed that, in the socio-cultural context, the scale of evaluation of the Jewish people included positive, neutral, and negative evaluations, with the prevalence of stereotypes of Jews as of neighbours, people of other religion, foreigners.

Wyrażenie Certyfikat „Super HoSpa” i jego rola w kształtowaniu obrazu opieki paliatywnej we współczesnym dyskursie medycznym

This paper is an analysis of the expression hospa, which is a part of the name Certyfi kat „Super HoSpa” (“Super HoSpa” Certifi cate), a distinction awarded to the best Polish hospices by the Rak’n’Roll Foundation. The neologism hospa is described in terms of its formal structure (as a contamination compound) and at the conceptual level (as a cognitive amalgam) using G. Fauconnier and M. Turner’s conceptual blending theory. Based on dictionary and corpus data as well as texts concerning hospices with the title “Super HoSpa”, the author reconstructs the representation of a patient-friendly hospice. What serves as a background for the description is the issues of palliative medicine and care and the stereotypical image of hospice established in the society, which the creators of the certifi cate are trying to “disenchant”, also through language.

Current trends in Greek puppet theatre. An informal form of education?

When social and political upheavals are testing the art of puppetry, education, and most importantly, the relationship between theater and education, the digital edition of this volume aspires to present to the general public its "today". Greek puppetry, which is very different from the stereotypical image that circulates in much of the educational world. The volume aspires to capture, as much as possible, the dynamics of its existence and its history, a story that convinces that no matter how much it was underestimated as a theatrical genre, no matter how many exclusions it accepted, it is here and continues to entertain and "erode"» with its special characteristics both the fields of education and those of other arts

Zmiana dyskursu w odpowiedzi na nowe wyzwania? Problemy imigrantów z Europy Wschodniej w kontekście pandemii koronawirusa na przykładzie wybranych polskich tytułów prasowych

The aim of the qualitative research carried out on the basis of critical discourse analysis is to check the ways of presenting the problems of immigrants from Eastern Europe (mainly Ukrainians and Belarusians) in the opinion-forming Polish press during the pandemic. Attention was paid to the issues of work, stay and its legalization, health and discrimination. 36 articles were analyzed in the period March–October 2020, which appeared in the Internet editions of „Polityka”, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, „Rzeczpospolita”, „Krytyka Polityczna”, as well as the Biznes Interia.pl and eGospodarka.pl portals. The type of problems of immigrants, agency of immigrants, relations between immigrants and the host society were taken into account. The obtained results were compared with the previous images of immigrants in the Polish press discourse before the pandemic in order to answer the question: does the pandemic deepen the stereotypical image of immigrants from Eastern Europe

Stereotypical Representation of a Female Politician in the Language Consciousness of Twitter Users

The study focuses on issues related to gender stereotypes of the blog community based on bloggers’ individual reactions and their impact on the perception of female politicians. The sample comprises tweets of the Russian- and English-speaking segments of this microblog, selected by keywords (based on the researcher’s view on the component structure of the thematic group «women in politics» and the representativeness of the sample) and collected with the help of the Python programming language. The classification of female politicians’ characteristics significant for users is made on the basis of feminine-masculine and psychophysiological criteria (according to E. G. Bakhteeva’s classification). The distribution of characteristics attributed to a female politician allows the researcher to determine which characteristics help women to fulfil their potential in politics or, on the contrary, hinder a successful political career. The results are interpreted in two aspects. On the one hand, from the point of view of the quantitative representation (percentage of characteristic groups), the field structure of the gender stereotype is compiled. On the other hand, in terms of qualitative indicator (content of characteristic’s groups, connotative components), the correlation of characteristics is identified and their visualization is performed with the help of Gephi software. As a result, the study builds models of a female-politician’s stereotypical image in the Russian- and English-speaking segments of Twitter and carries out their their comparative analysis. According to the first type of model, personal characteristics that may be inherent in both men and women are important for Russian- and English-speaking Twitter users, while typical masculine characteristics are the least relevant. For Russian-speaking users, high moral qualities are particularly relevant, while English-speaking bloggers appreciate high professional qualities. The graphs demonstrate that the language consciousness of the blog community tends to masculinize the stereotypical image of a female politician. Thus, a contradiction arises: bloggers explicitly acclaim the equal right for both men and women to fulfill their potential in politics, they recognize and accept the fact that women can be successful in the highest political positions and establishments and approve of the activity of particular women politicians. At the same time, traditional gender stereotypes, claiming that politics is a male sphere, implicitly retain their influence.

Profanity in viral tourism marketing: A conceptual model of destination image reinforcement

Destination image is considered one of the most researched topics in tourism. Studies have focused on how image formation agents can be leveraged to shape the image of a destination, with research on social media emerging in prominence. Despite this growth, limited research has focused on the confluence of viral marketing, profanity and destination image, especially among young social media savvy users. Consequently, the aim of this article is to explore how a viral marketing campaign incorporating profanity impacts on the cognitive, affective and conative components of destination image. An unofficial viral social media campaign in Australia was selected as a case study. Findings revealed attitudes were overwhelmingly positive towards the viral campaign. Profanity was considered by the respondents as a novel technique for stimulating destination awareness. Although profanity stimulated awareness, and the use of profanity reinforced a stereotypical image, there was negligible evidence of transfer to intention to travel. A conceptual model of destination image reinforcement is articulated. Future studies need to consider the benefits and risks of profanity in a social media campaign and the subsequent implications for destination image.