The Effect of Operating Conditions on the Aerodynamic Performance of an Integrated OGV and S-Shaped Duct

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Britchford ◽  
J. F. Carrotte ◽  
J. H. Kim ◽  
P. M. Hield
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Design ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wall Boundary Layer ◽  
And Performance

This paper is concerned with the design and performance of an annular S-shaped duct that would be used to connect an LP fan to the core within a gas turbine engine. The desire to minimise engine length means the duct is of relatively short length so that, without novel design, flow separation is likely to occur. Hence the upstream OGV row has been leant tangentially so that it assists in turning the flow within the first bend of the S-shaped duct. In such an ‘integrated’ design, a component of the lift force generated by the OGV row turns the flow radially inward. In this way, the aerodynamic loading on the critical inner wall boundary layer, within the downstream S-shaped duct, is reduced. In addition, by incorporating the blade row within the duct, rather than upstream of it, a further length reduction can also be achieved. The paper outlines the OGV design methodology and presents experimental results that define the aerodynamic performance of the integrated system. The overall system loss is determined mainly by the OGV row, and the subsequent mixing out of the blade wakes prior to the inlet of the core duct. In addition, for the range of conditions tested, the stagnation pressure profile at core duct exit reflects that portion of the OGV exit profile that is captured by the core duct.

scholarly journals An Innovative Design of an Integrated MED-TVC and Reverse Osmosis System for Seawater Desalination: Process Explanation and Performance Evaluation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Omer Mohamed Abubaker Al-hotmani ◽  
Mudhar Abdul Alwahab Al-Obaidi ◽  
Yakubu Mandafiya John ◽  
Raj Patel ◽  
Iqbal Mohammed Mujtaba
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
High Performance Systems ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Vapour Compression

In recent times two or more desalination processes have been combined to form integrated systems that have been widely used to resolve the limitations of individual processes as well as producing high performance systems. In this regard, a simple integrated system of the Multi Effect Distillation (MED)/Thermal Vapour Compression (TVC) and Permeate Reprocessing Reverse Osmosis (PRRO) process was developed by the same authors and confirmed its validity after a comparison study against other developed configurations. However, this design has a considerable amount of retentate flowrate and low productivity. To resolve this issue, two novel designs of MED and double reverse osmosis (RO) processes including Permeate and Retentate Reprocessing designs (PRRP and RRRO) are developed and modelled in this paper. To systematically assess the consistency of the presented designs, the performance indicators of the novel designs are compared against previous simple designs of MED and PRRO processes at a specified set of operating conditions. Results show the superiority of the integrated MED and double permeate reprocessing design. This has specifically achieved both economic and environmental advantages where total productivity is increased by around 9% and total retentate flowrate (disposed to water bodies) is reduced by 5% with a marginally reduced energy consumption.

Analysis and Assessment of Tower Solar Collector Driven Trigeneration System

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Mathkar A. Alharthi ◽  
Saeed Alqaed ◽  
Esmail M. A. Mokheimer ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Lithium Bromide ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
And Performance

Abstract This paper describes the development and performance assessment of a tower solar collector driven integrated system operating in trigeneration mode to generate electricity, heating, and cooling, in a carbon-free manner. The proposed system applies a heliostat-based central receiver unit as a base of solar energy input to drive the steam Rankine cycle which is combined with the process heater and the lithium bromide-water operated absorption chiller. An analysis is performed to monitor the behavior of energy and exergy efficiency at various operating conditions of the proposed trigeneration system. The computed results are authenticated with the reported literature. A comparison is made between the present findings and reported results in the form of exergy efficiency, total exergy destroyed, and energy efficiency. Consideration of process heat and cold along with electricity provides a promising increase in energy efficiency from 15.8% to 64.1% while the exergy efficiency is enhanced from 16.9% to 24.4%. Variation in direct normal irradiations from 600 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 results in the significant rise of energetic and exergetic outcomes of the proposed trigeneration system. Out of 100% solar exergy supplied to the proposed trigeneration, 24% is generated as the exergetic output, 1.6% is lost to ambient, and the remaining 74.4% is the exergy destroyed in the system components.

