Statically Balancing a Reconfigurable Mechanism by Using One Passive Energy Element Only—A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Chin-Hsing Kuo ◽  
Vu Linh Nguyen ◽  
Daniel Robertson ◽  
Lin-Tien Chou ◽  
Just L. Herder
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Gravitational Effect ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Static Balancing ◽  
Software Simulation ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Mechanical Spring ◽  
Energy Element

Abstract This paper presents the static balancing design of a special reconfigurable linkage that can switch between two one-degree-of-freedom (DoF) working configurations. We will show that the studied dual-mode linkage only requires one mechanical spring or one counterweight for completely balancing its gravitational effect in theory at both modes. First, the theoretical models of the spring-based and the counterweight-based designs are derived. The proposed design concepts were then demonstrated by a numerical example and validated by software simulation. Experimental tests on both designs were also performed. The result of this study shows that a reconfigurable mechanism with N working configurations can be completely statically balanced by using less than N passive energy elements.

The analysis on the influence of mixed sliding-rolling motion mode to precision degradation of ball screw

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622098201
Author(s):  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
Baobao Qi ◽  
Hongyan Chu ◽  
Ziling Zhang ◽  
Zhifeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Rolling Motion ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Sliding Motion ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Motion Mode

The combination of sliding/rolling motion can influence the degree of precision degradation of ball screw. Precision degradation modeling and factors analysis can reveal the evolution law of ball screw precision. This paper presents a precision degradation model for factors analysis influencing precision due to mixed sliding-rolling motion. The precision loss model was verified through the comparison of theoretical models and experimental tests. The precision degradation due to rolling motion between the ball and raceway accounted for 29.09% of the screw precision loss due to sliding motion. Additionally, the total precision degradation due to rolling motion accounted for 21.03% of the total sliding precision loss of the screw and nut, and 17.38% of the overall ball screw precision loss under mixed sliding-rolling motion. In addition, the effects of operating conditions and structural parameters on precision loss were analyzed. The sensitivity coefficients of factors influencing were used to quantitatively describe impact degree on precision degradation.

scholarly journals Digital curation: the development of a discipline within information science

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1318-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Curation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Financial Ecology

Purpose Digital curation addresses the technical, administrative and financial ecology required to ensure that digital information remains accessible and usable over the long term. The purpose of this paper is to trace digital curation’s disciplinary emergence and examine its position within the information sciences domain in terms of theoretical principles, using a case study of developments in the UK and the USA. Design/methodology/approach Theoretical principles regarding disciplinary development and the identity of information science as a discipline are applied to a case study of the development of digital curation in the UK and the USA to identify the maturity of digital curation and its position in the information science gamut. Findings Digital curation is identified as a mature discipline which is a sub-meta-discipline of information science. As such digital curation has reach across all disciplines and sub-disciplines of information science and has the potential to become the overarching paradigm. Practical implications These findings could influence digital curation’s development from applied discipline to profession within both its educational and professional domains. Originality/value The disciplinary development of digital curation within dominant theoretical models has not hitherto been articulated.

scholarly journals Morphological taxonomy in the present-day generative framework: A case study of English and Czech nominalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ludmila Veselovská
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Distributed Morphology ◽  
Morphological Taxonomy ◽  
Parallel Data ◽  
Syntactic Derivation

Abstract This paper addresses the classification of morphemes in a generative framework. Referring to existing theoretical models of generative morphosyntax (e.g. Distributed Morphology), it demonstrates that a traditional long-standing taxonomic distinction reflects formal, i.e. structural (and derivational) distinctions. Using the well-known examples of the English multi-functional nominalizer -ing and some parallel data in Czech, the study reinterprets morphological taxonomy in terms of three levels, namely the (i) lexical, (ii) syntactic and (iii) post-syntactic insertion of grammatical formatives. It shows that the level of insertion in a syntactic derivation results in predictable (and attested) diagnostics for the multi-morpheme exponents.

scholarly journals The Ideology of Integration: An examination of the New Zealand and Ireland case studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Miran Milosevic
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
Study Case ◽  
National Membership

