The Sensitivity of Inner Nozzle Flow in Gasoline Direct Injection Injector to the Nozzle Geometry Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhai Li ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Xiaoyan Ma ◽  
Xue Yang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Nozzle Length ◽  
Injector Nozzle

The inner-flow of gasoline direct injection (GDI) injector nozzles plays an important role in the process of spray, and affects the mixture process in gasoline engine cylinder. The nozzle structure also affects the inner-flow of GDI injector. In order to obtain uniform performance of GDI injector, the size consistency of injector nozzle should be ensured. This paper researches the effect of nozzle length and diameter on the inner flow and analyzes the sensitivity of inner flow characteristics to these structural parameters. First, this paper reveals the process of inception, development, and saturated condition of cavitation phenomenon in injector nozzle. Second, the inner-nozzle flow characteristics are more sensitive to small diameter than large diameter under the short nozzle length, while the sensitivity of the inner-nozzle flow characteristics to large nozzle diameter becomes strong as the increase of the nozzle length. Finally, the influence of nozzle angle on the injection mass flow is studied, and the single nozzle fuel mass will increase as the decrease of nozzle angle α. And the sensitivity of inner-flow characteristic to nozzle angle becomes strong as the decrease of α.

scholarly journals Effects of Nozzle Diameter on the Spray Characteristics of Premix Injector in Burner System

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 570-574
Author(s):  
Shahrin Hisham Amirnordin ◽  
Salwani Ismail ◽  
Ronny Yii Shi Chin ◽  
Norani Mansor ◽  
Mas Fawzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Spray Characteristics ◽  
Injector Nozzle ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Steady Simulation ◽  
Two Fluid

An essential component of the injector nozzle geometry is to see the results spray atomization and mixture formation of the fuel-air combustion to improve performance, and reduce pollution from a burner. Studies involving the injectors in the combustion burner are still in a small proportion, particularly in the premix injector type. Thus, this study involves the efforts to determine the appropriate diameter of the premix injector where the injector spray characteristics is produced by using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Multiphase of the volume of fluid (VOF) cavitations flow in the nozzle is determined through steady simulation while Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid approach is used for performing mixing of Jatropha oil and air. Further simulation is conducted using a spray with a discrete phase injection at the outflow hole injector nozzle. The investigation involves the modification of nozzle geometry on three different sizes of 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm with the analysis focused on nozzle flow characteristics of the injector. The results indicate that a small changes in injector gives high impact to the spray and combustion of a burner. This shows the importance of nozzle dimensions which influences the nozzle flow and affects the spray characteristics, hence influence the combustion and emission of the burner system.

Numerical Simulation of Transient Flow Inside Nozzle on Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 466-467 ◽  
pp. 1237-1241
Author(s):  
Yan Hua Wang ◽  
Shi Chun Yang ◽  
Yun Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Turbulence Kinetic Energy ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Injection Hole ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection Engine ◽  
Nozzle Configuration

To achieve transient flow characteristics at exit of nozzle orifice on gasoline direct injection engine, two phase Euler-Euler schemes was used to simulate the internal flow of the swirl nozzle. Different flow characteristics were calculated in the simulation. Different kinds of nozzle configuration were studied. Cavitaion and swirl flow occured in the nozzles. Injection hole configuration matters more than area variation of swirl tangential slot to discharge coefficient of the studied nozzle. Discharge coefficient changes a little along the injection hole length. The area of the swirl tangrntial slot plays an important throttling action in nozzle internal flow. Smaller area of swirl tangential slot generates larger degree cavitation but smaller mean injection velocity. Turbulence kinetic energy changes with the time of cavitation and swirl field occurring and the nozzle configuration. Before the appearance of cavitation, smaller inclination angle of orifice can generate more turbulence kinetic energy. After that moment, turbulence kinetic energy varies with different configuration. Along injection hole length, turbulence kinetic energy obviously varies. These flow characteristics affect primary atomization and will be as input for next spray simulation. They are also applied to design reference for injection nozzle.

