Quantitative Characterization of Dynamic Heterogeneity in Reservoirs With Stratified Noncommunicating Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongge Liu ◽  
Huiqing Liu ◽  
Jian Hou ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Kai Dong
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Dynamic Heterogeneity ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Individual Layer ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Water Breakthrough

Due to the difference of permeability in reservoir and viscosities between oil and water, oil displacement efficiencies at different locations differ significantly. Also, along with the water flooding process, the differences of oil displacement efficiencies change in time and manifest dynamic characteristics, which is called dynamic heterogeneity in this paper. A new parameter called “conductivity index” (IC) is defined, and the Gini coefficient of IC (GCIC) is selected to quantitatively characterize the dynamic heterogeneity in reservoirs with stratified noncommunicating layers. Then, the changing laws and influential factors of GCIC are investigated by physical experiments and numerical simulation methods. Finally, the application of dynamic heterogeneity in individual-layer water injection technique is studied. Based on the theory of seepage flow mechanics, the formula of IC is derived. IC not only contains static parameters including permeability, water, and oil viscosity but also contains dynamic parameters including water and oil relative permeabilities, which are both function of water saturation and also function of rock type. Therefore, IC can reflect the dynamic heterogeneity caused by water flooding process. A five parallel sandpacks' water flooding experiment is conducted to investigate the changes of dynamic heterogeneity. Results show that the value of GCIC increases rapidly before the water breakthrough of the sandpack with highest permeability. Then, after water breakthrough, GCIC decreases slowly. A new parameter GCI is defined to represent the average increase of GCIC during the water flooding process. By numerical simulation method, the influences of Gini coefficient of permeability (GCP) and oil viscosity on GCI are studied. Results show that GCI increases along with the increase of oil viscosity. And GCI first increases and then decreases along with the increase of GCP. When GCP equals 0.6, GCI gets its maximum value. Taking block P of Shengli Oilfield in China, for example, the changes of dynamic heterogeneity along the water flooding process are studied. Results show that the dynamic heterogeneity of each well group varies greatly before and after water flooding. For some well groups, the relative sizes of GCIC even reverse. The performances of different cases in individual-layer water injection technique are investigated by numerical simulation method. Results show that the case both considering dynamic heterogeneity and the remaining oil volume gets the best performance.

Research on Residual Oil Distribution Regular with the Application of Facies Controlled Modeling and Reservoir Numerical Simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Bin Wei ◽  
Shang Ming Shi ◽  
Pan Zhao ◽  
Dong Kai Huo ◽  
Wan Zhen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
North West ◽  
Oil Distribution

The high water cut stage on the residual oil distribution regularity in late development stage of oilfield is difficult in Daqing oilfield, North West Water Flooding fine demonstration zone development time is long, well under the complicated characteristic, adopts phase control of three-dimensional geological modeling and the method of reservoir numerical simulation in the demonstration zone, structural features and sedimentary characteristics of based on the establishment of demonstration zone, three-dimensional geological model. Through the application of fine reservoir numerical simulation method for the numerical simulation of remaining oil, and a summary of the demonstration zone of residual oil distribution law and cause of formation, provides reliable basis for the next step of oilfield development adjustment.

Influence Factor Research of Artificial-Interlayer Shape in Bottom-Water Heavy Oil Reservoir

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 1245-1251
Author(s):  
Fu Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Numerical Simulation Method ◽  
Volume Viscosity ◽  
Heavy Oil Reservoir

Artificial barrier morphology distribution mechanism and the EOR factors of he heavy oil reservoir with bottom water is be researched, Through numerical calculation and numerical simulation method. The model for calculating the height of the artificial-interlayer with curvilinear side surface is established. This model quantitatively describes the relationship between the artificial-interlayer height and oil yield, reservoir thickness, radial distance from well axis, reservoir permeability and crude oil viscosity. Maximum artificial-interlayer height and radius, the artificial-interlayer heights at different radial distances can be obtained according to this model. Through the case, the characteristics of artificial-interlayer form are analyzed, and rules of artificial-interlayer conformation are obtained when artificial-interlayer liquid with different volume, viscosity and race are injected. The further research are carried out through numerical simulation method, and the theoretical results are be Compared and verified which deepen the study of artificial-interlayer shape influence factor . Results show that: the volume and position of injected gel have more influence on development effect is obviously, the interlayer is designed 3M over the oil-water interface and thickness perforated is 6m is better, which provides a reference for the development of bottom-water reservoir.

