Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of 2218 Al-Alloy-Al2O3(TiO2) Hybrid Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet Tirth
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Aged Alloy ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Mathematical Relationship ◽  
Sliding Distance

AA2218–Al2O3(TiO2) composites are synthesized by stirring 2, 5, and 7 wt % of 1:2 mixture of Al2O3:TiO2 powders in molten AA2218 alloy. T61 heat-treated composites characterized for microstructure and hardness. Dry sliding wear tests conducted on pin-on-disk setup at available loads 4.91–13.24 N, sliding speed of 1.26 m/s up to sliding distance of 3770 m. Stir cast AA2218 alloy (unreinforced, 0 wt % composite) wears quickly by adhesion, following Archard's law. Aged alloy exhibits lesser wear rate than unaged (solutionized). Mathematical relationship between wear rate and load proposed for solutionized and peak aged alloy. Volume loss in wear increases linearly with sliding distance but drops with the increase in particle wt % at a given load, attributed to the increase in hardness due to matrix reinforcement. Minimum wear rate is recorded in 5 wt % composite due to increased particles retention, lesser porosity, and uniform particle distribution. In composites, wear phenomenon is complex, combination of adhesive and abrasive wear which includes the effect of shear rate, due to sliding action in composite, and abrasive effect (three body wear) of particles. General mathematical relationship for wear rate of T61 aged composite as a function of particle wt % load is suggested. Fe content on worn surface increases with the increase in particle content and counterface temperature increases with the increase in load. Coefficient of friction decreases with particle addition but increases in 7 wt % composite due to change in microstructure.

scholarly journals An investigation on dry sliding wear behavior of Al6061/ Titanium carbide/ Basalt hybrid metal matrix composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
P. MUTHU
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Sliding Distance

Dry sliding wear plays an important role in selecting material for automotive and aerospace applications. Researchers have been exploring novel aluminum matrix composites (AMC), which offer minimum wear rate for various tribological applications. The present work involves multi-objective optimization for dry sliding wear behavior of Al6061 reinforced with 6 % of Titanium carbide and 4% of basalt hybrid metal matrix composites using principal component analysis (PCA)-based grey relational analysis (GRA). In this article, the effects of input variables of wear parameters such as applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance were investigated on different output responses, namely the wear rate, friction force and specific wear rate. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array with three-level settings was chosen for conducting experiments. Three output responses in each experiment were normalized into a weighted grey relational grade using grey relational analysis coupled with the principal component analysis. The analysis of variance indicated that sliding distance is the most influential parameter followed by load and sliding velocity that contributes to the quality characteristics. Optimal results have been verified through additional experiments.

OPTIMIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF DRY SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OF STIR CASTED AlSi6Cu4–TiO2 COMPOSITE USING CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1950052
Author(s):  
SUBBARAYAN SIVASANKARAN
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Sliding Distance

The present research paperfocusses on manufacture of AlSi6Cu4–3 wt.% TiO2 metal matrix composite (MMC) through liquid metallurgy route, and the manufactured composites are tested for their dry sliding wear behavior using response surface methodology (RSM). The extensive microstructural investigation is carried out to examine the dispersion of Titania particles, its bonding ability, and embedment characteristics with the matrix. The wear rate on the developed MMC is investigated and predicted using regression model. Further, the confirmation test is conducted to validate the model. The microstructures of the composite had revealed that TiO2 particles are dispersed in the Al matrix. Further, the surface plots show that the wear rate started to vary linearly with the function of load whereas the wear rate starts to vary nonlinearly with the function of the sliding velocity and the sliding distance. In addition, the worn surfaces were investigated through the scanning electron microscopewhich addressed the wear mechanisms and revealed that TiO2 particles enhance the wear performance of aluminum alloy by a reduction in material removal at all wear conditions.

