Life Extending Advanced Component Repairs — Field Operating Experience

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd A. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Filler Metals ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Repair Techniques

Advanced repair technologies have been introduced to the gas turbine industry over recent years. An increasing selection of coating systems is available which can be tailored to the specific operating environment. Automated welding systems and the use of custom weld filler metals for enhanced component life provide a means of reliably welding the new generation of high strength turbine blade alloys. Powder metallurgy processes have been introduced as an alternative to welding and have been used to upgrade certain components by employing higher strength repair materials than the original castings. In the paper, these and other technologies are assessed based on engine operating experience with direct comparison to the conventional repair techniques which they have replaced.

scholarly journals Programs to Evaluate Gas Turbine Maintenance and Operating Techniques

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. La Stella
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Load Frequency Control ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Maintenance Problem ◽  
Repair Techniques

During the early 1970’s, many utilities installed large numbers of gas turbines. At that time, the gas turbine industry was still in comparative infancy, with very little utility operating experience. Consequently, initial operating problems were both unpredictable and monumental. Consolidated Edison Co. installed 44 aircraft derivative and 61 heavy industrial gas turbines totaling 2800 MW of capacity during this period. It is not surprising then, that our Company has experienced almost every type of operating and maintenance problem associated with the use of gas turbines to produce electric generation. Also, since gas turbines are such a significant part of our total generating capacity (approximately 25 percent), we have had a special interest in exploring the capability of these machines to improve the overall operation of our system, beyond present utility practice. The purpose of this paper is to: (a) present our observations and conclusions regarding what we consider to be the industry’s most significant maintenance problem — turbine sulfidation, (b) outline the progress made in the repair techniques of sulfidated blades, and (c) illustrate two unique applications of gas turbines to improve system operation — load frequency control and synchronous reactor operation.

The Optimized Mechanical Transmission for the Gas Turbine Highway Truck

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Schall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Selection Of

The horsepower size of the engines that are being used by the highway hauler trucking industry has been steadily increasing. The most obvious advantage for using a gas turbine engine for this application is the significant savings in weight and size over other types of prime movers. The mechanical transmission, for use in the heavy duty highway hauler tractor application, has been the standard of the industry because of its advantages in reliability, cost, efficiency, weight, size, and ease of maintenance. This paper describes some of the developments and improvements which have been made to the mechanical transmission that practically eliminates all the skills and effort required to operate the new generation of gas turbine highway hauler tractors. The purpose of this paper is to present some of the approaches which have been taken to optimize the mechanical transmission for the heavy duty gas turbine tractor application by proper selection of gear ratios to improve vehicle performance, and by the utilization of newly developed controls and drivetrain components that produces a more versatile mechanical transmission.

scholarly journals Selection of the Most Advantageous Gas Turbine Air Filtration System: Comparative Study of Actual Operating Experience

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed I. Gilani ◽  
Musadaq Z. Mehr
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Actual Operating ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Clean System ◽  
Gas Turbine Compressor ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Pulse Jet

This paper discusses relative merits of three types of air filtration systems used by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Ltd. (Pakistan), on its gas turbine compressor packages. These Filtration systems are: (i) Two stage inertial plus auto oil bath type multi-duty filters by AAF used on Saturn Mark–I packages manufactured by Solar Turbines Inc. (ii) Three stage high efficiency barrier filters by AAF used on Centaur packages by Solar. (iii) Single stage pulse-jet self-cleaning filter by Donaldson again used on a Centaur package. The selection is primarily based on package performance data collected over a 15 month period analyzing power loss due to fouling effects and related operation and maintenance costs for the three systems. The Company’s operating experience indicates that on new installations the pulse clean system offers the best advantage both in terms of filtration costs as well as availability of additional horse power when operating under moderate to severe environmental conditions.