Characteristics and Influence Factors for Oil Displacement Efficiency by the Micro-Model Water Flooding Experiment in Low Permeability Reservoir

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 1371-1374
Author(s):  
Xiang Chun Zhang ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Tian Li Rao ◽  
Hai Zeng Jing ◽  
Yong Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Micro Model ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Piston Displacement ◽  
Oil Displacement Efficiency

Through the displacement experiment of low permeability sandstone micro model of water Erdos basin, summing up the water displacing oil characteristics, and to explore the influencing factors of micro water oil displacement efficiency. The study found that, the water flooding characteristic main performance for: flooding mode mainly by non piston displacement; heterogeneity is strong, the oil displacement efficiency is low; the crude oil viscosity is low, the oil displacement efficiency is high; the main influencing factors are: physical; heterogeneity; displacement ratio. Therefore, for low permeability sandstone reservoir development, process parameters should be selected reasonably, in order to ensure the good development effect.

Numerical Simulation of Particle Impact Erosion within Electric Submersible Pump Based on Fluent

2014 ◽  
Vol 541-542 ◽  
pp. 713-715
Author(s):  
Si Jie Mei ◽  
Zun Ce Wang ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Feng Xia Lu ◽  
Jin Gang He
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Erosion Wear ◽  
Submersible Pump ◽  
Submersible Electric Pump ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Electric Submersible Pump ◽  
Impact Erosion

In the same well water flooding process, solid particles contained in the fluid often result in the impeller submersible electric pump to erosion wear. We use Fluent software to establish the model of flow field,and use numerical simulation method to analyze the erosion wear. We use the erosion theory to calculate the erosion wear rate,and verify the correctness by the contrast between the results of numerical simulation and actual value.

Analysis of the channeling of water injection in low permeability reservoirs with interlayer considering the seepage–stress coupling

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Youjun ◽  
K. Vafai ◽  
Huijin Xu ◽  
Liu Jianjun
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Injection ◽  
Low Permeability Reservoirs ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to establish a mathematical model for water-flooding considering the impact of fluid–solid coupling to describe the process of development for a low-permeability reservoir. The numerical simulation method was used to analyze the process of injected water channeling into the interlayer. Design/methodology/approach Some typical cores including the sandstone and the mudstone were selected to test the permeability and the stress sensitivity, and some curves of the permeability varying with the stress for the cores were obtained to demonstrate the sensitivity of the formation. Based on the experimental results and the software Eclipse and Abaqus, the main injection parameters to reduce the amount of the injected water in flowing into the interlayer were simulated. Findings The results indicate that the permeability of the mudstone is more sensitive to the stress than sandstone. The injection rate can be as high as possible on the condition that no crack is activated or a new fracture is created in the development. For the B82 block of Daqing oilfield, the suggested pressure of the production pressure should be around 1–3MPa, this pressure must be gradually reached to get a higher efficiency of water injection and avoid damaging the casing. Originality/value This work is beneficial to ensure stable production and provide technical support to the production of low permeability reservoirs containing an interlayer.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Rational Water Injection Rate in Continental Sandstone Reservoirs

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Manping Yang ◽  
Lu Jiang ◽  
Shuxiang Guo ◽  
Liming Zheng ◽  
Ling Meng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Displacement Efficiency ◽  
Displacement Effect ◽  
Injection Speed ◽  
Oil Displacement ◽  
Oil Displacement Efficiency

