scholarly journals Humid Air Gas Turbine Cycle: A Possible Optimization

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Stecco ◽  
U. Desideri ◽  
N. Bettagli
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

The humid air turbine (HAT), patented by Fluor Daniel, is an innovative cycle which allows to obtain an increase in efficiency and power production. The modification proposed by DEF allows to optimise the plant when natural gas is injected in the combustion chamber. Assuming a TIT (Temperature Inlet Turbine) at 1273 K and the cooling of recirculating water in the refrigerators, we studied the effects of the relative humidity and the compression ratio on the cycle’s performances. The aim of this paper is to suggest the parameters which allow to obtain high efficiency with high specific power, the possibility to modulate power production without a decrease in efficiency and low water consumption.

scholarly journals A Parametric Study of CHAT Cycle Performance: Thermodynamic and Design Features

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Facchini ◽  
G. Ferrara ◽  
G. Masi
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Thermodynamic Limits

The CHAT (Cascade Humid Air Turbine) cycle introduction has recently been proposed for a more simple and profitable application of the humid air turbine. The very interesting performance announced for this plant has been evaluated in this paper, particular attention is devoted to the multi-stage evaporation process and its thermodynamic limits. A detailed thermodynamic analysis of the most important cycle parameters, like various pressure levels, fire temperatures and blade coolant bleeding can permit the evaluation of better plant performances. The results show a substantial agreement with other published data and they confirm the good efficiency and high specific power of the CHAT cycle. Considering the proposed compressor and turbine for the CHAT plant an off design simulation of the plant is also realized to estimate the real behaviour of turbomachinery components. Moreover this study is based on ESMS code already developed by the authors and the new components model (thermodynamic, design and off-design simulation) introduced for this work are presented.

System Optimization of Humid Air Turbine Cycle

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhan Xiao ◽  
Rumou Lin ◽  
Ruixian Cai
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Air Turbine

The humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, proposed by Mori et al. and recently developed by Rao et al. at Flour Daniel, has been identified as a promising way to generate electric power at high efficiency, low cost and simple system relative to combined cycle and steam injection gas turbine cycle. It has aroused considerable interest. Thermodynamic means, such as intercooling, regeneration, heat recovery at low temperature and especially non-isothermal vaporisation by multi-phase and multi-component, are adopted in HAT cycle to reduce the external and internal exergy losses relative to the energy conversion system. In addition to the parameter analysis and the technical aspect of HAT cycle, there is also a strong need for “systems” research to identify the best ways, of configuring HAT cycle to integrate all the thermodynamic advantages more efficiently to achieve high performance. The key units in HAT cycle are analyzed thermodynamically and modelled in this paper. The superstructure containing all potentially highly efficient flowsheeting alternatives is also proposed. The system optimization of the HAT cycle is thus represented by a nonlinear programming problem. The problem is solved automatically by a successive quadratic algorithm to select the optimal configuration and optimal design parameters for the HAT cycle. The results have shown that the configuration of the HAT cycle currently adopted is not optimal for efficiency and/or specific power, and the current pressure ratio are too high to be favorable for highest performance. Based on the current technical practice, the optimal flowsheeting for thermal efficiency can reach 60.33% when TIT=1533K, while the optimal flowsheeting for specific power can achieve 1300kW/kg/s air for TIT at 1533K. The optimal flowsheeting configuration is compared favorably with the other existing ones.

Design Study of a Humidification Tower for the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Shinya Marushima ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Compressor Work

The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system, which can be equipped with a heavy-duty, single-shaft gas turbine, aims at high efficiency equal to that of the HAT system. Instead of an intercooler, a WAC (water atomization cooling) system is used to reduce compressor work. The characteristics of a humidification tower (a saturator), which is used as a humidifier for the AHAT system, were studied. The required packing height and the exit water temperature from the humidification tower were analyzed for five virtual gas turbine systems with different capacities (1MW, 3.2MW, 10MW, 32MW and 100MW) and pressure ratios (π = 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24). Thermal efficiency of the system was compared with that of a simple cycle and a recuperative cycle with and without the WAC system. When the packing height of the humidification tower was changed, the required size varied for the three heat exchangers around the humidification tower (a recuperator, an economizer and an air cooler). The packing height with which the sum total of the size of the packing and these heat exchangers became a minimum was 1m for the lowest pressure ratio case, and 6m for the highest pressure ratio case.

scholarly journals A Study of the Feasibility of Steam-Augmented Gas Turbines for Surface Ships

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman B. Urbach ◽  
Donald T. Knauss ◽  
David B. Patchett ◽  
John G. Purnell ◽  
Rolf K. Muench ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Burner Operation ◽  
Engine Systems