Advancements in Gas Turbine Vane Repair

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie McGraw ◽  
George Van Deventer ◽  
Reiner Anton ◽  
Andrew Burns
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Turbine Component ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
The Many ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Repair Techniques

The evolution of industrial gas turbines has been a driving factor in the advancement of repair techniques for industrial gas turbine components. Turbine vane segments (also known as stationary blades, non-rotational airfoils, or nozzles) are among the many components that have been a focus for repair development. Due to increasing engine efficiencies, the design of gas turbine vane segments continues to become progressively more complex. Neoteric vanes are cast of highly developed superalloys, have complex cooling designs, and are coated with the latest generation coating systems which utilize advanced oxidation resistant bondcoatings combined with thermal barrier coatings. While advanced technologies enable these vanes to operate at the extreme hot gas path running temperatures of today’s engines, they also significantly increase the level of technology required to successfully repair them. The ability to repair these components is essential to minimize the operators’ life cycle cost of the gas turbine. Recoating, reestablishing of critical cooling, dimensional restoration, along with surface and structural restoration using high strength weld and braze techniques are essential for these vanes. Conventional and advanced repair techniques are key elements in the continuing evolution of industrial gas turbine component repair development. This paper will focus on a variety of Siemens’ technical competencies applied during the restoration of service run vane segments for the turbine section of a gas turbine. These repair competencies and technology/service options include: • Dimensional restoration techniques utilizing hot and cold straightening; • Utilization of refurbished blade rings for completed roll-in/roll-out exchanges; • Coupon repair techniques; • Braze restoration of cracks; • Laser etching; • Strain tolerant coatings; • Future technologies under development.

Bifluoride Ion Mediated SuFEx Trifluoromethylation of Sulfonyl Fluorides and Iminosulfur Oxydifluorides

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Smedley ◽  
Bing Gao ◽  
Suhua Li ◽  
Qinheng Zheng ◽  
Andrew Molino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Catalytic Mechanism ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Chromatographic Purification ◽  
Rapid Exchange ◽  
Nucleophilic Displacement ◽  
Sulfur Fluoride ◽  
Reactions With Nucleophiles ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Selection Of

Sulfur-Fluoride Exchange (SuFEx) is the new generation click chemistry transformation exploiting the unique properties of S-F bonds and their ability to undergo near-perfect reactions with nucleophiles. We report here the first SuFEx based protocol for the efficient synthesis of pharmaceutically important triflones and bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfur oxyimines from the corresponding sulfonyl fluorides and iminosulfur oxydifluorides, respectively. The new protocol involves the rapid exchange of the S-F bond with trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (TMSCF<sub>3</sub>) upon activation with potassium bifluoride in anhydrous DMSO. The reaction tolerates a wide selection of substrates and proceeds under mild conditions without need for chromatographic purification. A tentative catalytic mechanism is proposed supported by DFT calculations, involving formation of the free trifluoromethyl anion followed by nucleophilic displacement of the S-F through a five-coordinate intermediate. The preparation of a benzothiazole derived bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfur oxyimine with cytotoxic selectivity for MCF7 breast cancer cells demonstrates the utility of this methodology for the late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules.<br>

Welding of Aluminium-Selection of Filler Metals

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
S. K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Filler Metals ◽  
Selection Of

Development Of High-Strength Aluminum-Based Alloys By Synthesis Of New Multicomponent Quasicrystals

1998 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Inoue ◽  
H. M. Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Rapid Solidification ◽  
Future Development ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Supercooled Liquid ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Atomic Configuration ◽  
Lanthanide Metal ◽  
Bulk Alloys

AbstractBy the control of composition, clustered atomic configuration and stability of the supercooled liquid in the rapid solidification and powder metallurgy processes, high-strength Al-based bulk alloys containing nanoscale nonperiodic phases were produced in AI-Ln-LTM, AI-ETM-LTM and Al-(V, Cr, Mn)-LTM (Ln=lanthanide metal, LTM=VII and VIII group metals, ETM=IV to VI group metals) alloys containing high Al contents of 92 to 95 at%. The nonperiodic phases are composed of amorphous or icosahedral (I) phase. In particular, the Al-based bulk alloys consisting of nanoscale I particles surrounded by Al phase exhibit much better mechanical properties as compared with commercial Al base alloys. The success of producing the Al-based alloys with good engineering properties by use of I phase is important for future development of I-based alloys as practical materials.

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