Fully Integrated Fluid-structural Analysis for the Design and Performance Optimization of Fiber Reinforced Sails

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Malpede ◽  
Donald MacVicar ◽  
Francesco Nasato ◽  
Paolo Semeraro
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Design System ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
And Performance

This paper presents an advanced and accurate integrated system for the design and performance optimization of fiber reinforced sails -commonly named string sails- developed by SMAR Azure Ltd. This integrated design system allows sail designers not only to design sail-shapes and the reinforcing fiber paths, but also to validate the performance of the flying sail-shape and have accurate production details including the overall sail weight, material used, which means costs, and length of the fiber paths, which means production time. The SMAR Azure design and analysis method includes a validated and computationally efficient structural analysis method coupled with a modified vortex lattice method, with wake relaxation, to enable a proper aero-elastic simulation of sails in upwind conditions. The structural analysis method takes into account the geometric non-linearity and wrinkling behavior of membrane structures –such as sails-, the fiber layout, the influence of battens, trimming loads and interaction with rigging elements, e.g. luff sag calculation on a headstay, in a timely manner. This method has been extensively validated and used to optimize several racing and super-yachts sailing plans. Specifically, this paper presents a validated optimization of a real fiber reinforce membrane sail plan of 140’, 240 ton aluminium Super Yacht, carried out in collaboration with Paolo Semeraro (from Banks Sails Europe), who designs and produces the MEMBRANE™ and BFAST™ string sails, the latter with Marco Semeraro. Both BFAST and Bank Sails have been using the SMAR Azure technology for almost a decade and notwithstanding the long experience of Mr. Semeraro in using the technology, given the sailplan-size and detailed customer requirements, among which improved durability, strength and reliability and smooth use of in-boom furling, this project was carried out incooperation with the SMAR Azure technical team. A total of 1000 sqm of upwind sailing area was analyzed and optimized. A combination of Dyneema TM Sk 90 and black Twaron 2200 was chosen for the fibers and a triple step lamination under hi-pressure plus laminated patches utilizing the same fibers where added to prevent local deformation of the corners. A long term vacuumed post-curing period sealed the production phases. The final sail plan is -as anticipated by the analysis results- holds the desired shape and is stronger. The final fiber layout shows a reduction in maximum stress by 22% compared to the initial design; this was achieved with only 11% (4kg) gain in fiber weight.

scholarly journals Off-Design Flow Analysis and Performance Prediction of Axial Turbines

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan V. Petrovic ◽  
Walter Riess
Keyword(s):  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Reversal ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Axial Turbines

Through-flow methods for calculations in axial flow turbines are limited by two facts: they cannot handle local flow reversal, and loss prediction at off-design operating conditions is not sufficiently accurate. An attempt to overcome these limitations is presented in this paper. The developed calculation method is based on the through-flow theory and the finite element solution procedure, but it also includes extensions and improvements. Consequently, the method may be used to predict the flow field and the turbine performance at the design load as well as for wide range of part loads. The code is able to calculate flow in axial turbines at subsonic and transonic conditions. The reliability of the method is verified by calculations for several gas and steam turbines. Results of flow calculation and performance prediction of 4-stage experimental air turbine and LP steam turbine are also presented herein. Low load operation with flow reversal in the hub region behind the last rotor blade row and loads, at which part of blading operates with power consumption, are especially analyzed. All numerical results are compared to the results of extensive experimental investigations. The correspondence, even for low loads, is very good.

MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING TRACTOR-SPEED PROPERTIES OF THE VEHICLE: CHARACTERISTICS’ ANALYSIS IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-289
Author(s):  
N. V. Savenkov ◽  
V. V. Ponyakin ◽  
S. A. Chekulaev ◽  
V. V. Butenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Loading Devices ◽  
Structural Solutions

Introduction. At present, stands with running drums are widely used for various types of tests. Power stands play a special role. Such stands take the mechanical power from the driving wheels of the car. This simulates the process of movement of the vehicle under operating conditions. Such equipment has various designs, principles of operation and performance. It is also used in tests that are different by purpose, development stages and types: research, control, certification, etc. Therefore, it is necessary in order to determine the traction-speed, fuel-efficient and environmental performance characteristics.Materials and methods. The paper provides the overview of the power stands with running drums, which are widespread on the domestic market. The authors carried out the analysis of the main structural solutions: schemes of force transfer between the wheel and the drum; types of loading devices; transmission layout schemes and features of the control and measuring complex. The authors also considered corresponding advantages and disadvantages, recommended spheres of application, demonstrated parameters and characteristics of the units’ workflow, presented components and equipment.Discussion and conclusions. The authors critically evaluate existing models of stands with running drums. Such information is useful for choosing serial models of stands and for developing technical tasks for designing or upgrading the equipment.

Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

2014 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Petit
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Belt Press ◽  
Vacuum Belt ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mud Filtration ◽  
The Impact

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

scholarly journals Core Stress Analysis of Amorphous Alloy Transformer for Rail Transit under Different Working Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Jianwei Shao ◽  
Cuidong Xu ◽  
Ka Wai Eric Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Iron Core ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Distribution Transformers

The rail transit system is a large electric vehicle system that is strongly dependent on the energy technologies of the power system. The use of new energy-saving amorphous alloy transformers can not only reduce the loss of rail transit power, but also help alleviate the power shortage situation and electromagnetic emissions. The application of the transformer in the field of rail transit is limited by the problem that amorphous alloy is prone to debris. this paper studied the stress conditions of amorphous alloy transformer cores under different working conditions and determined that the location where the core is prone to fragmentation, which is the key problem of smoothly integrating amorphous alloy distribution transformers on rail transit power supply systems. In this study, we investigate the changes in the electromagnetic field and stress of the amorphous alloy transformer core under different operating conditions. The finite element model of an amorphous alloy transformer is established and verified. The simulation results of the magnetic field and stress of the core under different working conditions are given. The no-load current and no-load loss are simulated and compared with the actual experimental data to verify practicability of amorphous alloy transformers. The biggest influence on the iron core is the overload state and the maximum value is higher than the core stress during short circuit. The core strain caused by the side-phase short circuit is larger than the middle-phase short circuit.

Remote Thermal Performance Monitoring and Diagnostics: Turning Data Into Knowledge

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomo Jiang ◽  
Craig Foster
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Maintenance Schedule ◽  
Effectiveness Monitoring ◽  
And Performance

Gas turbine simple or combined cycle plants are built and operated with higher availability, reliability, and performance in order to provide the customer with sufficient operating revenues and reduced fuel costs meanwhile enhancing customer dispatch competitiveness. A tremendous amount of operational data is usually collected from the everyday operation of a power plant. It has become an increasingly important but challenging issue about how to turn this data into knowledge and further solutions via developing advanced state-of-the-art analytics. This paper presents an integrated system and methodology to pursue this purpose by automating multi-level, multi-paradigm, multi-facet performance monitoring and anomaly detection for heavy duty gas turbines. The system provides an intelligent platform to drive site-specific performance improvements, mitigate outage risk, rationalize operational pattern, and enhance maintenance schedule and service offerings via taking appropriate proactive actions. In addition, the paper also presents the components in the system, including data sensing, hardware, and operational anomaly detection, expertise proactive act of company, site specific degradation assessment, and water wash effectiveness monitoring and analytics. As demonstrated in two examples, this remote performance monitoring aims to improve equipment efficiency by converting data into knowledge and solutions in order to drive value for customers including lowering operating fuel cost and increasing customer power sales and life cycle value.

Construction of MOFs-Shell Porous Materials and Performance Study in Selective Adsorption and Separation of Benzene Pollutants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Na Lv ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Hongji Li ◽  
Xiangxin Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Shell Structure ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Shell Structure ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Sacrificial Agent

Metastable Cu2O is an attractive material for the architecture design of integrated nanomaterials. In this context, Cu2O was used as the sacrificial agent to form the core-shell structure of Cu2O@HKUST-1...

Flow Coefficient Evaluation of Poppet Valves Used in Reciprocating Compressors for LDPE

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Giacomelli ◽  
Massimo Schiavone ◽  
Fabio Manfrone ◽  
Andrea Raggi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Coefficient ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Poppet Valves

Poppet valves have been used for a long time for very high pressure reciprocating compressors, as for example in the case of Low Density Polyethylene. These applications are very critical because the final pressure can reach 350 MPa and the evaluation of the performance of the machines is strongly connected to the proper operation and performance of the valve itself. The arrangement of cylinders requires generally a certain compactness of valve to withstand high fatigue stresses, but at the same time pressure drop and operating life are very important. In recent years the reliability of the machines has been improving over and over and the customers’ needs are very stringent. Therefore the use of poppet valves has been extended to other cases. In general the mentioned applications are heavy duty services and the simulation of the valves require some coefficients to be used in the differential equations, able to describe the movement of plate/disk or poppet and the flow and related pressure drop through the valves. Such coefficients are often determined in an experimental way in order to have a simulation closer to the real operating conditions. For the flow coefficients it is also possible today to use theoretical programs capable of determining the needed values in a quick and economical way. Some investigations have been carried out to determine the values for certain geometries of poppet valves. The results of the theory have been compared with some experimental tests. The good agreement between the various methods indicates the most suitable procedure to be applied in order to have reliable data. The advantage is evident as the time necessary for the theoretical procedure is faster and less expensive. This is of significant importance at the time of the design and also in case of a need to provide timely technical support for the operating behavior of the valves. Particularly for LDPE, the optimization of all the parameters is strongly necessary. The fatigue stresses of cylinder heads and valve bodies have to match in fact with gas passage turbulence and pressure drop, added to the mechanical behavior of the poppet valve components.

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