scholarly journals Selection of the Most Advantageous Gas Turbine Air Filtration System: Comparative Study of Actual Operating Experience

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed I. Gilani ◽  
Musadaq Z. Mehr
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Actual Operating ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Clean System ◽  
Gas Turbine Compressor ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Pulse Jet

This paper discusses relative merits of three types of air filtration systems used by Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Ltd. (Pakistan), on its gas turbine compressor packages. These Filtration systems are: (i) Two stage inertial plus auto oil bath type multi-duty filters by AAF used on Saturn Mark–I packages manufactured by Solar Turbines Inc. (ii) Three stage high efficiency barrier filters by AAF used on Centaur packages by Solar. (iii) Single stage pulse-jet self-cleaning filter by Donaldson again used on a Centaur package. The selection is primarily based on package performance data collected over a 15 month period analyzing power loss due to fouling effects and related operation and maintenance costs for the three systems. The Company’s operating experience indicates that on new installations the pulse clean system offers the best advantage both in terms of filtration costs as well as availability of additional horse power when operating under moderate to severe environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Compressor Operating Environment and Material Evaluation

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Haskell
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
Material Evaluation ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Site ◽  
Gas Turbine Compressor ◽  
Selection Of

The reliability and performance of a gas turbine compressor is strongly dependent upon the environment in which it operates, the materials which are used, and the filtration system. Erosion and to a certain extent fouling can be controlled by the filtration system, but corrosion is largely controlled through site and material selection. The factors which determine the corrosivity of a site are humidity, the concentration of acid-forming gases, and the composition of particulates. The interrelationships of these factors are discussed with an aim of reducing their impact on compressor operation. A necessary condition for corrosion is the presence of moisture. The acidity of the moisture results from its interaction with the gases and particulates of the environment. The details of these interactions which are important to turbine operators are discussed. A considerable amount of corrosion testing of base materials and coatings has been performed and this is reviewed. A table is presented for selection of compressor materials based on the nature of the site environment and the type of compressor filtration.

scholarly journals Technology Review of Modern Gas Turbine Inlet Filtration Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Wilcox ◽  
Rainer Kurz ◽  
Klaus Brun
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of

An inlet air filtration system is essential for the successful operation of a gas turbine. The filtration system protects the gas turbine from harmful debris in the ambient air, which can lead to issues such as FOD, erosion, fouling, and corrosion. These issues if not addressed will result in a shorter operational life and reduced performance of the gas turbine. Modern day filtration systems are comprised of multiple filtration stages. Each stage is selected based on the local operating environment and the performance goals for the gas turbine. Selection of these systems can be a challenging task. This paper provides a review of the considerations for selecting an inlet filtration system by covering (1) the characteristics of filters and filter systems, (2) a review of the many types of filters, (3) a detailed look at the different environments where the gas turbine can operate, (4) a process for evaluating the site where the gas turbine will be or is installed, and (5) a method to compare various filter system options with life cycle cost analysis.

2-Stage Air Filtration for Gas Turbine Naval Applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca de Arcangelis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Compressor Blades ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract Traditional air filtration systems for Gas Turbine Naval applications consist of 3 stages: 1st vane separator + pocket filter + 2nd vane separator. The 2nd vane separator is required to drain out droplets formed by the traditional pocket filter during its coalescing function. Further to technological advancements in the water repellency of filter media, as well as leak-free techniques, it is now possible to implement a pocket filter that avoids leaching water droplets downstream. This enables the elimination of the 3rd stage vane separator in the air filtration system. The result is a suitable 2-stage air filtration system. The elimination of the 3rd stage vane separator provides the obvious following advantages: • Reduced pressure drop • Reduced weight • Reduced foot-print • Reduced cost Latest technological advancements in water repellency and high efficiency melt-blown media also allow the attainment of higher performance such as: • Increased efficiency against water droplet and salt in wet state • Increased efficiency against dry salt and dust This results in higher cleanliness of the Gas Turbines with benefits in terms of compressor fouling, compressor blades corrosion and turbine blades hot erosion. Higher performance also results in simplified maintenance as technicians need only focus on the replacement of the elements as opposed to the cleaning and overhauling of the intake duct. The paper goes through the engineering challenges of evolving from a 3-stage to 2-stage filtration system. The paper provides data from testing at independent laboratories with results that back the claims. Furthermore, reference is made to Offshore Oil & Gas installations and testing that have proven successful with independently measured data.