The steam-augmented gas turbine (SAGT) has attracted attention because of its increased fuel efficiency. It yields significant, cost-effective increments of output power, particularly when steam/water injection is increased to levels approaching 50% of air flow. Such high levels of steam/water consumption permit burner operation near stoichiometric combustion ratios with specific powers exceeding 580 hp-sec/lb anticipated. This paper examines steam-augmented gas turbines for their applicability in Navy DDG-class ship environments. SAGT engine concepts exhibit efficiencies approaching the Navy’s intercooled regenerative (ICR) engine, and an impressive compactness that arises from the high specific power of steam. Polished water consumption may be 425,000 gal/day for a 100,000-hp SAGT-engine ship plant. Nevertheless, SAGT engine systems impose little if any negative ship impact even after accounting for water purification systems. Moreover, because of their high specific power, SAGT systems are as affordable, on a first-acquisition-cost basis, as the current gas turbine systems in the fleet, and in the present supply pipeline.

The Isoengine: A Novel High Efficiency Engine With Optional Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Linnemann ◽  
Mike W. Coney ◽  
Anthony Price
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Output ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Compressed Air Energy Storage ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Specific Power Output ◽  
High Specific Power

A novel high efficiency reciprocating piston engine — the isoengine — is predicted to achieve net electrical efficiencies of up to 60% in units of 5 to 20 MWe size. The high efficiency and at the same time a high specific power output are achieved by integrating isothermal compression, recuperative preheating and isobaric combustion into a novel power cycle. The isoengine can utilize distillate oil, natural gas or suitable biofuels. While the first commercial isoengine is envisaged to have a power output of 7 MW, a 3 MW prototype engine is currently being tested. Since compression and combustion are performed in different cylinders, these processes can also be performed at different times such that the isoengine can be used to create a highly efficient small-scale compressed air energy storage (CAES) system. In such configuration, the engine can operate at more than 140% nominal load for a limited time, which depends on the air storage capacity.

Performance Analysis of a Humid Air Turbine Cycle With an Aero-Derivative Gas Turbine

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Chen ◽  
Di Huang ◽  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Shilie Weng
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Air Turbine

Nowadays, the issues of the energy and environment become more and more serious with the demand of energy increasing drastically. The advanced gas turbine cycles provide the opportunities to solve these issues. Humid air turbine (HAT) cycle, which is one of the most promising cycles with high efficiency, low emissions and low unit investment costs, is a prominent representation of the advanced gas turbine cycles. In this paper, an aero-derivative three-shaft gas turbine was converted to the HAT cycle. The aero-derivative is one of the most efficient simple cycles, whose system efficiency can reach 40%. And it is an effective solution to transform the advanced technology from the aeronautical filed to the industrial application. In order to investigate the performance of the HAT cycle, the saturator model was established based on the saturation curve and the saturator working line. Additionally, it was validated that the saturator model was consistent with the steady state experimental results very well. The maximum error of the outlet air temperature is less than 0.8% and the maximum error of the outlet air humidity is less than 1.9%. Three different HAT cycle systems were designed and simulated on the MATLAB platform. The thermodynamic performance of the three HAT systems on the design point shows that case 2 is the better one, which means that the aftercooler does not have obvious benefits for system performance and NOx emissions. Then, the effects of the ambient temperature on the case 2 and simple cycle were investigated. The results show that the HAT cycle has the more favorable off-design performance than the simple cycle when the ambient temperature is changed.

Modeling and Simulation of Saturator Temperature Control in Humid Air Turbine Cycle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Huang ◽  
T. T. Wei ◽  
H. C. Han ◽  
D. J. Zhou ◽  
H. S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Important Position

Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle is one of the most advanced gas turbine cycles in the world. It has drawn great attention due to its high efficiency and good environmental compatibility. The saturator is the key component in the HAT cycle, which utilizes liquid water to humidify compressed air to improve the system performance and make it possible to recover low temperature waste heat in the HAT cycle system. Therefore, saturator temperature control occupies very important position in HAT cycle, and it is essential to study the control logic in saturator. Saturator temperature control is a control strategy that adjusts the water flow rate to fit the designed temperature. In this paper, the HAT cycle test rig of Shanghai Jiao Tong University is taken as research object and a complete HAT cycle model using global heat and mass transfer coefficient is built to analyze the influence of saturator temperature control on both steady-state and dynamic performance of HAT cycle system. The system efficiency increases by 0.071% after considering saturator temperature control on 75% load. The dynamic response of output power changes little, while the saturator component can achieve stable faster. The research in this paper can lay the foundation for operation and control of the HAT cycle demonstration plants.

Integration of gas switching combustion in a humid air turbine cycle for flexible power production from solid fuels with near‐zero emissions of CO 2 and other pollutants

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 7299-7322
Author(s):  
Carlos Arnaiz del Pozo ◽  
Jan Hendrik Cloete ◽  
Schalk Cloete ◽  
Ángel Jiménez Álvaro ◽  
Shahriar Amini
Keyword(s):  
Power Production ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine
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