<p>The study of integration policy is of particular relevance in an increasingly globalised world, since integration policy was shown to be important to the maintenance of social cohesion of immigrant receiving host societies (Papillon 2002, p. iii, Schugurensky 2003, pp.11-12, Friessen 2003, pp.187-191). This thesis sought to examine the fit of two explanatory theoretical models in explaining integration policy outcomes in two case study states, Ireland and New Zealand, during the period 1995-2006. More specifically, the thesis tried to determine whether the influence of the model of national membership adopted in each study case (civic membership in the New Zealand case and ethno cultural membership in the case of the Republic of Ireland) was able to anticipate the correct outcomes with regard to integration policies adopted during the study period, or whether political party positioning on socio economic lines was more important in anticipating integration policy outcomes. This assessment was conduct in light of apparent ‘fit’ of the respective theoretical models in each study case to integration policies enacted during the study period, in order to determine whether the theories that seem to fit the best anticipate the correct outcomes in each study case.  This was a salient question in light of the dichotomy in integration policy approaches in the two study states. Notwithstanding that both New Zealand and Ireland were immigrant receiving states during the study period, there was a marked difference between New Zealand’s approach to integration policy formulation and that of Ireland. New Zealand’s approach to integration policy was well structured and became more developed, while Ireland did not have a cohesive integration policy during the study period, relying instead on a reactionary approach composed of a collection of policy statements and ‘ad hoc’, reactionary policies.  As noted briefly above, the two theoretical models that were assessed for fit against outcomes in integration policies in the study states were the Brubaker theory of membership and the theory of political party positioning along the socio-economic left/right axis. The Brubaker theory suggests that integration policies are the outcome of national membership models (i.e. a civic or ethno cultural conception of national belonging), whilst the theory of party positioning along socio-economic lines suggests that integration policies are based on the influence of socio economic political party ideology. An investigation was made of the fit of the Brubaker membership models against that of the socio economic political ideology models in predicting integration policy outcomes in each respective case study. In addition, an examination of the interaction between the two explanatory theories was conducted, and an assessment made of whether this interaction had an impact on integration policy formulation. In exploring the interaction between two competing explanations for integration policy outcomes, this thesis aimed to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding for the reasons of the divergence in the approach to integration policy in the two case study states, and also a better understanding of the factors impacting on integration policy in general.</p>

scholarly journals The Ideology of Integration: An examination of the New Zealand and Ireland case studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Miran Milosevic
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
Study Case ◽  
National Membership

<p>The study of integration policy is of particular relevance in an increasingly globalised world, since integration policy was shown to be important to the maintenance of social cohesion of immigrant receiving host societies (Papillon 2002, p. iii, Schugurensky 2003, pp.11-12, Friessen 2003, pp.187-191). This thesis sought to examine the fit of two explanatory theoretical models in explaining integration policy outcomes in two case study states, Ireland and New Zealand, during the period 1995-2006. More specifically, the thesis tried to determine whether the influence of the model of national membership adopted in each study case (civic membership in the New Zealand case and ethno cultural membership in the case of the Republic of Ireland) was able to anticipate the correct outcomes with regard to integration policies adopted during the study period, or whether political party positioning on socio economic lines was more important in anticipating integration policy outcomes. This assessment was conduct in light of apparent ‘fit’ of the respective theoretical models in each study case to integration policies enacted during the study period, in order to determine whether the theories that seem to fit the best anticipate the correct outcomes in each study case.  This was a salient question in light of the dichotomy in integration policy approaches in the two study states. Notwithstanding that both New Zealand and Ireland were immigrant receiving states during the study period, there was a marked difference between New Zealand’s approach to integration policy formulation and that of Ireland. New Zealand’s approach to integration policy was well structured and became more developed, while Ireland did not have a cohesive integration policy during the study period, relying instead on a reactionary approach composed of a collection of policy statements and ‘ad hoc’, reactionary policies.  As noted briefly above, the two theoretical models that were assessed for fit against outcomes in integration policies in the study states were the Brubaker theory of membership and the theory of political party positioning along the socio-economic left/right axis. The Brubaker theory suggests that integration policies are the outcome of national membership models (i.e. a civic or ethno cultural conception of national belonging), whilst the theory of party positioning along socio-economic lines suggests that integration policies are based on the influence of socio economic political party ideology. An investigation was made of the fit of the Brubaker membership models against that of the socio economic political ideology models in predicting integration policy outcomes in each respective case study. In addition, an examination of the interaction between the two explanatory theories was conducted, and an assessment made of whether this interaction had an impact on integration policy formulation. In exploring the interaction between two competing explanations for integration policy outcomes, this thesis aimed to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding for the reasons of the divergence in the approach to integration policy in the two case study states, and also a better understanding of the factors impacting on integration policy in general.</p>

scholarly journals Digital Design Ecology to Generate a Speculative Virtual Environment Reimagining New Relativity Laws

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rogers ◽  
Marc Aurel Schnabel ◽  
Tane Moleta
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Built Form ◽  
High Level ◽  
Physical Laws

This paper presents the trilogy of virtual classifications, the speculative environment, the virtual inhabitant and the virtual built-form. These combine, generating a new realm of design within immersive architectural space, all to be designed relative to each other, this paper focuses on the speculative environment portion. This challenged computational design and representation through atmospheric filters, visible environment boundaries, materiality and audio experience. The speculative environment was generated manipulating the physical laws of the physical world, applied within the virtual space. The outcome provided a new spatial experience of architectural dynamics enhanced by detailed spatial qualities. Design concepts within this paper suggest at what immersive virtual reality can evolve into. Following an interconnective design methodology framework allowed a high level of complexity and richness to shine through the research case study throughout the process and final dissemination stages.

scholarly journals Digital Design Ecology to Generate a Speculative Virtual Environment Reimagining New Relativity Laws

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Rogers ◽  
Marc Aurel Schnabel ◽  
Tane Moleta
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Built Form ◽  
High Level ◽  
Physical Laws

This paper presents the trilogy of virtual classifications, the speculative environment, the virtual inhabitant and the virtual built-form. These combine, generating a new realm of design within immersive architectural space, all to be designed relative to each other, this paper focuses on the speculative environment portion. This challenged computational design and representation through atmospheric filters, visible environment boundaries, materiality and audio experience. The speculative environment was generated manipulating the physical laws of the physical world, applied within the virtual space. The outcome provided a new spatial experience of architectural dynamics enhanced by detailed spatial qualities. Design concepts within this paper suggest at what immersive virtual reality can evolve into. Following an interconnective design methodology framework allowed a high level of complexity and richness to shine through the research case study throughout the process and final dissemination stages.

A Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of the Bending Behavior of Unbonded Flexible Pipes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vargas-Londoño ◽  
José Renato M. de Sousa ◽  
Carlos Magluta ◽  
Ney Roitman
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Local Behavior ◽  
Flexible Pipes ◽  
Floating System ◽  
Bending Loads

Due to its compound cross-section, the prediction of the structural response of flexible pipes to loads such as their self-weight, internal and external pressure, movements imposed by the floating system and environmental loads such as currents, waves and wind is quite complex. All these loads generate stresses and strains in the cross section of the pipe that have to be properly evaluated in order to ensure integrity of the line. Research has been done on the local behavior of flexible pipes under combined axisymmetric loads as well as under bending loads. However, there is a lack of research combining both axisymmetric and bending loads, as also in the study of the strains in the tensile amour layers of the pipes, aspects which are important for the calibration of theoretical models to predict such behavior. Based on that, this study aims to evaluate the local behavior of flexible pipes under combinations of axisymmetric (tension, and internal pressure) and bending loads via a series of experimental tests in a 9.13″ I.D pipe. In the experimental tests, the behavior of the pipe was studied for three load combinations: i) bending combined with tension; ii) bending combined with internal pressure; and iii) bending combined with tension and internal pressure. Based on these tests, the authors obtained the strains in the tensile armor layer, axial elongation due to tension, axial reaction forces due to internal pressure, and deflection due to bending. These measurements were used to calibrate a theoretical model devoted to simulate the pipe’s response, getting accurate results for stiffness and stresses of the pipe in each scenario.

scholarly journals Mutual assessment during ritualized fighting in mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda)

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1871) ◽  
pp. 20172542 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Green ◽  
S. N. Patek
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Resource Holding Potential ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Mantis Shrimp ◽  
Behavioural Analysis ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Strong Inference

Safe and effective conflict resolution is critical for survival and reproduction. Theoretical models describe how animals resolve conflict by assessing their own and/or their opponent's ability (resource holding potential, RHP), yet experimental tests of these models are often inconclusive. Recent reviews have suggested this uncertainty could be alleviated by using multiple approaches to test assessment models. The mantis shrimp Neogonodactylus bredini presents visual displays and ritualistically exchanges high-force strikes during territorial contests. We tested how N. bredini contest dynamics were explained by any of three assessment models—pure self-assessment, cumulative assessment and mutual assessment—using correlations and a novel, network analysis-based sequential behavioural analysis. We staged dyadic contests over burrow access between competitors matched either randomly or based on body size. In both randomly and size-matched contests, the best metric of RHP was body mass. Burrow residency interacted with mass to predict outcome. Correlations between contest costs and RHP rejected pure self-assessment, but could not fully differentiate between cumulative and mutual assessment. The sequential behavioural analysis ruled out cumulative assessment and supported mutual assessment. Our results demonstrate how multiple analyses provide strong inference to tests of assessment models and illuminate how individual behaviours constitute an assessment strategy.

scholarly journals From atomistic interfaces to dendritic patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 376 (2113) ◽  
pp. 20170210 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Galenko ◽  
D. V. Alexandrov
Keyword(s):  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Boundary Integral ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Field Methods ◽  
Atomistic Modelling

Transport processes around phase interfaces, together with thermodynamic properties and kinetic phenomena, control the formation of dendritic patterns. Using the thermodynamic and kinetic data of phase interfaces obtained on the atomic scale, one can analyse the formation of a single dendrite and the growth of a dendritic ensemble. This is the result of recent progress in theoretical methods and computational algorithms calculated using powerful computer clusters. Great benefits can be attained from the development of micro-, meso- and macro-levels of analysis when investigating the dynamics of interfaces, interpreting experimental data and designing the macrostructure of samples. The review and research articles in this theme issue cover the spectrum of scales (from nano- to macro-length scales) in order to exhibit recently developing trends in the theoretical analysis and computational modelling of dendrite pattern formation. Atomistic modelling, the flow effect on interface dynamics, the transition from diffusion-limited to thermally controlled growth existing at a considerable driving force, two-phase (mushy) layer formation, the growth of eutectic dendrites, the formation of a secondary dendritic network due to coalescence, computational methods, including boundary integral and phase-field methods, and experimental tests for theoretical models—all these themes are highlighted in the present issue. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From atomistic interfaces to dendritic patterns’.

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