Development and Operating Experience of Automatic Pulse-Jet Self-Cleaning Air Filters for Combustion Gas Turbines

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Neaman ◽  
A. W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Pulse Jet

This paper discusses the development and operating experience of an automatic self-cleaning filter system designed to provide continuous high efficiency air filtration in a desert environment. The need for adequate inlet air treatment for combustion gas turbines has long been recognized. The degree of protection necessary and the ambient conditions under which this has to be achieved vary widely. Of particular interest is the requirement for high efficiency air filtration in the desert regions of the Arabian Peninsula. In the past, conventional gas turbine air filtration systems have proved inadequate to meet this particular need, mainly due to the high ambient dust concentrations experienced.

A Compact, High Efficiency, Self-Cleaning Air Filtration System for a Vehicular Gas Turbine Engine

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Murphy ◽  
Harry Camplin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Rotating Drum ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Tenfold Increase ◽  
Package Size ◽  
Self Cleaning

This paper describes the design and development of a innovative filtration system for a vehicular gas turbine engine that contains a high efficiency self-cleaning element and is integrated with the propulsion system for a tenfold increase in filter service interval, a 1/3 reduction in overall pressure loss and a 40 percent reduction in package size. The system consists of self-cleaning, rotating drum barrier filter surrounded by curved vortex tube precleaner panels and mounted directly to the engine inlet. A water tight external housing is provided to give the system the necessary deep water fording capability. The conceptual design is described as well as the detailed design of both precleaner element and the self-cleaning barrier filter. The full size prototype fabrication and testing is described to demonstrate operational integrity and cleanability.

scholarly journals A New Air Filtration System Concept for Space Limited Applications and Retrofits

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Cuvelier ◽  
M. D. Belcher
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Self Cleaning ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Pulse Jet

The need for adequate inlet air treatment for combustion gasturbines has been recognized for years. The benefit of high efficiency air filtration, mainly in high ambient dust environments does not require any further discussion as the shortfalls of the multi-stage static systems are known. The size of the conventional automatic pulse jet self cleaning airfilters is a serious handicap when considering upgrading/retrofitting outdated static filter systems or for any application in very limited spaces. The new filter concept is described. It is an automatic Pulse Jet high efficiency self cleaning filter in which the major limiting factor of the previous design has been turned into an upgrading feature; the incoming air velocity direction basically eliminates the well-known pulsed dust re-entrainment. Other key design characteristics allow for capitalizing upon the reduced foot print area and justify the technical and economical replacement of the out-of-date filters with no or minor changes to the support structure. The system can in certain cases be incorporated within the old filterhouse itself. Additional interesting features are discussed, supported by laboratory test results and field data from units operating in various environmental conditions.

Evolution of Gas Turbine Intake Air Filtration in a 420 MW Cogeneration Plant

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Ingistov ◽  
Michael Milos ◽  
Rakesh K. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Air Filter ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Operational Data

A suitable inlet air filter system is required for a gas turbine, depending on installation site and its environmental conditions, to minimize contaminants entering the compressor section in order to maintain gas turbine performance. This paper describes evolution of inlet air filter systems utilized at the 420 MW Watson Cogeneration Plant consisting of four GE 7EA gas turbines since commissioning of the plant in November 1987. Changes to the inlet air filtration system became necessary due to system limitations, a desire to reduce operational and maintenance costs, and enhance overall plant performance. Based on approximately 2 years of operational data with the latest filtration system combined with other operational experiences of more than 25 years, it is shown that implementation of the high efficiency particulate air filter system provides reduced number of crank washes, gas turbine performance improvement and significant economic benefits compared to the traditional synthetic media type filters. Reasons for improved gas turbine performance and associated economic benefits, observed via actual operational data, with use of the latest filter system are discussed in this paper.