Heat Treatment and Wear Characteristics of Al2O3 and TiC Particulate Reinforced AA6063 Al Alloy Hybrid Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdel Aziz ◽  
T. S. Mahmoud ◽  
Z. I. Zaki ◽  
A. M. Gaafer
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Peak Hardness ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Composite Alloy ◽  
Al2o3 Particles

In this article, the heat treatment and dry sliding wear behavior of Al-based AA6063 alloy reinforced with both TiC and Al2O3 ceramic particles were studied. The particles were synthesized by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) technique. The prepared composite alloy contains 5vol.%Al2O3 and 5vol.% TiC particles. The composite alloy was prepared by vortex method. To attain the peak hardness values of the alloys, age hardening behavior of the monolithic alloy and also the composite alloy was investigated. The wear tests were performed at room temperature using a pin-on-disk type apparatus. The results showed that the addition of TiC and Al2O3 particles increases the hardness of the AA6063 Al alloy and at the same time accelerates the aging kinetics. The sliding wear properties of AA6063 Al alloy were significantly improved by the addition of TiC and Al2O3 particles.

Multi-response optimization of tribological characteristics of aluminum MMCs using PCA

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-287
Author(s):  
Rajesh Siriyala ◽  
A. Gopala Krishna ◽  
P. Rama Murthy Raju ◽  
M. Duraiselvam
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Response Optimization ◽  
Sliding Distance

Purpose – Since, wear is the one of the most commonly encountered industrial problems leading to frequent replacement of components there is a need to develop metal matrix composites (MMCs) for achieving better wear properties. The purpose of this paper is to fabricate aluminum MMCs to improve the dry sliding wear characteristics. An effective multi-response optimization approach called the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the sets of optimal parameters in dry sliding wear process. Design/methodology/approach – The present work investigates the dry sliding wear behavior of graphite reinforced aluminum composites produced by the molten metal mixing method by means of a pin-on-disc type wear set up. Dry sliding wear tests were carried on graphite reinforced MMCs and its matrix alloy sliding against a steel counter face. Different contact stress, reinforcement percentage, sliding distance and sliding velocity were selected as the control variables and the response selected was wear volume loss (WVL) and coefficient of friction (COF) to evaluate the dry sliding performance. An L25 orthogonal array was employed for the experimental design. Optimization of dry sliding performance of the graphite reinforced MMCs was performed using PCA. Findings – Based on the PCA, the optimum level parameters for overall principal component (PC) of WVL and COF have been identified. Moreover, analysis of variance was performed to know the impact of individual factors on overall PC of WVL and COF. The results indicated that the reinforcement percentage was found to be most effective factor among the other control parameters on dry sliding wear followed by sliding distance, sliding velocity and contact stress. Finally the wear surface morphology of the composites has been investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Practical implications – Various manufacturing techniques are available for processing of MMCs. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. In particular, some techniques are significantly expensive compared to others. Generally the manufacturer prefers the low cost technique. Therefore stir casting technique which was used in this paper for manufacturing of Aluminum MMCs is the best alternative for processing of MMCs in the present commercial sectors. Since the most important criteria of a dry sliding wear behavior is to provide lower WVL and COF, this study has intended to prove the application of PCA technique for solving multi objective optimization problem in wear applications like piston rings, piston rods, cylinder heads and brake rotors, etc. Originality/value – Application of multi-response optimization technique for evaluation of tribological characteristics for Aluminum MMCs made up of graphite particulates is a first-of-its-kind approach in literature. Hence PCA method can be successfully used for multi-response optimization of dry sliding wear process.

Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Analysis of Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Al LM13/AlN Metal Matrix Composite Based on Taguchi's Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Radhika ◽  
R. Raghu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Sliding Distance

LM13/AlN (10 wt. %) metal matrix composites (MMC) and unreinforced aluminum alloy were produced under stir casting route. Microstructural characteristics were examined on the developed composite using optical microscope. The hardness and tensile test were carried out on both unreinforced aluminum alloy and composite using Vickers hardness tester and universal testing machine (UTM), respectively. Dry sliding wear behavior of the composite and unreinforced aluminum alloy was evaluated using pin-on-disk tribometer based on the design of experiments approach. Experimental parameters such as applied load (10, 20, and 30 N), velocity (1, 2, and 3 m/s), and sliding distance (500, 1000, and 1500 m) were varied for three levels. Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis, analysis of variance, and regression analysis were also performed. The characterization results showed that reinforcement particles were uniformly distributed in the composite. The hardness and tensile test revealed greater improvement of property in composite compared to that of unreinforced alloy. Wear plot showed that wear was increased with increase in load and decreased with increase in velocity and sliding distance. S/N ratio analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that load has greater significance over the wear rate followed by velocity and sliding distance. Regression analysis revealed greater adequacy with the constructed model in predicting the wear behavior of composite and unreinforced aluminum alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis is evident that the transition of wear from mild to severe occurred on increase of the load in the composite.