Objective: In this paper, an experimental model of water flooding was designed and manufactured, and experiments on high permeability and low permeability models were carried out. Methods: The relationship between injection rate, injection pore volume multiple and oil displacement efficiency, injection rate, injection pore volume multiple and water content in two kinds of permeability was analyzed. Results: There is a certain relationship between oil displacement efficiency and water injection speed. There is a reasonable water injection speed, which can achieve the highest oil displacement efficiency. The lower the permeability the lower will be the reasonable injection rate . In the reasonable range of water injection rate, the injection rate increases gradually, and the best oil displacement effect can be obtained. Conclusion: Through analysis, it was concluded that the oil displacement efficiency of artificial rocks with various water injection rates was different even in the same permeability experimental model. It was indicated that the water flooding recovery of the reservoir can be improved by using the method of strong injection and strong production in the middle and later stage of development.

The Research of Water Flooding Measures in Late High Water Cut Period of Secondary Reservoirs

2014 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
Kao Ping Song ◽  
Cheng Cheng Wang ◽  
Cheng Fu ◽  
Xiao Hui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Geological Characteristics ◽  
High Water Cut Stage ◽  
High Water Cut ◽  
Water Cut

D aqing o ilfield is in high water cut stage and always appears two phenomenon called "two speeds" and "two low". Based on the geological characteristics of the block, the current exploration wells arrangement and producing dynamics, two sets programs of water injection intensity and water injection timing were designed. Through the numerical simulation prediction of the two sets of 16 programs, the optimization results are 9 injection intensity and 93% of water cut. The cumulative oil producing capacity is 1402.41×104t and the cumulative increasing oil capacity is 6.26×104t and the increasing value of the recovery efficiency in Secondary oil layer is 1.33% when the water cut is 98%.

Numerical Simulation Optimization Study on Adjusting Well Pattern and Productive Series in Xingqi Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 669-673
Author(s):  
Dai Yin Yin ◽  
Bo Ying ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Cheng Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Vertical Heterogeneity ◽  
Well Pattern ◽  
Daqing Oil Field ◽  
Tertiary Recovery ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Control Degree

In order to optimize space of tertiary infill wells and tertiary recovery wells, this paper applies numerical simulation method to study Xingqi Area in Daqing oil field. According to serious lateral and vertical heterogeneity and different control degree of water flooding in different parts of reservoir, 3 development schemes are designed. Numerical simulation results show that Scheme 2 is the best, whose well pattern consists of tertiary infill wells and tertiary recovery wells. When water cut is 98%, the ultimate recovery reaches 58.66%, which is 10.74% higher than the ultimate recovery of old well pattern. The result possesses great theoretical guidance for the same kinds of reservoirs.

Numerical Simulation of Pollutant Emission of a Turbojet Engine With Water Injection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanxin Sun ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Yanmin Wang ◽  
Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Injection Technique ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
No Production ◽  
Turbojet Engine

Numerical simulation of a turbojet engine with water injection from the compressor inlet has been executed to evaluate the effect of wet compression on the pollutant emission in this paper. Water injection technique has shown the advantage of reducing the compression work and increasing the power output, and can also reduce the gas temperature in the combustion chamber and turbine which can help to reduce the thermal fatigue of the hot parts and extend their service life. Previous studies have indicated that there is a great relationship between pollutant emission of NOx and the combustion temperature, so the decrease of combustion temperature can reduce the amount of pollutant production of aircrafts especially near the airport because of the takeoff and landing of the aircrafts. And this potential of meeting the increasingly stringent pollutant emission target of water injection technique has aroused great interest of the world major engine manufacturers and research institutions. Compared with cases of no water injection, the results of this study show that the inlet temperature of combustion chamber drops obviously because of water injection, the average NO concentration in combustion chamber decreases greatly, but the concentration of CO increases significantly. Analysis of the results shows that based on fuel consumption of per unit mass the relation between the NO production in combustion chamber and the mass water evaporation varies according to the exponential law and CO production in water injection cases is similar to the cases without water injection.

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