Design of a Large Diameter Steel Reinforced Plastic Pipe

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Jing Rao ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Taiqing Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
High Strength ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Plastic Pipe ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Steel Wire Mesh

A steel reinforced plastic pipe (PSP), which is composed of two layers of high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix and a high strength steel wire mesh skeleton, has wide applications in many industrial areas, such as gas and petroleum transportation, etc. In order to achieve higher efficency and lower costs, a large diameter PSP has been developed. However, requirements of the large diameter PSP in safety and economy are much higher, compared with those small diameter PSPs, and some potential problems should be taken into account. In this paper, relevant structural parameters of the large diameter PSP are determined, based on a previously proposed model, and a short-term burst test is carried out. The experiment results agree with the theoretical results quite well. Subsequently, the resistance of vertical pressure and uniform external pressure are evaluated by using experiment investigation and finite element method, respectively. And corresponding results indicate the large diameter PSP with determined structural parameters is qualified to use.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of internal and near-nozzle flow of a gasoline direct injection fuel injector

2015 ◽  
Vol 656 ◽  
pp. 012100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Saha ◽  
Sibendu Som ◽  
Michele Battistoni ◽  
Yanheng Li ◽  
Shaoping Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Fuel Injector

Prediction of spray collapse in multi-hole gasoline direct-injection fuel injectors

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampath K Rachakonda ◽  
Arman Paydarfar ◽  
David P Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Fuel Injectors ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Flash Boiling ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

A parametric study was conducted to predict the conditions leading to spray collapse in multi-hole gasoline direct-injection fuel injectors using computational fluid dynamics simulations. The computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed using an in-house multi-dimensional code that accounts for thermal non-equilibrium and entrainment of the non-condensable gas and coupled with primary atomization. The simulations were performed for a fixed injection pressure and fuel temperature on nine different six-hole injectors. The parameters were varied to include the effects of the ratio of the ambient pressure to the saturation pressure (Pa/Ps), the drill angle, and the diameters of the nozzle and the counter bore, respectively, on the spray. The findings indicate that spray collapse results from a combination of the nozzle geometry, the thermodynamic conditions of the fuel, and the ambient pressure. Spray collapse was observed in injectors with a narrow arrangement of the nozzle holes under extreme flash-boiling conditions with very low ambient pressures and in the case of non-flash-boiling conditions with very high ambient pressures.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Fuel Injector Nozzle Geometry - Influence on Liquid Fuel Contraction Coefficient and Reynolds Number

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45
Author(s):  
Lino Kocijel ◽  
Vedran Mrzljak ◽  
Maida Čohodar Husić ◽  
Ahmet Čekić
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Fuel Injector ◽  
Contraction Coefficient ◽  
Nozzle Length ◽  
Injector Nozzle

This paper investigates the influence of the fuel injector nozzle geometry on the liquid fuel contraction coefficient and Reynolds number. The main three fuel injector nozzle geometry parameters: nozzle diameter (d), nozzle length (l) and nozzle inlet radius (r) have a strong influence on the liquid fuel contraction coefficient and Reynolds number. The variation of the nozzle geometry variables at different liquid fuel pressures, temperatures and injection rates was analyzed. The liquid fuel contraction coefficient and Reynolds number increase with an increase in the nozzle diameter, regardless of the fuel injection rate. An increase in the r/d ratio causes an increase in the fuel contraction coefficient, but the increase is not significant after r/d = 0.1. A nozzle length increase causes a decrease in the fuel contraction coefficient. Increase in the nozzle length of 0.5 mm causes an approximately similar decrease in the contraction coefficient at any fuel pressure and any nozzle length. Fuel injectors should operate with minimal possible nozzle lengths in order to obtain higher fuel contraction coefficients.

scholarly journals VOF Simulation of The Cavitating Flow in High Pressure GDI Injectors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Giussani ◽  
Andrea Montorfano ◽  
Federico Piscaglia ◽  
A. Onorati ◽  
Jerome Helie
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Turbulence Modeling ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Cavitation Model ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Jet Breakup ◽  
High Scalability ◽  
Gdi Engines

The paper describes the development in the OpenFOAM® technology of a dynamic multiphase Volume-of-Fluid (VoF) solver, supporting mesh handling with topological changes, that has been used for the study of the physics of the primary jet breakup and of the flow disturbance induced by the nozzle geometry during the injector opening event in high-pressure Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines. Turbulence modeling based on a scale-resolving approach has been applied, while phase change of fuel is accounted by means of a cavitation model that has been coupled with the VOF solver. Simulations have been carried out on a 6-hole prototype injector, especially developed for investigations in the framework of the collaborative project FUI MAGIE and provided by Continental Automotive SAS. Special attention has been paid to the domain decomposition strategy and to the code development of the solver, to ensure good load balancing and to minimize inter-processor communication, to achieve good performanceand also high scalability on large computing clusters.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4989

Modeling the Dynamic Coupling of Internal Nozzle Flow and Spray Formation for Gasoline Direct Injection Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Saha ◽  
Priyesh Srivastava ◽  
Shaoping Quan ◽  
P. K. Senecal ◽  
Eric Pomraning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Nozzle Flow ◽  
Dynamic Coupling ◽  
Spray Formation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document