Optimization of dry sliding wear parameters of recursive friction stir processed aluminium 7075 alloy

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012094161
Author(s):  
G Girish ◽  
V Anandakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Sliding Distance

In this work, the dry sliding wear behaviour of recursively friction stir processed AA7075 was investigated using a pin-on-disc wear testing apparatus. The microstructure of the processed specimen was probed using optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Experiments were conducted using Taguchi experimental design by varying three different parameters like load, sliding velocity and sliding distance, and the analysis of variance was performed to identify the influence of the parameters over the wear rate. From the main effect plot, the combination of 9.81 N of load, 2 m/s of sliding velocity and a sliding distance of 2000 m was identified as the optimum levels that minimize the wear rate. The regression model was developed to calculate the wear rate, and the validation test was performed with the optimum parameter combination and compared with the experimental results. Wear tracks were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy to identify the type of wear mechanism.

scholarly journals Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of B4C and Graphite Particulates Reinforced A356 Alloy Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.23) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Pankaj R Jadhav ◽  
B R Sridhar ◽  
Madeva Nagaral ◽  
Jayasheel I Harti ◽  
V Auradi
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
A356 Alloy ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Mechanical Assembly ◽  
Wear Protection

The present works manages readiness of the composites by mix stirring method. A356 amalgam 4 wt. % of B4C and A356-4 wt. % of Graphite and A356-4% B4C-4% Graphite hybrid composites were readied. To enhance the wetting and uniform conveyance of the particles, fortifications were preheated to a temperature of 500 Degree Celsius. The arranged MMCs are subjected to examining SEM instrument which affirms the homogenous uniform appropriation of smaller scale B4C and Graphite particles in the lattice combination without agglomeration. The wear protection of arranged composites was examined by performing dry sliding wear test utilizing DUCOM made stick on plate mechanical assembly. The tests were directed at a consistent heap of 3kg and sliding separation of 4000m over a speed of 100, 200 and 300 rpm. So also the other arrangement of investigations were led at consistent sped of 300 rpm and sliding separation of 4000m and with changing heap of 1kg, 2kg, and 3kg. The outcomes demonstrated that the wear protections of the composites were improved than the lattice material.   

Garnet and Al-flyash composite under dry sliding conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (17) ◽  
pp. 2281-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sivakumar ◽  
S Senthil Kumaran ◽  
M Uthayakumar ◽  
A Daniel Das
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding

The dry sliding wear behaviour of LM 24 aluminum alloy composites reinforced with garnet particles was evaluated. Stir casting technique was used to fabricate the composites. A pin-on-disc wear-testing machine was used to evaluate the wear rate, in which an EN 24 steel disc was used as the counterface. Results indicated that the wear rates of the composites were lower than that of the matrix alloy and further decreased with the increase in garnet content. However, in both unreinforced and reinforced composites, the wear rate increased with the increase in load and the sliding speed. Increase in the applied load increased the wear severity by changing the wear mechanism from abrasion to particle cracking-induced delamination wear. It was found that with the increase in garnet content, the wear resistance increased monotonically. The observations have been explained using scanning electron microscopy analysis of the worn surfaces and the subsurface of the composites. In this work, the most influencing input and output parameters have been performed and the process parameters have been prioritized using genetic algorithm. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the most influencing input as well as output process parameters. The practical significance of applying genetic algorithm to dry sliding wear behavior process has been validated by means of computing the deviation between predicted and experimentally obtained wear behavior of metal matrix composite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document