Externally-Fired Combined Cycle Repowering of Existing Steam Plants

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian L. Vandervort ◽  
Mohammed R. Bary ◽  
Larry E. Stoddard ◽  
Steven T. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Generating Capacity

The Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) is an attractive emerging technology for powering high efficiency combined gas and steam turbine cycles with coal or other ash bearing fuels. The key near-term market for the EFCC is likely to be repowering of existing coal fueled power generation units. Repowering with an EFCC system offers utilities the ability to improve efficiency of existing plants by 25 to 60 percent, while doubling generating capacity. Repowering can be accomplished at a capital cost half that of a new facility of similar capacity. Furthermore, the EFCC concept does not require complex chemical processes, and is therefore very compatible with existing utility operating experience. In the EFCC, the heat input to the gas turbine is supplied indirectly through a ceramic heat exchanger. The heat exchanger, coupled with an atmospheric coal combustor and auxiliary components, replaces the conventional gas turbine combustor. Addition of a steam bottoming plant and exhaust cleanup system completes the combined cycle. A conceptual design has been developed for EFCC repowering of an existing reference plant which operates with a 48 MW steam turbine at a net plant efficiency of 25 percent. The repowered plant design uses a General Electric LM6000 gas turbine package in the EFCC power island. Topping the existing steam plant with the coal fueled EFCC improves efficiency to nearly 40 percent. The capital cost of this upgrade is 1,090/kW. When combined with the high efficiency, the low cost of coal, and low operation and maintenance costs, the resulting cost of electricity is competitive for base load generation.

Gas Turbine Fouling Offshore: Correction Methodology Compressor Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Madsen ◽  
Lars E. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Air Filtration ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Compressor Efficiency

Gas turbine performance has been analyzed for a fleet of GE LM2500 engines at two Statoil offshore fields in the North Sea. Both generator drive engines and compressor driver engines have been analyzed, covering both the LM2500 base and plus configurations, as well as the SAC and DLE combustor configurations. Several of the compressor drive engines are running at peak load (T5.4 control), and the production rate is thus limited to the available power from these engines. The majority of the engines discussed run continuously without redundancy, implying that gas turbine uptime is critical for the field’s production and economy. Previous studies and operational experience have emphasized that the two key factors to minimize compressor fouling are the optimum designs of the inlet air filtration system and the water wash system. An optimized inlet air filtration system, in combination with daily online water wash (at high water-to-air ratio), are the key factors to achieve successful operation at longer intervals between offline washes and higher average engine performance. Operational experience has documented that the main gas turbine recoverable deterioration is linked to the compressor section. The main performance parameter when monitoring compressor fouling is the gas turbine compressor efficiency. Previous studies have indicated that inlet depression (air mass flow at compressor inlet) is a better parameter when monitoring compressor fouling, whereas instrumentation for inlet depression is very seldom implemented on offshore gas turbine applications. The main challenge when analyzing compressor efficiency (uncorrected) is the large variation in efficiency during the periods between offline washes, mainly due to operation at various engine loads and ambient conditions. Understanding the gas turbine performance deterioration is of vital importance. Trending of the deviation from the engine baseline facilitates load-independent monitoring of the gas turbine’s condition. Instrument resolution and repeatability are key factors for attaining reliable results in the performance analysis. A correction methodology for compressor efficiency has been developed, which improves the long term trend data for effective diagnostics of compressor degradation. Avenues for further research and development are proposed in order to further increase the understanding of the deterioration mechanisms, as well as gas turbine performance and response.

Life Extending Advanced Component Repairs — Field Operating Experience

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd A. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Filler Metals ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Repair Techniques

Advanced repair technologies have been introduced to the gas turbine industry over recent years. An increasing selection of coating systems is available which can be tailored to the specific operating environment. Automated welding systems and the use of custom weld filler metals for enhanced component life provide a means of reliably welding the new generation of high strength turbine blade alloys. Powder metallurgy processes have been introduced as an alternative to welding and have been used to upgrade certain components by employing higher strength repair materials than the original castings. In the paper, these and other technologies are assessed based on engine operating experience with direct comparison to the conventional repair techniques which they have replaced.

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